Tıbbi ve aromatik bitki ekstraktlarının balarısı (Apis mellifera L.) kolonilerinin bazı fizyolojik özellikleri üzerine etkisi

In this study, the effects of extracts obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants added to syrups used to feeding honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies on some physiological characteristics of colonies were investigated. The experiment was carried out on 6 groups of 5 colonies. These groups are syrup (S), syrup + Urtica dioica (SU), Syrup + Melissa officinalis (SM), Syrup + Hypericum perforatum (SH), Syrup + Achillea millefolium (SA) and syrup + Thymus serpyllum (ST). As a result of the research, the sealed brood area data were determined as 3013.24±1939.26, 3107.00±2060.42, 3270.81±2194.80, 3091.20±1962.69, 3273.90±2095.49 and 3613.06±2348.27 cm2 in S, SU, SM, SH, SA, ST groups, respectively. When we compare the honey yields of the experimental groups, according to group S, SU increased by 18.48%, SM 43.10%, SH 16.04%, SA 27.35% and ST 53.86%. Therefore, syrup + medicinal and aromatic plant extract mixture given to honey bee colonies may have a positive effect on colony development and honey yield.Bu çalışmada, bal arısı (Apis mellifera L.) kolonilerinin beslenmesinde kullanılan şuruplara eklenen tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerden elde edilen ekstraktların, kolonilerin bazı fizyolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Denemede 5’er koloniden oluşan 6 grup bulunmaktadır (şurup (S), şurup + Urtica dioica (SU), Şurup + Melissa officinalis (SM), Şurup + Hypericum perforatum (SH), Şurup + Achillea millefolium (SA) ve şurup + Thymus serpyllum (ST). Araştırma sonucunda, kapalı kuluçka alanı S, SU, SM, SH, SA, ST gruplarında sırasıyla, 3013,24±1939,26, 3107,00±2060,42, 3270,81±2194,80, 3091,20±1962,69, 3273,90±2095,49 ve 3613,06±2348,27 cm2 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ek beslenmenin arı kolonilerinin bal verimi açısından S grubuna göre, SU %18,48, SM %43,10, SH %16,04, SA % 27,35 ve ST % 53,86 oranında artış göstermiştir. Balarısı kolonilerine verilen şurup + tıbbi ve aromatik bitki ekstraktı karışımının koloni gelişimi ve bal verimi üzerinde etkili olabildiği tespit edilmiştir

Channel estimation in underwater cooperative OFDM system with amplify-and-forward relaying

Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the full text of this article is only available via subscription.This paper is concerned with a challenging problem of channel estimation for amplify-and-forward cooperative relay based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in the resence of sparse underwater acoustic channels and of the correlative non-Gaussian noise. We exploit the sparse structure of the channel impulse response to improve the performance of the channel estimation algorithm, due to the reduced number of taps to be estimated. The resulting novel algorithm initially estimates the overall sparse channel taps from the source to the destination as well as their locations using the matching pursuit (MP) approach. The correlated non-Gaussian effective noise is modeled as a Gaussian mixture. Based on the aussian mixture model, an efficient and low complexity algorithm is developed based on the combinations of the MP and the space-alternating generalized improve the estimates of the channel taps and their location as well as the noise distribution parameters in an iterative way. The proposed SAGE algorithm is designed in such a way that, by choosing the admissible hidden data properly on which the SAGE algorithm relies, a subset of parameters is updated for analytical tractability and the remaining parameters for faster convergence Computer simulations show that underwater acoustic (UWA) channel is estimated very effectively and the proposed algorithm has excellent symbol error rate and channel estimation performance.TÜBİTA

Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi tutanaklarında Türk-Yunan ilişkileri ve Avrupalılaşma 1994-2006 = Relations between Turkey & Greece and Europeanization : a survey based on offical records of Turkish Grand National Assembly 1994-2006

Metin Türkçe ve İngilizcedir

Türk medyasında Türk-Yunan ilişkileri ve Avrupalılaşma 1994-2006 = Turkish media : the relations between Turkey & Greece and Europeanization 1994-2006

Metin Türkçe ve İngilizcedir

The impact of Syrian refugees and irregular migrants on EU–Turkey relations: decision-makers' perspectives on the EU-Turkey statement

This chapter examines the relations between the EU and Turkey after the refugee crisis that began in Syria in 2011 and reached Europe in 2014. Rather than being a refugee or migration study, the research presented here shows how the statement of reconciliation of March 18, 2016, affected these relations. An important thesis underlying this study is that the refugee crisis is actually a new version of the “security strategy” dimension of EU–Turkey relations that has existed since the very beginning. Although these relations were conducted on a foundation dominated by security-strategy considerations from the outset, it was thought that a new phase of integration had been reached, especially during the period 1999 through 2007. However, the negotiations regarding Turkey’s accession to the EU, which were largely blocked in 2007, faced both a new test and new opportunities in 2014. Quite evident is the divergence between Turkey’s effort to become an integral part of Europe and the EU’s generally distant and instrumental approach to the issue. While Turkey cannot respond to the expectations set by the EU, the EU seems to have transformed its relationship with Turkey into one of “strategic relations” with a “close neighbor,” especially after 2016

Detection of laryngeal tumors and tumoral extension by multislice computed tomography-virtual laryngoscopy (MSCT-VL)

Virtual endoscopy is becoming a widely used non-invasive clinical diagnostic tool. The present study was designed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the conventional endoscopy and virtual laryngoscopy with respect to laryngeal masses. A total of 38 patients (20 males, 18 females, mean age 61 years) with the complaint of hoarseness were included in the study. Laryngeal mucosa, lumen and mass pathology were evaluated initially by direct endoscopy and then by virtual laryngoscopy during multislice CT of the larynx. Histopathologic evaluation of the masses was also made. The main pathology of the patients was found to be laryngeal masses (60% of patients, one mass for each patient), which were polyps (n = 8), papilloma (n = 4) and carcinoma (n = 11) according to histopathologic evaluation. Retrospective evaluation of 6 lesions detected in virtual but not in conventional laryngoscopy resulted with the finding of viscous-dense mucous secretion. On the contrary, three lesions detected by conventional laryngoscopy could not be detected by virtual evaluation. A total of six patients were evaluated and considered as normal both by conventional and virtual laryngoscopic examinations. Sensitivity of the virtual laryngoscopy was 88% (23/26) while its specificity was only 50% (6/12). Positive and negative predictive values were 79% (23/29) and 66% (6/9), respectively. Accuracy of the virtual laryngoscopy was 76% (29/38). Virtual laryngoscopy is not an alternative to conventional laryngoscopy but may assist direct endoscopy without causing additional radiation exposure or discomfort to the patient. The three-dimensional contribution to interpretation of the results and subsequent manipulation of the data can be used for educational and surgical purposes