Irrigation of sugar beet ((Beta vulgaris L. Var. Saccharifera)

Šećerna repa industrijska je biljka kontinentalnih podneblja koja predstavlja osnovnu sirovinu u proizvodnji šećera. Repa se u Republici Hrvatskoj uzgaja na malim površinama, ako ju usporedimo s ostatkom Europe. Potrebni agroekološki uvjeti kao i pravilna agrotehnika ključ su uspjeha u proizvodnji šećerne repe. Suša kao najvažniji ograničavajući čimbenik šećerne repe dovodi do smanjenja sadržaja šećera i smanjena prinosa. Zadaća navodnjavanja je da biljci kompenzira tekućinu koju biljka upija kroz korijen i lišće,a gubi isparavanjem tla i cijeđenjem tla. Najbolje navodnjavanje bilo bi ono koje oponaša prirodnu pojavu (kišu), a najkvalitetnija voda za navodnjavanje je kišnica. Kvalitetu vode određuju biološke, fizikalne i kemijske značajke. Navodnjavanje kišenjem ima prednost ispred ostalih metoda navodnjavanja.Sugar beet is an industrial plant of continental climate that represents the main, raw material, of sugar production. In Republic of Croatia, the beet grows on small sufraces, if we compare it to the rest of the Europe. Necessary agroecological condition, just as correct agrotechnich, are the keys of success in the sugar beet production. Drain, as the main limited factor of sugar beet, is leading to reduced level of sugar and reduced yield. The main reason of irrigation is to give the plant necessary water which plant absorbe trought the root and leafs, and losing water with evaporation and soil draining. The best kind of irrigation is the one that works like a natural cause (rain), because the most valuable kind of water for soil is the rain. The quality of water depends on biological,fizical, and cemical features. Rain irrigation has the adventage in front of the other methods of irrigatio

Utjecaj biostimulatora na prinos, hranjivu i senzornu kvalitetu plodova jagoda

The study was conducted as open field trial, with irrigation, with the Clery strawberry variety. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of foliar application on berry and seaweed extract on the yield and quality of strawberry fruit (sugar, acid and anthocyanin content). The experiment was set up by random block system in 4 repetitions. The following treatments were applied to the strawberry crop: 1. control, 2. conventional NPK fertilization (10-52-10), 3. 30% reduced conventional NPK fertilization, 4. 30% reduced conventional fertilization + biostimulants. Due to arid growing conditions, NPK fertilizer was applied foliarly. Statistical analysis of the data showed significant differences between treatments in strawberry yield, and anthocyanins content. Compared to the control, the biostimulator had an effect on strawberry yield and total anthocyanin content, but not on the total soluble sugar and acid content of strawberry fruit.Istraživanje je provedeno u poljskim uvjetima, uz navodnjavanje, sa sortom jagode Clery. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj folijarne primjene biostimulatora na bazi ekstrakta bobica i morskih algi na prinos i kvalitetu ploda jagode (sadržaj šećera, kiselina i antocijana). Pokus je postavljen po slučajnom blok sustavu u 4 ponavljanja. Na usjevu jagoda primijenjeni su tretmani: 1. kontrola, 2. konvencionalna gnojidba NPK (10-52-10), 3. 30% reducirana konvencionalna gnojidba NPK, 4. 30% reducirana konvencionalna gnojidba + biostimulator. Zbog sušnih uvjeta uzgoja NPK gnojivo primijenjeno je folijarno. Statističkom analizom podataka dobivene su značajne razlike između tretmana u prinosu ploda jagode i sadržaju ukupnih antocijanina. U usporedbi s kontrolom biostimulator imao je utjecaj na prinos jagode i sadržaj ukupnih antocijanina, ali ne na sadržaj šećera i kiselina u plodu jagode

