PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR NON CETAK BERBASIS EBOOK DENGAN APLIKASI ADOBE CAPTIVATE 3.0 UNTUK KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 CILIMUS

Erah Siti Syarah : Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Non Cetak berbasis Ebook dengan Aplikasi Adobe Captivate 3.0 untuk Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Cilimus Terdapat sejumlah alasan, mengapa guru perlu untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar, yakni antara lain; ketersediaan bahan sesuai tuntutan kurikulum, karakteristik sasaran, dan tuntutan pemecahan masalah belajar. Pengembangan bahan ajar harus memperhatikan tuntutan kurikulum, artinya bahan belajar yang akan kita kembangkan harus sesuai dengan kurikulum. Pada kurikukulum tingkat satuan pendidikan, standard kompetensi lulusan telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah, namun bagaimana untuk mencapainya dan apa bahan ajar yang digunakan diserahkan sepenuhnya kepada para pendidik sebagai tenaga profesional. Dalam hal ini, guru dituntut untuk mempunyai kemampuan mengembangkan bahan ajar sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar non cetak matematika bebasis ebook dengan aplikasi adobe captivate untuk siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Cilimus. Tujuan khusus yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Mengembangkan bahan ajar matematika bebasis ebook dengan aplikasi adobe captivate untuk kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Cilimus, (2) teridentifikasinya keefektifan pemanfaatan bahan ajar matematika yang dikembangkan. (3) Untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika yang menggunakan bahan ajar matematika berbasis ebook dengan menggunakan aplikasi adobe captivate 3.0. Penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis ebook diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa karena pembelajaran yang kondusif dan interaktif akan menjadi dorongan bagi siswa untuk belajar sehingga hasil belajar siswa menjadi meningkat. Bahan ajar matematika berbasis ebook yang telah dirancang memungkinkan siswa belajar mandiri tanpa adanya keterpaksaan tetapi menjadi kebutuhan. Setelah dikembangkannya bahan ajar diharapkan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh guru dan siswa akan terkurangi sehingga mampu meningkatkan prestasi matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP N 1 Cilimus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengembangan bahan ajar matematika ini adalah jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development) jenis ADDIE. Beberapa tahap yang akan dilakukan dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah (1) Analisis kebutuhan, (2) Desain bahan ajar, (3) Pengembangan bahan ajar, (4) Implementasi bahan ajar, (5) Evaluasi bahan ajar, Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengembangan disimpulkan bahwa perlu dikembangkannya bahan ajar matematika untuk siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Cilimus karena belum tersedia di sekolah baik dari guru maupun dari dinas pendidikan. Hasil penelitian berupa produk bahan ajar yang telah dikembangkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hasil post test di kelas kontrol (nilai rata-rata 78,68) dan hasil post test di kelas eksperimen(nlai rata-rata 84,35) maka bahan ajar yang dikembangkan ini efektif untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika siswa. Kata kunci : bahan ajar, efektivitas, ebook,dan prestasi belajar

Editorial: The challenging roles of pharmacists in hospital and community pharmacy practice in Nigeria

No abstract available Trop J Pharm Res, December 2003; 2(2): 195-19

Susceptibility of common urinary isolates to the commonly used antibiotics in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria

Antimicrobial resistance in the treatment of urinary tract infections is a major health problem. This study evaluates the pattern of susceptibility of pathogens commonly responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) to commonly used antimicrobial agents in Benin City. Midstream urine samples of 700 patients (300 males and 400 females), who were attending clinics in a 550-bed University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, between April 2003 to March 2004 were examined. Susceptibility of the urine bacteria isolates to twelve commonly used antibiotics was investigated. Eight bacteria isolates were recovered from 49.5% of the patients (18.1% of males and 31.4% of females). These wereEscherichia coli (19.7%), Klebsiella aerogenes (15.1%), Proteus mirabilis (6.7%), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.3%), Streptococcus faecalis (1.3%), Providence stuartii (1%), and Alkaligenes faecalis (1%). All the isolates exhibited a significantly high resistance to tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, amoxycillin and cefuroxime but were either moderately or highly sensitive to the quinolones and nitrofurantoin. We conclude that majority of the antimicrobial agents that are commonly used to treat UTIs in the hospitals are no longer effective. Therefore, the development and strict management of antimicrobial policy, and surveillance for resistant organisms should be given priority in Nigeri

