Adjunct Use of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Treatment of Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis: A Case Report

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) is a microbial disease of the gingiva in the context of an impaired host response. This form of gingivitis is relatively rare. NUG is an infection characterized by gingival necrosis presenting as “punched-out” papillae, spontaneous bleeding, pain, oral malodor, and pseudomembrane formation. The primary predisposing factors are bacterial plaque and an inadequate diet, but smoking and psychological stress may also affect the disease severity. NUG is associated with a characteristic bacterial flora, which includes fusiform bacteria, spirochetes, and Prevotella intermedia. Conventional treatment includes control of both the bacterial plaque and the secondary factors, as well as topical or systemic treatment biostimulative effect on wound healing, pain control, and inflammatory processes. Patients with NUG were treated using adjunct use of a diode laser (980 nm) for the control of pain and to accelerate the wound healing at day 2. 3. 5. 9, energy density was 9 J/cm2. After treatment, the patients’ quality of life improved faster than with conventional treatment. These results suggest that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is an effective treatment for the reduction of pain levels and healing times. As a result, our case report shows that LLTT has a positive effect in relieving the symptoms of NUG

Genetic variation of myeloperoxidase gene contributes to aggressive periodontitis: A preliminary association study in Turkish population

Abstract. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a lysosomal enzyme found in the azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is involved in the defense against periodontal bacteria, and is also able to mediate inflammatory tissue destruction in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to explore the association between MPO-463G/A gene polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP). The study included 147 subjects. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were recorded as the clinical parameters. Genomic DNA was obtained from the peripheral blood of 32 subjects with AgP, 25 with CP, and 90 reference controls. We genotyped the MPO-463G/A polymorphism using the PCR-RFLP method. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0 for windows. There were no significant differences between the CP patients and controls regarding MPO-463A/G gene polymorphism either in terms of allele frequency or genotype frequency of MPO-463A/G. However, either in terms of allele frequency or genotype frequency of MPO-463A/G, there were significant differences between the AgP patients and the controls. In conclusion, our data suggest that MPO-463G/A may be associated with increased risk of aggressive periodontitis in Turkish patients

Late Onset Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome (A Clinical Report)

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the association of palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and premature loss of both deciduous and permanent teeth. Although there were a number of studies with respect to dassical PLS patients, the number of studies on the late-onset PLS was limited. This paper reports the treatment planning of the mildly affected periodontal component of a patient with late-onset Papilion-Lefevre syndrome and in DNA by investigating cytokine and MIF genotyping. Cytokine (IL-6, IL-10, IFN-g, TGF-beta 1, TNFa) genotyping was performed by the PCR-SSP method. The TNFa (-238,-857) and MIF (-173) genotyping were determined by PCR-RFLP method. These results are the first detailed genetic study data concerning the Late-Onset Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome in literature. The IL-6, IL-10, TNFa and IFN-g polymorphisms were detected as high expression while TGF-beta 1 was detected as intermediate expression and GC genotype in the MIF (-173) gene

Relationship between periodontal disease, atherosclerosis and oxidative stress: a review

Peridontal hastalıklar dişin destek dokularında enflasyonla ve yıkımla karakterize enfeksiyöz hastalıklardır. Periodontal hastalığın ilerlemesinde, bakteriyel kolonizasyona karşı gelişen immünolojik reaksiyonlar önemli rol oynamaktadır. Periodontal hastalıklar ile kardiovasküler hastalıkların temel etkeni olan ateroskleroz arasındaki direk nedensel ilişki tam olarak belirlenememesine karşın, her iki hastalığı ilişkilendiren farklı patolojik mekanizmalar ve ortak risk faktörleri mevcuttur. Aterosklerotik plakların periodontal patojenlerle enfeksiyonu, periodontal enflamasyonun kronik sistemik enflamasyon yoluyla aterojenik etki oluşturmasıher iki hastalığın olası ilişkisini açıklayan olası mekanizmalardandır. Serbest radikaller ile koruyucu antioksidan sistem arasındaki dengenin bozulması sonucu meydana gelen oksidatif stresin, son yıllarda her iki hastalığın başlaması ve ilerlemesiyleilişkili enflamatuar bir belirteç olduğu üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bu derlemede periodontal hastalık, ateroskleroz ve oksidatif stres arasındaki ilişkinin ele alınması amaçlanmıştır.Periodontal diseases are infectious diseases characterized by inflation and destruction in the supporting tissues of the teeth. Immunological reactions to bacterial colonization play an important role in the progression of periodontal disease. Although the direct causal relationship between periodontal diseases and atherosclerosis, the main factor of cardiovascular diseases, cannot be determined exactly, there are different pathological mechanisms and common risk factors associated with both diseases. Infections of atherosclerotic plaques with periodontal pathogens and atherogenic effects of periodontal inflammation through chronic systemic inflammation are possible mechanisms that explain the possible relationship between both diseases. Oxidative stress resulting from the deterioration of the balance between free radicals and the protective antioxidant system is considered to be an inflammatory marker associated with the onset and progression of both diseases in recent years. In this review, we aimed to investigate the relationship between periodontal disease, atherosclerosis, and oxidative stress

