Acceptance-Based Interventions For Direct Care Staff: An Assessment Of Need

Research suggests staff working with individuals with disabilities experience a significant amount of work-related stress. To combat this, organizations often employ stress reduction workshops. Research on such workshops has produced mixed findings. The current study had three objectives: (1) further explore relations between psychological flexibility, psychological distress, and job satisfaction among direct care staff, (2) determine the potential utility of a modified version of psychological flexibility specifically for direct care staff, and (3) extrapolate the potential utility of a stress management workshop for staff based on the processes within Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. For objective 1, a strong relation was found between psychological distress and both measures of psychological flexibility. Additionally, a small relation was found between job satisfaction and psychological flexibility and a moderate relation was found between job satisfaction and the direct care staff measure of psychological flexibility. For objective 2, evidence was shown that a potential utility does exist for a measure of psychological flexibility specifically designed around direct care staff. For objective 3, results showed a significant proportion of individuals working as direct care staff may be “at risk”, and thus, more likely to benefit from a stress management intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Additional file 1 of Substance use patterns, sociodemographics, and health profiles of harm reduction service recipients in Burlington, Vermont

Additional file 1. Table S1. Drug Use Among Participants Currently in MOUD Treatment

Smoking cessation interventions for US adults with disabilities: protocol for a systematic review

Introduction People with disabilities have a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking than people without disabilities. However, little information exists on smoking cessation interventions tailored to address the unique needs of people with disabilities. This paper describes a systematic review protocol to identify and evaluate tobacco smoking cessation interventions designed to improve outcomes for people with disabilities.Methods and analysis We will conduct a systematic review of the literature using the procedures outlined by Cochrane. We will search four electronic databases (CINAHL Plus (EBSCO), Embase (Ovid), Medline (Ovid) and PsycINFO (Ovid)) with no date restriction to identify tobacco cessation interventions tailored to meet the needs of people with disabilities. We will extract data and assess risk of bias using the RoB2 and ROBINS-I for included studies using Covidence systematic review software. Quantitative and qualitative syntheses will summarise key study characteristics and outcomes with text, tables and forest plots; a meta-analysis will be conducted, if appropriate.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required as there are no primary data associated with the study. Data will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed articles and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration number CRD42022337434

Addiction potential of combustible menthol cigarette alternatives: a randomised cross-over trial.

INTRODUCTION: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued proposed product standards banning menthol as a characterising flavour in cigarettes and cigars. The public health benefits of these product standards may be attenuated by the role of plausible substitutes in the marketplace. Therefore, the present study examined the addiction potential of plausible combustible menthol alternatives compared with usual brand menthol cigarettes (UBMC). METHODS: Ninety-eight adult menthol cigarette smokers completed four visits, smoking their UBMC at the first session and three menthol cigarette alternatives in random order at the subsequent visits: (1) a preassembled menthol roll-your-own (mRYO) cigarette using menthol pipe tobacco and mentholated cigarette tube, (2) a menthol filtered little cigar (mFLC) and (3) a non-menthol cigarette (NMC). Measures of smoking topography, exhaled carbon monoxide (CO), craving and withdrawal, subjective effects and behavioural economic demand indices were assessed. RESULTS: Compared with UBMC, menthol cigarette alternatives resulted in different puffing topography and CO exposure (except mRYO), and lower levels of positive subjective experience and behavioural economic demand indices. Among the alternative products, participants reported the highest level of positive subjective experience and higher demand for mRYO, compared with mFLC and NMC. Similarly, participants were significantly more likely to want to try again, purchase and use the mRYO product regularly compared with mFLC and NMC. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: mRYO cigarettes were the most highly rated cigarette alternative among study products, suggesting their potential appeal as a menthol cigarette substitute and needed inclusion of menthol pipe tobacco and cigarette tubes in FDA's proposed ban