Employment in Europe 2000

[Excerpt] This Report examines in detail basic elements of the employment challenge renewed in Lisbon. Beyond recent employment trends in 1999, the Report sets out how each Member State is expected to contribute to achieving the Union’s employment objectives. It analyses both the nature and quality of jobs being created, with special focus on its gender dimension and the evolution of social and regional imbalances in the EU. In view of the forthcoming enlargement of the Union, the Report also reviews progress in transforming the labour markets in the Central European candidate countries. Finally, the Report assesses the impact of tax and benefit systems on employment, gauging the tax burden on labour and the tax wedge as well as coverage and replacement rates of unemployment benefits and early retirement systems

Industrial Relations in Europe 2006

[Excerpt] This is the fourth report on Industrial Relations in Europe. After the enlargement of the Union in 2004 and the integration of the new Member States into the Lisbon agenda it is of major importance to look again in this wider context at ways to develop the contributions social partners can deliver to reach the ambitious objective of the growth and jobs strategy. This aims to see Europe become the most dynamic and competitive knowledge-based economy capable of sustainable development with more and better jobs and greater social cohesion – a global objective shared by all major actors on the labour market

Employment in Europe 2001

[Excerpt] This latest edition of Employment in Europe gives a clear picture of recent developments in the EU labour markets and provides an analytical approach to these policy issues. Based on the most recent data available and on thorough analysis, it provides an invaluable basis for future discussions and policy development

Employment in Europe 1998

[Excerpt] This year is the tenth anniversary of Employment in Europe. For a decade now this Report, and the thinking behind it, has provided the analytical bedrock for the Commission’s increasingly important role in supporting Member State employment and labour market policies. The Report has pioneered the use of new concepts — like the employment rate which has improved our understanding of our employment potential in Europe and which, this year, is the subject of a special report to the European Council

Employment in Europe 1999

[Excerpt] Like its predecessors, this 1999 Report serves two main purposes. The first is to provide a comprehensive report on recent developments in employment in Europe. This year’s Report takes this first aspect somewhat further and looks at the ups and downs of employment performance in recent years, not only in the Union but also in the United States and Japan. One notable and disturbing fact is that, despite the success of some individual Member States in improving their performance over recent years, employment in the Union as a whole in 1998 had still not regained the level of 1991 before the onset of the recession in the early 1990s

HBP Leaders' Commitment to Equal Opportunities and Inclusiveness

Enhancing equal opportunities for all affiliated personnel, at all career levels and functions, with a specific focus on gender is difficult to achieve complex large-scale science. The Human Brainproject (HBP) encouraged each person with leadership responsibility to sign and actively support the principles set out in the HBP Vision "to Work for and Engage in Activities and Research for Equality in the HBP" and the HBP Mission for Equal Opportunities. Accordingly, the "HBP checklist for Equal Opportunities" offers an opportunity to reflect and take action

Young peoples’ reflections on what teachers think about family obligations that conflict with school: A focus on the non-normative roles of young caring and language brokering

In “Western” contexts school attendance is central for an ‘ideal’ childhood. However, many young people engage with home roles that conflict with school expectations. This paper explores perceptions of that process in relation two home activities - language brokering and young caring. We interviewed 46 young people and asked them to reflect on what the teacher would think when a child had to miss school to help a family member. This paper discusses the young people’s overall need to keep their out-of-school lives private from their teachers

A Global Hypothesis for Women in Journalism and Mass Communications: The Ratio of Recurrent and Reinforced Residuum

This paper examines the status of women in communications industries and on university faculties. It specifically tests the Ratio of Recurrent and Reinforced Residuum or R3 hypothesis, as developed by Rush in the early 1980s [Rush, Buck & Ogan,1982]. The R3 hypothesis predicts that the percentage of women in the communications industries and on university faculties will follow the ratio residing around 1/4:3/4 or 1/3:2/3 proportion females to males. This paper presents data from a nationwide U.S. survey and compares them to data from global surveys and United Nations reports. The evidence is overwhelming and shows the relevance and validity of the R3 hypothesis across different socio-economic and cultural contexts. The paper argues that the ratio is the outcome of systemic discrimination that operates at multiple levels. The obstacles to achieving equality in the academy as well as media industries are discussed and suggestions for breaking out of the R3 ratio are included.

A Global Hypothesis for Women in Journalism and Mass Communications: The Ratio of Recurrent and Reinforced Residuum

This paper examines the status of women in communications industries and on university faculties. It specifically tests the Ratio of Recurrent and Reinforced Residuum or R3 hypothesis, as developed by Rush in the early 1980s [Rush, Buck & Ogan,1982]. The R3 hypothesis predicts that the percentage of women in the communications industries and on university faculties will follow the ratio residing around 1/4:3/4 or 1/3:2/3 proportion females to males. This paper presents data from a nationwide U.S. survey and compares them to data from global surveys and United Nations reports. The evidence is overwhelming and shows the relevance and validity of the R3 hypothesis across different socio-economic and cultural contexts. The paper argues that the ratio is the outcome of systemic discrimination that operates at multiple levels. The obstacles to achieving equality in the academy as well as media industries are discussed and suggestions for breaking out of the R3 ratio are included.