SHARE PRICES AND MACROECONOMIC FACTORS: A TEST OF THE ARBITRAGE PRICING THEORY (APT) IN THE NIGERIAN STOCK MARKET

The broad objective of the study is to examine the suitability of the APT in explaining stock returns in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examines the significance of money supply, exchange rate, inflation and oil prices in explaining stock returns in the Nigerian stock market. The study adopts a time-series research design  while Secondary data in quarterly estimates for All share index, oil prices, money supply, Gross Domestic Product, Exchange rate, inflation and interest rate for the period 2000Q1- 2010Q4 were used for the analysis. The method of data estimation is the co-integration and error correction methodology (ECM). The findings reveal that money supply (M2) appeared to be negative and also a significant determinant of stock returns both in the long run and the short run dynamic model for both one period and two period lags at 5% and 10% significance levels. Exchange rate was also observed to be negatively related to stock returns in both the long run and the short run dynamic model for both one period lag and two period lags. However, the result appeared to be insignificant at 5% and 10% significance levels. Interest rate was also observed to be negatively related to stock returns in both the long run and the short run dynamic model for both one period lag and two period lags. The slope coefficient appeared to be insignificant at 5% and 10% significance levels at both the long run and short run. Oil prices was also observed to be negatively related to stock returns in both the long run and the short run dynamic model for both one and two period lags respectively. The slope coefficient also appeared to be significant at 5% and 10% significance levels at both the long and short run while the error correction coefficient is rightly signed. The conclusion is that though the APT macroeconomic variables can explain stock returns, not all the variables are significant both in the long run and in the short run. The recommendation is that there is the need for sensible coordination of macroeconomic policies in Nigeria. Key words: arbitrage pricing theory, macroeconomic variables, Nigerian stock marke

Identification of Standards for Pharmaceutical Care in Benin City

Purpose: Pharmaceutical care (PC) is still a theoretical statement in Nigeria and not operational. The goal of this study is to identify practice standards that can be effectively applied in the implementation of pharmaceutical care in Nigeria. Method: The survey instrument (a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire) was distributed to pharmacists in Benin City. Each questionnaire contained the 52 suggested practice standards obtained from round one discussion by the Delphi panel of PC experts. The pharmacists were requested to indicate in the questionnaire whether or not each of the standards was feasible, relevant, being currently applied or intend to be apply it in their practice setting. Analysis of the responses on being currently applied or intend to apply it excluded the pharmacists in academia since nearly all of them were full-time University Lecturers. Result: Of the 150 copies of the questionnaire distributed, 119 (79.3%) responded. The average proportion of pharmacists who gave positive response to each of the standards were as follows: feasibility (71.3% 9.2%), relevance (72.0% 8.0%), currently apply it (18.2% 20.2%) and intend to apply it (10.8% 6.7%). The 95% confidence intervals of the responses were: feasibility (68.7% 73.9%), relevance (69.7% - 74.4%), currently apply it (12.5% - 23.8%), and intend to apply it (8.9% - 12.6%). Neither the age, years of professional experience, qualification nor area of practice significantly influenced the pharmacists responses. Forty-seven (47) of the 52 standards were identified for application by the pharmacists. Conclusion: PC standards that can be effectively applied in improving effective pharmaceutical services in Benin City have been identified. The identified 47 standards are most likely to stimulate the widespread implementation of PC in Nigeria if seriously addressed by the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria, the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria and Nigeria pharmacists. Keywords: Benin City, pharmaceutical care, practice standards Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2002; 1(2): 55-6

The Quality of Groundwater in Benin City: A baseline study on inorganic chemicals and microbial contaminants of health importance in boreholes and open wells.

Purpose: Inorganic chemicals and microorganisms are common in human environments and at high levels poisoning from the chronic effects have occasionally occurred. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate whether the levels of inorganic chemicals and microbial contaminants in boreholes and open wells in selected Districts in Benin City are sufficient to affect the health of the inhabitants of the areas under investigation. Method: Six (6) boreholes and three (3) open wells were randomly selected from two Districts (Okhoro and Teboga) in Benin City. Water samples were collected from the boreholes and open wells using standard techniques. Lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) concentrations as well as aerobic bacteria, presumptive faecal coliform, E. coli, faecal Streptococci and fungi in the water samples were determined using standard procedures. World Health Organisation acceptable limits for drinking water were used in the evaluation. Result: All the boreholes and open wells were contaminated with abnormal levels of Pb. High levels of Cr and Cd were found in the borehole and open wells at Okhoro. Abnormal levels of Zn concentrations were detected in almost all the boreholes and open wells. All the boreholes at Teboga were contaminated with unacceptable levels of aerobic bacteria and fungi. Presumptive faecal colifom, E.coli and faecal Streptococci were seen in all the boreholes. Conclusion: Some boreholes and open wells in Okhoro and Teboga Districts in Benin City are contaminated with abnormal levels of metals and microorganisms capable of causing health hazards to the consumers of boreholes and open wells. Keywords: Benin City, boreholes, inorganic chemicals, microorganisms, open wells. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2002; 1(2):75-8