Agronomska performanca i iskoristivost Cameline sative u svrhu proizvodnje biopl

This research was set up in 2013 in agroecological conditions of continental Croatia (3 different locations). The extperiment was set as a split-plot design in four replicates, with three levels of the main treatments of soil tillage (CT - plowing; MD - reduced multiple disk harrowing; SD - reduced single disk harrowing) and levels of subtreatment fertilization (F0 - control; F1 - standard KAN fertilization; F2 - fertilization with 5% urea solution; F3 - Profert Mara; F4 - Profert NGT; F5 - Thiofer; F6 - EM Aktiv). The highest camelina grain and biomass yield was achieved in the subtreatment F6 when using microbiological fertilizer EM Aktiv, regardless of the applied agrotechnics. After the harvest experiment, anaerobic batch co-digestion of camelina and cow manure was conducted under thermophilic conditions to determine camelina\u27s potential for biogas production. The biogas potential of camelina was expressed as biogas and methane yields which ranged from 382.00 and 246.04 cm3 g-1 VS, respectively. If compared to maize which is often used as a standard for comparison of methane yields, maize methane yields are higher by 21 to 40%.Istraživanje je postavljeno 2013. godine u agroekološkim uvjetima kontinentalne Hrvatske (3 različite lokacije). Pokus je postavljen po split-plot shemi u četiri ponavljanja, s tri razine glavnih tretmana obrade tla (CT - oranje; MD - reducirano višestruko tanjuranje; SD - reducirano drljanje jednom tanjuračom) i razinama gnojidbe podtretmana (F0 - kontrola; F1 - standardna gnojidba KAN-om; F2 - gnojidba 5% otopinom uree; F3 - Profert Mara; F4 - Profert NGT; F5 - Thiofer; F6 - EM Aktiv). Najveći prinos zrna i biomase kameline ostvaren je u podtretmanu F6 uz korištenje mikrobiološkog gnojiva EM Aktiv, neovisno o primijenjenoj agrotehnici. Nakon eksperimenta žetve, provedena je anaerobna šaržna kodigestija kameline i kravlje gnojovke u termofilnim uvjetima s ciljem određivanja potencijala kameline za proizvodnju bioplina. Bioplinski potencijal kameline izražen je preko prinosa bioplina i metana koji su se kretali od 382.00 odnosno 246.04 cm3 g-1 OT. U usporedbi s kukuruzom koji se često koristi kao standard za usporedbu prinosa metana, prinosi metana proizvedenog iz zrna kukuruza veći su za 21 do 40 %

Irrigation of sugar beet ((Beta vulgaris L. Var. Saccharifera)

Šećerna repa industrijska je biljka kontinentalnih podneblja koja predstavlja osnovnu sirovinu u proizvodnji šećera. Repa se u Republici Hrvatskoj uzgaja na malim površinama, ako ju usporedimo s ostatkom Europe. Potrebni agroekološki uvjeti kao i pravilna agrotehnika ključ su uspjeha u proizvodnji šećerne repe. Suša kao najvažniji ograničavajući čimbenik šećerne repe dovodi do smanjenja sadržaja šećera i smanjena prinosa. Zadaća navodnjavanja je da biljci kompenzira tekućinu koju biljka upija kroz korijen i lišće,a gubi isparavanjem tla i cijeđenjem tla. Najbolje navodnjavanje bilo bi ono koje oponaša prirodnu pojavu (kišu), a najkvalitetnija voda za navodnjavanje je kišnica. Kvalitetu vode određuju biološke, fizikalne i kemijske značajke. Navodnjavanje kišenjem ima prednost ispred ostalih metoda navodnjavanja.Sugar beet is an industrial plant of continental climate that represents the main, raw material, of sugar production. In Republic of Croatia, the beet grows on small sufraces, if we compare it to the rest of the Europe. Necessary agroecological condition, just as correct agrotechnich, are the keys of success in the sugar beet production. Drain, as the main limited factor of sugar beet, is leading to reduced level of sugar and reduced yield. The main reason of irrigation is to give the plant necessary water which plant absorbe trought the root and leafs, and losing water with evaporation and soil draining. The best kind of irrigation is the one that works like a natural cause (rain), because the most valuable kind of water for soil is the rain. The quality of water depends on biological,fizical, and cemical features. Rain irrigation has the adventage in front of the other methods of irrigatio

