A Cationic Peptide, TAT-Cd 0 , Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Ocular Infection In Vivo

PURPOSE. To test the in vivo activity of a peptide derived from the protein transducing domain of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein, TAT-Cd 0 , in a murine herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) keratitis model. METHODS. The efficacy of TAT-Cd 0 was assessed in a postinfection treatment model with different concentrations (1 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL, 0.01 mg/mL) of the peptide in one of four delivery vehicles: artificial tears, PBS, methylcellulose, and aquaphor cream. Treatment began within 4 or 24 hours postinfection. Viral titers in the tear film were determined by plaque assay. RESULTS. TAT-Cd 0 reduced the severity of keratitis in all of the delivery vehicles tested when treatment started, 4 hours postinfection. Peptide in the tears or PBS delivery vehicle had the most significant reduction in disease severity and delayed the onset of vascularization and stromal keratitis. The percentage of mice presenting with disease was also significantly reduced and viral titers were reduced by 1 log at 24 hours postinfection in mice treated with 1 mg/mL TAT-Cd 0 , suggesting that inhibiting replication early is sufficient to achieve clinical effects. Lower concentrations were not effective and delaying treatment by 24 hours was also not effective. CONCLUSIONS. This study shows that TAT-Cd 0 is an effective antiviral against HSV-1 strain KOS when applied shortly postinfection and that aqueous-based formulations are more suitable. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

Information and comunications technologies in education: curren achievements and future prospects

La aparición de los recursos digitales, en particular Internet, ha generado la creación de nuevos modos de aproximarse al conocimiento, muchos de ellos nacidos espontáneamente de los usuarios. En el artículo se muestra una selección de los avances que, en opinión de los autores, es representativa de la orientación general del empleo de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en educación. Además, se presenta un breve panorama de la situación actual del aprendizaje y empleo de estos conocimientos en América Latina, que incluye lo hecho hasta ahora a través de las políticas de estado, y se analizan las posibilidades futuras y el trabajo que resta por hacer en nuestra región.Ever since their appearance, the Internet and other digital resources have triggered new ways of approaching knowledge, which were spontaneously created by users themselves. The aim of this work was to provide an overview of a selection of the innovations which show how new technologies have become part of the learning process. In addition, we have discussed the current situation in Latin America regarding the acquisition and use of this knowledge by referring to some state policies and surveys. Future possibilities and developments in our region were also addressed. We have concluded that important steps have been taken, but they should reach a larger number of people. This ambitious aim is still to be achieved.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la EducaciónFacultad de Ingenierí

El acceso abierto a la información científica como línea de investigación en el ámbito de la UNLP

El movimiento internacional de acceso abierto reúne a científicos, profesores, bibliotecarios, editores, estudiantes y público en general que pugnan por lograr que la literatura científica producida por los académicos con financiamiento del estado esté disponible en línea, de forma gratuita y sin restricciones económicas ni legales. Esta línea de investigación focaliza en el estudio del movimiento de acceso abierto en Argentina.Pósters presentadosDepartamento de Bibliotecologí

El acceso abierto a la información científica como línea de investigación en el ámbito de la UNLP

El movimiento internacional de acceso abierto reúne a científicos, profesores, bibliotecarios, editores, estudiantes y público en general que pugnan por lograr que la literatura científica producida por los académicos con financiamiento del estado esté disponible en línea, de forma gratuita y sin restricciones económicas ni legales. Esta línea de investigación focaliza en el estudio del movimiento de acceso abierto en Argentina.Pósters presentadosDepartamento de Bibliotecologí

Como avaliar criticamente estudos de coorte em terapia intensiva? How to critically assess intensive care cohort studies?

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Estudos de coorte são úteis na identificação de fatores de risco e prognósticos, no acompanhamento da história natural de certas doenças e no estudo do impacto de intervenções diagnósticas e terapêuticas. O objetivo deste estudo foi subsidiar o leitor na avaliação crítica de artigos que lançaram mão deste tipo de delineamento de pesquisa. CONTEÚDO: Na avaliação dos estudos de coorte, é crítico observar a existência de vieses de seleção e informação, a continuidade do seguimento dos sujeitos de pesquisa, o controle dos fatores de confusão, a importância dos resultados e sua aplicabilidade na prática clínica. CONCLUSÕES: O conhecimento dos fatores que afetam a qualidade dos estudos de coorte permite ao intensivista selecionar as melhores evidências para auxílio na tomada de decisões clínicas.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cohort studies are useful to identify risk and prognostic factors, assess disease natural history and verify the impact of diagnostic or therapeutic interventions. This article aims to guide readers on how to critically assess papers using a cohort research design. CONTENTS: For a critical appraisal of cohort studies, one must observe: the existence of selection and information bias, the continuity of the follow-up, the control of confounding variables, the significance of the results and its applicability in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of factors which affect the quality of cohort studies allows intensive care professionals to select the best available evidence to guide the decision making process