Genetic Variation of Myeloperoxidase Gene Contributes to Aggressive Periodontitis: A Preliminary Association Study in Turkish Population

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a lysosomal enzyme found in the azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is involved in the defense against periodontal bacteria, and is also able to mediate inflammatory tissue destruction in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to explore the association between MPO-463G/A gene polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP). The study included 147 subjects. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were recorded as the clinical parameters. Genomic DNA was obtained from the peripheral blood of 32 subjects with AgP, 25 with CP, and 90 reference controls. We genotyped the MPO-463G/A polymorphism using the PCR-RFLP method. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0 for windows. There were no significant differences between the CP patients and controls regarding MPO-463A/G gene polymorphism either in terms of allele frequency or genotype frequency of MPO-463A/G. However, either in terms of allele frequency or genotype frequency of MPO-463A/G, there were significant differences between the AgP patients and the controls. In conclusion, our data suggest that MPO-463G/A may be associated with increased risk of aggressive periodontitis in Turkish patients

Evaluation of the Effects of Periodontal Disease Severity on Social Anxiety Level

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the level of social anxiety in patients with periodontal disease, and to examine its relationship with the clinical characteristics of periodontal disease.Materials and Methods: This study investigated 200 patients in a cross-sectional design. Sociodemographic data, clinical periodontal parameters and patient complaints were recorded. Patients were divided into four groups according to their clinical periodontal index values: chronic periodontitis (CP), aggressive periodontitis (AP), gingivitis (G), and periodontally healthy (PH). Social anxiety levels of the patients were assessed based on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS).Results: A negative relationship was observed between LSAS scores and age, a positive relationship was observed with education level (p0.05). The Liebowitz total score and total anxiety, socially related anxiety and total avoidance levels of patients with halitosis complaints were found significantly higher (p0.05). LSAS scores for patients with complaints of aesthetics and mobility were significantly higher for all seven sub-items (p0.05). Total avoidance and performance avoidance values were significantly higher in patients with complaints of gingival bleeding (p0.05). All of the LSAS scores were higher in the AP and CP groups compared to the PH group and higher in the AP group than in the CP and G groups (p<0.05). In the G group, the performance-related avoidance level was significantly higher than in the PH group (p<0.05)

Association between TNF-α, TGF-β1, IL-10, IL-6 and IFN-γ gene polymorphisms and generalized aggressive periodontitis

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate links among cytokine genetic variants and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). Methods: Thirty-five patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis and 85 healthy controls without periodontitis were included in the study. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were recorded as clinical parameters. Polymorphisms of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-ß1 and TNF-α gene were analysed using the polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer method (PCR-SSP). Results: No significant differences were observed for IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TGF-ß1 cytokine polymorphisms, from the genotype distribution and allele frequency, between GAgP and healthy control groups. In contrast, significant differences were observed in the TNF-α gene polymorphism between GAgP and healthy control groups (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Our data suggest that TNF-α (-308) may be associated with the development of generalized aggressive periodontitis. These results should be replicated in a larger and more diverse population of patients diagnosed with generalized aggressive periodontitis to determine of these findings are generalizable