Influence a biological preparation for the adaptation of lettuce seedlings

Salata (Lactuca sativa L.) je jednogodišnja zeljasta biljka, rasprostranjena vrsta lisnatog povrća iz porodice glavočika (lat. Asteraceae).Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati utjecaj biološkog preparata Maska (kukuruzno brašno obogaćeno maceratom povrća) na adaptaciju presadnica salate u uzgoj na otvorenom. Također, cilj istraživanja bio je i proučiti zajednicu nematoda na tretiranim i netretiranim površinama preparatom Maska. Glavice salate imale su različite mase po tretmanima gdje se pokazalo da je primjena preparata Maske utjecala na prinos. Najveća prosječna masa glavice od 1500 g zabilježena je na tretmanu IV. Tretman III (tlo tretirano preparatom Maska, biljke u kontroli) najbolje djelovao na brojnost nematoda u tlu. Upotreba preparata skupine poboljšivača, gdje pripada i Maska pozitivno utječe na povećanje bioraznolikosti u tlu, ali je potrebno provesti daljnja istraživanja o utjecaju poboljšivača Maska na svojstva tla i biljke.Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an annual herbaceous plant, a widespread species of leafy vegetables from the glaucoma family (Lat. Asteraceae). The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of the biological preparation Mask (corn flour enriched with macerate vegetables) on the adaptation of lettuce seedlings to outdoor cultivation. Furthermore, the aim of the study was to study the community of nematodes on treated and untreated soil with Mask.Lettuce heads had different masses where the use of Mask preparation was shown possitive affect to the yield. The highest average head mass of 1500 g was recorded on treatment IV. Treatment III (soil treated with Mask, plants in control) had the best effect on the number of nematodes in the soil. The use of biopreparations or conditioners, where the Mask belongs, has a positive effect on increasing soil biodiversity, but further research is needed

Influence a biological preparation for the adaptation of lettuce seedlings

Salata (Lactuca sativa L.) je jednogodišnja zeljasta biljka, rasprostranjena vrsta lisnatog povrća iz porodice glavočika (lat. Asteraceae).Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati utjecaj biološkog preparata Maska (kukuruzno brašno obogaćeno maceratom povrća) na adaptaciju presadnica salate u uzgoj na otvorenom. Također, cilj istraživanja bio je i proučiti zajednicu nematoda na tretiranim i netretiranim površinama preparatom Maska. Glavice salate imale su različite mase po tretmanima gdje se pokazalo da je primjena preparata Maske utjecala na prinos. Najveća prosječna masa glavice od 1500 g zabilježena je na tretmanu IV. Tretman III (tlo tretirano preparatom Maska, biljke u kontroli) najbolje djelovao na brojnost nematoda u tlu. Upotreba preparata skupine poboljšivača, gdje pripada i Maska pozitivno utječe na povećanje bioraznolikosti u tlu, ali je potrebno provesti daljnja istraživanja o utjecaju poboljšivača Maska na svojstva tla i biljke.Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an annual herbaceous plant, a widespread species of leafy vegetables from the glaucoma family (Lat. Asteraceae). The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of the biological preparation Mask (corn flour enriched with macerate vegetables) on the adaptation of lettuce seedlings to outdoor cultivation. Furthermore, the aim of the study was to study the community of nematodes on treated and untreated soil with Mask.Lettuce heads had different masses where the use of Mask preparation was shown possitive affect to the yield. The highest average head mass of 1500 g was recorded on treatment IV. Treatment III (soil treated with Mask, plants in control) had the best effect on the number of nematodes in the soil. The use of biopreparations or conditioners, where the Mask belongs, has a positive effect on increasing soil biodiversity, but further research is needed