1 Examining the immune tumor microenvironment of endometrial cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib

Objectives: Our aim is to examine the immune microenvironment of endometrial cancer (EMCA) patients treated with pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib (P+L) that could contribute to increased time on treatment. This may help inform patient selection and identify new therapeutic targets among aggressive endometrial cancer subtypes. Methods: 229 endometrial cancer patients were analyzed using Next-Gen sequencing of the DNA (NextSeq, 592 genes or NovaSeq, WES) and RNA (NovaSeq, WTS) (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ. Time on treatment (TOT) was obtained from insurance claims and Kaplan-Meier estimates were calculated for molecularly defined patient cohorts as the time of first to last treatment of P+L. Responders (R) and non-responders (NR) were defined by treatment for > or <6 months, respectively. Relative abundance of immune-cell infiltrates was calculated by Quantiseq. T-cell inflamed score was calculated from a 160 gene expression signature, and the interferon (IFN) score was calculated from an 18-gene signature. Statistical significance was calculated using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The median TOT of P+L was 4.97 months for all EMCA patients treated with P+L (n=229). The mTOT for endometrioid EMCA patients (n=93) was 5.96 months compared to 3.49 mToT for serous EMCA (n=76) (HR: 0.543, 95% CI (0.395-0.746), p-value <0.001). Overall, all EMCA responders had higher median HLA class 2 gene expression (HLA-DQB2, 2.31-fold; HLA-DPB1, 1.42-fold; HLA-DQA1, 1.66-fold; HLA-DRB1, 1.40-fold; HLA-DPA1, 1.33-fold) and CD8+ T-cells (0.42% vs 0.06%) (p<0.05). Of endometrioid EMCA patients, responders had increased median HLA class 2 gene expression (HLA-DPB1, 2.059-fold; HLA-DQA1, 2.580-fold; HLA-DRB1, 1.568-fold; HLA-DPA1, 1.765-fold) (all p<0.05), but no significant differences in immune cell infiltrates or immune signatures. In serous EMCA, responders also had higher median HLA class 2 gene expression (HLA-DQB2, 4.30-fold; HLA-DPB1, 1.60-fold; HLA-DOB, 2.10-fold), CD8+ T cells, (1.41% vs 0.16%), IFN score (–0.0383 vs –0.265) and T-cell inflamed score (48 vs –67) (all p<0.05). Conclusions: Components of cytotoxic T-cell response in the TME including elevated IFN-γ and T-cell inflamed scores in conjunction with high expression of HLA class II was associated with longer time on treatment with P+L among serous endometrial cancers

Information and comunications technologies in education: curren achievements and future prospects

La aparición de los recursos digitales, en particular Internet, ha generado la creación de nuevos modos de aproximarse al conocimiento, muchos de ellos nacidos espontáneamente de los usuarios. En el artículo se muestra una selección de los avances que, en opinión de los autores, es representativa de la orientación general del empleo de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en educación. Además, se presenta un breve panorama de la situación actual del aprendizaje y empleo de estos conocimientos en América Latina, que incluye lo hecho hasta ahora a través de las políticas de estado, y se analizan las posibilidades futuras y el trabajo que resta por hacer en nuestra región.Ever since their appearance, the Internet and other digital resources have triggered new ways of approaching knowledge, which were spontaneously created by users themselves. The aim of this work was to provide an overview of a selection of the innovations which show how new technologies have become part of the learning process. In addition, we have discussed the current situation in Latin America regarding the acquisition and use of this knowledge by referring to some state policies and surveys. Future possibilities and developments in our region were also addressed. We have concluded that important steps have been taken, but they should reach a larger number of people. This ambitious aim is still to be achieved.Fil: Enríquez, Silvia Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Gargiulo, Sandra Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Ponz, María Jimena. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Scorians, Erica Elena. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Vernet, Mercedes. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Verdecia Carballo, Enrique. Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de La Habana.Fil: Wenk, Norberto. Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de La Plata