101 research outputs found

    Application of Self Tuning Fuzzy Logic Control to Full Railway Vehicle Model

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    AbstractThis paper presents the dynamic modeling and intelligent control of the full railway vehicle against the railway irregularities. In order to safe and comfortable transportation of passengers, vibration analysis and control studies are investigated by using Matlab–Simulink software. The 54 degrees of freedom railway vehicle model is used for analysis. The controllers are placed between the car body and bogies. For reducing the car body vibrations caused by a lateral and two vertical sinusoidal track irregularities, fuzzy logic and self-tuning fuzzy logic control schemes are applied to railway vehicle. The fuzzy logic based algorithms herein are used for realizing the active control of car body vibrations. The simulations of vibration analysis are obtained in time and frequency domains and compared with uncontrolled case. A good vibration reduction performance is achieved by using applied control algorithms

    (E)-4-Bromo-2-[(4-ethyl­phen­yl)imino­meth­yl]phenol

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    In the title compound, C15H14BrNO, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 43.99 (2)°. The mol­ecular conformation is influenced by an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond

    Computer vision based unistroke keyboard system and mouse for the handicapped

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    In this paper, a unistroke keyboard based on computer vision is described for the handicapped. The keyboard can be made of paper or fabric containing an image of a keyboard, which has an upside down U-shape. It can even be displayed on a computer screen. Each character is represented by a non-overlapping rectangular region on the keyboard image and the user enters a character by illuminating a character region with a laser pointer. The keyboard image is monitored by a camera and illuminated key locations are recognized. During the text entry process the user neither have to turn the laser light off nor raise the laser light from the keyboard. A disabled person who has difficulty using his/her hands may attach the laser pointer to an eyeglass and easily enter text by moving his/her head to point the laser beam on a character location. In addition, a mouse-like device can be developed based on the same principle. The user can move the cursor by moving the laser light on the computer screen which is monitored by a camera. © 2003 IEEE

    Vision-based continuous Graffiti™-like text entry system

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    It is now possible to design real-time, low-cost computer version systems even in personal computers due to the recent advances in electronics and the computer industry. Due to this reason, it is feasible to develop computer-vision-based human-computer interaction systems. A vision-based continuous Graffiti™-like text entry system is presented. The user sketches characters in a Griffiti™-like alphabet in a continuous manner on a flat surface using a laser pointer. The beam of the laser pointer is tracked on the image sequences captured by a camera, and the corresponding written word is recognized from the extracted trace of the laser beam. © 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers

    Zeolit katkılı polimerik gaz ayırma membranları

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    Due to the limitations on current polymeric gas separation membranes for many commercially attractive applications, mixed-matrix composite (MMC) membranes, prepared by incorporating size and shape selective zeolites into solution-diffusion type polymeric membranes, has been a focus of attention in recent years. The goal of this work is to investigate the effect of specific zeolite fillings on the selective permeation rates of the polymeric solution-diffusion type gas separation membranes, to get an understanding of the transport mechanism, and, through this knowledge, to develop membrane materials with high separation performance for a desired application. For this purpose, synthetic zeolites with different pore opening and geometry, Si/Al ratio and hence surface polarity and hydrophilicity were chosen as fillers, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a rubbery polymer, and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), a glassy polymer were chosen as polymeric phases. The separation properties of MMC membranes prepared were characterized by steady-state gas permeability measurements and morphological characterization was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Proper selection of the polymer/zeolite pair, the importance of molecular sieving versus kinetic and sorption selectivities of the zeolite filler, and the transport properties and morphology of the zeolite/polymer interphase are addressed. The results indicate that the key issue in the design of succesful MMC gas separation membranes for target applications is the design of the interfacial region between the zeolite and the polymer. Keywords: Zeolite, polymer, membrane, gas separation.Bu çalışmada belirli zeolitlerin farklı polimer matrislerine katılmasının çözünme-difüzyon tipi polimerik membranların seçici ayırma özelliklerine etkilerinin araştırılması, zeolit katkılı polimerik membranlarda  gazların taşınım mekanizmalarının incelenmesi ve bu bilgiler doğrultusunda yüksek ayırma performansına sahip membran malzemelerinin hazırlanabilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Uygun polimer/zeolit çiftinin seçimi, zeolitlerin moleküler elek özelliklerine karşın kinetik ve adsorpsiyon seçiciliklerinin önemi ve zeolit/polimer arayüzeyindeki etkileşimler incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar hedeflenen bir uygulama için başarılı bir zeolit katkılı membran tasarımında en önemli unsurun zeolit ve polimer arasında yer alan arayüzeyin tasarımı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler: Zeolit, polimer, membran, gaz ayırma.&nbsp

    Identification of an mRNA isoform switch for HNRNPA1 in breast cancers.