Influence a biological preparation for the adaptation of lettuce seedlings

Salata (Lactuca sativa L.) je jednogodišnja zeljasta biljka, rasprostranjena vrsta lisnatog povrća iz porodice glavočika (lat. Asteraceae).Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati utjecaj biološkog preparata Maska (kukuruzno brašno obogaćeno maceratom povrća) na adaptaciju presadnica salate u uzgoj na otvorenom. Također, cilj istraživanja bio je i proučiti zajednicu nematoda na tretiranim i netretiranim površinama preparatom Maska. Glavice salate imale su različite mase po tretmanima gdje se pokazalo da je primjena preparata Maske utjecala na prinos. Najveća prosječna masa glavice od 1500 g zabilježena je na tretmanu IV. Tretman III (tlo tretirano preparatom Maska, biljke u kontroli) najbolje djelovao na brojnost nematoda u tlu. Upotreba preparata skupine poboljšivača, gdje pripada i Maska pozitivno utječe na povećanje bioraznolikosti u tlu, ali je potrebno provesti daljnja istraživanja o utjecaju poboljšivača Maska na svojstva tla i biljke.Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an annual herbaceous plant, a widespread species of leafy vegetables from the glaucoma family (Lat. Asteraceae). The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of the biological preparation Mask (corn flour enriched with macerate vegetables) on the adaptation of lettuce seedlings to outdoor cultivation. Furthermore, the aim of the study was to study the community of nematodes on treated and untreated soil with Mask.Lettuce heads had different masses where the use of Mask preparation was shown possitive affect to the yield. The highest average head mass of 1500 g was recorded on treatment IV. Treatment III (soil treated with Mask, plants in control) had the best effect on the number of nematodes in the soil. The use of biopreparations or conditioners, where the Mask belongs, has a positive effect on increasing soil biodiversity, but further research is needed

Influence of biological preparation on wheat seedlings infection with Fusarium graminearum

Dosadašnji načini kontrole uzročnika bolesti koji, među ostalim, podrazumijevaju uporabu fungicida prema novim zakonodavnim okvirima i novim strategijama u biljnom zdravstvu nailaze na sve veće restrikcije. Pronalaženje nekemijskih sredstava za zaštitu usjeva od biološki preparat, Fusarium graminearum, pšenica, zrnobolesti je od velikog interesa za poljoprivrednu proizvodnju, stoga je u našem istraživanju ispitan učinak novog biološkog preparata (BP) za kontrolu gljive Fusarium graminearum na klijancima pšenice. Biološki preparat primijenjen je na tri različita načina: inokulacijom zrna pšenice, zalijevanjem, te inokulacijom zrna i zalijevanjem. Utvrđeno je kako se intenzitet bolesti primjenom BP smanjuje, a najbolji rezultati dobiveni su inokulacijom zrna prije sjetve dok je zalijevanje površine BP polučilo slabije rezultate. Također, ukoliko je zrno već tretirano biološkim preparatom dodatna aplikacija zalijevanjem nije bila opravdana ni s ekološkog ni s ekonomskog aspekta.Current methods of controlling pathogens, which include the use of fungicides under the new legislative framework and new strategies in plant health are facing increasing restrictions. For this reason, finding non-chemical products to protect crops from diseases is of great interest. Our study examined the effect of a new biological preparation (BP) for the control of Fusarium graminearum on wheat seedlings. The biological preparation was applied by wheat grain inoculation, watering, grain inoculation and watering. It was found that the disease intensity is reduced by the use of BP and the best results were obtained by inoculation of grains before sowing. Watering the BP on the surface achieved poorer results. Also, if the grain has already been treated with a biological preparation, additional application by watering was not justified from either an ecological or economic point of view

Ecological and Agronomic Benefits of Intercropping Maize in a Walnut Orchard—A Case Study

The incorporation of trees on traditional agricultural land has the potential for providing beneficial conditions for understory crops by altering the microclimate. Under these assumptions, we conducted a study on maize productivity intercropped in a 14-year-old walnut orchard by measuring growth and yield parameters, and water and nutrient uptake. Overall, we found that walnut trees decreased maximum air temperature and increased air humidity, especially during hot summer months characterized by precipitation deficit. A 30% reduction in maize yield per total area was a result of significantly reduced plant density, which could be a walnut-specific effect due to juglone excretion. Productivity per plant increased as shown by a significantly higher harvest index and 1000 kernel weight. No meaningful differences were found in terms of maize grain nutrient productivity, nutrient recovery, or nutrient use efficiency. On the systems level, we observed an advantage of the walnut-maize system compared to its respective monoculture systems—land and water equivalent ratios showed that for gaining the same yields as in intercropped system, walnut and maize grown separately would need 32% more land and 31% more water. Our study implies there are some beneficial outcomes to growing maize with trees, although further research should focus on investigating walnut as an option, due to its possible allelopathic effects