Implementasi Bauran Pemasaran Sebagai Strategi Pemasaran Jasa Pendidikan

Lembaga pendidikan sekarang harus bersaing dengan lembaga-lembaga di bidang pendidikan lainnya untuk memberikan pelayanan dan program pendidikan yang terbaik dan paling berpotensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki penggunaan bauran pemasaran (mix marketing) dalam pemasaran jasa pendidikan di SMK Bismillah. Dalam penelitian ini, data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, termasuk observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi di lokasi penelitian. Setelah itu data yang terkumpul, diuji keabsahanya yaitu dengan uji kredibilitas, uji transferabilitas, uji dependabilitas, dan uji komfirmabilitas. Analisis data menggunakan Reduksi Data (Data Reduction), Penyajian Data/ Display, dan Verifikasi Data (Conclusions drowing/verifiying). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) SMK Bismillah telah berhasil menerapkan strategi pemasaran jasa pendidikan dengan menggunakan bauran pemasaran. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penerapan ketujuh bagian strategi pemasaran, yaitu Strategy Product, Strategy Price, Strategy Place, Strategy Promotion, Strategy People, Strategy Physical Evidence, dan Strategy Process. 2) Faktor pendkung dari implementasi bauran pemasaran strategi pemasaran jasa pendidikan di SMK Bismillah antara lain Strategi produk yang mengandalkan kompetensi keunggulan, penyelarasan kurikulum dengan dunia kerja, dan keunggulan serta output dari jurusan-jurusan yang ada di SMK Bismillah menjadi faktor pendukung yang kuat dalam menarik minat calon siswa. Dalam aspek sumber daya manusia, SMK Bismillah memiliki tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan yang berkualifikasi dan berkualitas, sehingga memberikan pendidikan yang baik dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. SMK Bismillah juga memastikan penggunaan kurikulum yang sesuai dengan standar nasional dan rekomendasi dari Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional. Secara keseluruhan, SMK Bismillah telah berhasil dalam mengimplementasikan strategi pemasaran jasa pendidikan melalui bauran pemasaran yang beragam dan efektif

MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN JASA PENDIDIKAN DALAM MEMPROMISIKAN DAN MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING LEMBAGA(STUDI DI SMK BISMILLAH PADARINCANG DAN SMK DARUNNAJAH PABUARAN)

Dalam era globalisasi pendidikan yang kompetitif, persaingan antara lembaga pendidikan menjadi semakin ketat. Berbagai fenomena menarik terjadi dalam dunia pendidikan, terutama dalam hal penerimaan peserta didik baru di sekolah-sekolah negeri dan swasta. Dengan munculnya sekolah unggulan yang menerapkan kurikulum merdeka belajar dan berdirinya sekolah baru dengan berbagai keunggulan fasilitas, serta beberapa yang menggratiskan pendidikan, persaingan pendidikan semakin berkembang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Bismillah dan SMK Darunnajah, dua sekolah yang telah sukses dalam mencapai prestasi pendidikan tinggi dan menerapkan strategi manajemen pemasaran yang positif. Metode penelitian menggunakan pengumpulan data kualitatif, dan analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan induktif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kedua sekolah ini memiliki langkah-langkah perencanaan manajemen pemasaran yang berbeda. SMK Bismillah menekankan pada visi, misi, analisis ancaman dan peluang, serta beragam media promosi. Sementara SMK Darunnajah fokus pada analisis pasar pendidikan, identifikasi target pasar, dan rapat-rapat internal dan eksternal untuk meningkatkan visibilitas sekolah. Selain itu, keduanya menghadapi tantangan unik dalam mempromosikan dan meningkatkan daya saing lembaga. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, strategi pemasaran jasa pendidikan yang efektif dapat memberikan dampak positif pada kualitas promosi dan daya saing lembaga. Rekomendasi termasuk peningkatan profesionalisme, penyesuaian strategi pemasaran dengan perubahan masyarakat, dan optimalisasi manajemen pemasaran jasa pendidikan. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan pendekatan berbeda dapat memberikan wawasan yang lebih komprehensif tentang topik ini

Mandatory Audit Rotation and Audit Independence: Survey of Southern Nigeria

The quest for mandatory audit rotation has been a concern to academics, investors, practitioners and the public at large. This study is designed to determine the relationship between mandatory audit rotation and audit independence in Southern Nigeria. The data used were collected through the distribution of questionnaires to investors, lecturers, consultants, accountants and auditors in Southern Nigeria.  Percentage analysis was used to analyze the data while the specified model was estimated using binary logistic regression technique with the aid of computer software Eviews 7. One hypothesis was stated and tested. The study revealed that mandatory audit rotation has a positive relationship on auditors’ independence. We therefore recommended that though audit rotation will improve auditors’ independence, rotation of external auditors should be made voluntary. Keywords: Mandatory Audit Rotation, Audit independence, Southern Nigeri

MANDATORY AUDIT ROTATION AND AUDIT QUALITY: SURVEY OF SOUTHERN NIGERIA

Mandatory rotation of external auditors requires audit firms to be rotated after a specified number of years despite the quality, independence of the audit firm, the willingness of the shareholders and the management to keep the audit firm. This study is designed to determine the relationship between mandatory audit rotation and audit quality. The data used were collected through the distribution of questionnaires to investors, lecturers, consultants, accountants and auditors in southern Nigeria.  The data was analyzed using percentage analysis while the specified model was estimated using binary logistic regression technique through computer software Eviews 7. One hypothesis was stated and tested. The binary logistic ordered regression shows that there exists a negative relationship between Mandatory Audit Rotation (MAT) and audit quality (AUDQ).We therefore recommended that other ways of improving audit quality should be explored such as strengthening the board of audit committee and encouraging Joint audit to avoid monopoly of audit opinion. Keywords: Mandatory Audit Rotation, Audit Quality, Southern Nigeri