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    Roles of HNRNPA1 are beginning to emerge in cancers; however, mechanisms causing deregulation of HNRNPA1 function remain elusive. Here, we describe an isoform switch between the 3′-UTR isoforms of HNRNPA1 in breast cancers. We show that the dominantly expressed isoform in mammary tissue has a short half-life. In breast cancers, this isoform is downregulated in favor of a stable isoform. The stable isoform is expressed more in breast cancers, and more HNRNPA1 protein is synthesized from this isoform. High HNRNPA1 protein levels correlate with poor survival in patients. In support of this, silencing of HNRNPA1 causes a reversal in neoplastic phenotypes, including proliferation, clonogenic potential, migration, and invasion. In addition, silencing of HNRNPA1 results in the downregulation of microRNAs that map to intragenic regions. Among these miRNAs, miR-21 is known for its transcriptional upregulation in breast and numerous other cancers. Altogether, the cancer-specifc isoform switch we describe here for HNRNPA1 emphasizes the need to study gene expression at the isoform level in cancers to identify novel cases of oncogene activation

    Giant aneurysm of non-coronary sinus of valsalva in a patient with marfan sendrom

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    Valsalva sinüslerinin anevrizmaları, aort anulusu ile sinotubüler bileşke arasındaki aort kök bölgesinin dilatasyonu olarak tanımlanır. Valsalva sinüsünün izole anevrizmaları nadir görülen kardiovasküler patolojilerdir. Sinüs valsalva anevrizması, konjenital veya edinsel kökenli olabilir. Konjenital, özellikle bağ dokusu bozukluklarına sekonder ve konjenital kardiyak defektlerle birlikte görülebilir. Edinsel anevrizmalar ise enfeksiyonlara ve travmaya sekonder olarak oluşabilir. Küçük boyutlu rüptüre olmamış anevrizmalar cerrahi müdahalesiz takip edilebilirken bunun dışındaki tüm hastalarda müdahale gerekir ve cerrahi altın standart tedavi yöntemidir. Bu yazıda, aort yetmezliği ile birlikte non-koroner valsalva sinüsünün dev anevrizması olan ve uygun tedavisi yapılan 12 yaşında Marfan sendromlu hasta anlatılacaktır.Aneurysms of the sinuses of Valsalva are defined as dilatation of the aortic root region be-tween the aortic annulus and the sinotubularjunction. Isolated aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva are rare cardiovascular pathologies. Sinus valsalva aneurysm may be of congenital or acquired origin. It can occur congenital, secondary to connective tissue disorders or in associa-tion with congenital cardiac defects. Acquired aneurysms may occur secondary to infections and trauma. Small-sized unruptured aneurysms may be followed without surgical treatment; however, surgery may be required in all other patients and surgery is the gold standard treat-ment method. In this article, a 12 -year-old patient with Marfan syndrome who had aortic regurgita-tion and giant aneurysm of the non-coronary sinus of valsalva and was treated appropriately will be presented

    Why do some patients with stage 1A and 1B endometrial endometrioid carcinoma experience recurrence? A retrospective study in search of prognostic factors

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    Objectives: Endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC) is the most encountered subtype of endometrial cancer (EC). Our study aimed to investigate the factors affecting recurrence in patients with stage 1A and 1B EEC. Material and methods: Our study included 284 patients diagnosed with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage 1A/1B EEC in our center from 2010 to 2018. The clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were obtained retrospectively from their electronic files. Results: The median age of the patients was 60 years (range 31–89). The median follow-up time of the patients was 63.6 months (range 3.3–185.6). Twenty-two (7.74%) patients relapsed during follow-up. Among the relapsed patients, 59.1% were at stage 1A ECC, and 40.9% were at stage 1B. In our study, the one-, three-, and five-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 98.9%, 95.4%, and 92.9%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, grade and tumor size were found to be independent parameters of RFS in all stage 1 EEC patients. Furthermore, the Ki-67 index was found to affect RFS in stage 1A EEC patients, and tumor grade affected RFS in stage 1B EEC patients. In the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the statistically significant cut-off values were determined for tumor size and Ki-67 index in stage 1 EEC patients. Conclusions: Stage 1-EEC patients in the higher risk group in terms of tumor size, Ki-67, and grade should be closely monitored for recurrence. Defining the prognostic factors for recurrence in stage 1 EEC patients may lead to changes in follow-up algorithms

    The impact of Ki-67 index, squamous differentiation, and several clinicopathologic parameters on the recurrence of low and intermediate-risk endometrial cancer

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    Endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC) represents approximately 75-80% of endometrial carcinoma cases. Three hundred and thirty-six patients with EEC followed-up in the authors’ medical center between 2010 and 2018 were included in our study. Two hundred and seventy-two low and intermediate EEC patients were identified using the European Society for Medical Oncology criteria and confirmed by histopathological examination. Recurrence was reported in 17 of these patients. The study group consisted of patients with relapse. A control group of 51 patients was formed at a ratio of 3:1 according to age, stage, and grade, similar to that in the study group. Of the 17 patients with recurrent disease, 13 patients (76.5%) were Stage 1A, and 4 patients (23.5%) were Stage 1B. No significant difference was found in age, stage, and grade between the case and control groups (p > 0.05). Body mass index, parity, tumor size, lower uterine segment involvement, SqD, and Ki-67 index with p<0.25 in the univariate logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariate analysis. Ki-67 was statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.018); however, there was no statistical significance in SqD and other parameters. Our data suggest that the Ki-67 index rather than SqD needs to be assessed for recurrence in patients with low- and intermediate-risk EEC
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