Twelve Tips for Medical Students starting Clinical Placements in the United Kingdom

Transitioning from the pre-clinical to clinical years at medical school can be challenging and overwhelming. This paper aims to utilise the experience of healthcare professionals to provide tips for medical students to consider in order to maximise their learning opportunities. Before starting a placement, it is highly encouraged that you familiarise yourself with the curriculum, remember to bring your essentials and dress appropriately. During your placement, ensure good attendance keeping, introduce yourself to the team, manage your time well, engage in self-directed learning, ask questions to other doctors, interact with allied health care professionals and follow the patient’s journey from admission to discharge. It is also key to be wary of university requirements, regularly practice history-taking and clinical examination and examination style questions. Prioritise a suitable work-life balance by enjoying hobbies and extra-curricular activities in order to avoid burn-out. These tips should ensure medical students make the most of their clinical placements as well as making it a memorable and enjoyable experience

Histological and Biochemical Study on Mitigation of Dichlorvos-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Mimosa Pudica in Mice

Objective Exposure of dichlorvos-contaminated foods, water and environment can lead to decrease in proper liver function. Thus, Mimosa pudica(MP)is being investigated in the present study to determine its protective effect on dichlorvos induced hepatotoxity in Mice. Methods Fifty adult male BALB/c mice weighing between 20-30g were randomly assigned into 5 groups of 10 animals each (Groups A, B, C, D, and E). Group A as the control Group received normal feed, group B received 0.1 ml of MP, group C was given 40 g of 2.5% Dichlorvos (DDVP) for 28 days. While, group D were given 40 g of 2.5% DDVP with 0.1ml of MP and group E animals were given DDVP for half the period of administration, normal feed and 0.1ml MP for 14 days. Histological and biochemical preparations of the liver were processed and data were expressed as mean± SEM. Significant difference was set at p<0.05. Results ALT activity and the total protein level of the liver show no significant increase (P < 0.005) when compared with the control. AST and ALP activities were significantly increased in animals given DDVP with subsequent MP treatment when compared with the controls. Histological studies revealed distortion of normal hepatic histoarchitecture in DDVP group B and MP groups mitigated these changes in the treated groups. Conclusion Dichlorvos caused tissue distortion in the mice with prominent toxic effects on the liver while MP extract showed ameliorative effects on the liver that was exposed t

CORRELATION OF NECK AND WRIST CIRCUMFERENCE WITH VARIOUS ANTHROPOMETRY INDICES AMONG STUDENT OF AFE BABALOLA UNIVERSITY, ADO-EKITI (ABUAD)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim of study:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of obesity among students at Afe Babalola University in Ado Ekiti and its connection to anthropometry indices. &lt;strong&gt;Patients and methods:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Type of study is cross sectional study. Afe Babalola University was the site of the study, with samples drawn at random from students at the several colleges. The age considered was between 18-25 years old of both male and female. Using the formula BMI=weight in Kg/height in meter squared, we assessed height using a tape measure and weight using a weighing scale. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Out of the 113 male students, 59.3%, 9.7%, 18.6%, and 12.4% were normal weight, underweight, overweight, and obese, whereas out of the 161 female students, 52.2%, 8.7%, 27.3%, and 11.8% were normal weight, underweight, overweight, and obese respectively. A significant positive correlation is found between neck circumference and the BMI, waist circumference, in female normal weight. A significant positive correlation is found between neck circumference and the waist circumference, in female overweight and obese group respectively. A significant positive correlation is found between wrist circumference and the waist circumference, hip circumference in male normal, while a positive significant correlation was observed between wrist circumference and height, BMI, waist circumference and weight in female normal. A significant positive correlation is found between wrist circumference and the height, weight in male overweight group, while a positive significant correlation was observed between wrist circumference and hip circumference, weight in female overweight. In the obese group a significant positive correlation was observed between the wrist circumference with the height and waist to hip ratio in male while waist to hip ratio in female. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Neck and wrist circumference had significant positive correlation with waist circumference and BMI in the female than male subject at normal, overweight and obese.&lt;/p&gt

Light microscopic detection of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro through Pf histidine rich protein 2 (HRP 2) gold conjugate labeling: Rapid diagnosis of cerebral malaria in humans

Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) has been found to be the deadliest of all the known species of the parasite capable of infecting humans; this is because it is capable of causing severe cerebral tissue damage. This study was carried out to demonstrate the parasite in the host blood in vitro through immunogold labeling using antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 (HRP 2); a major metabolite released during the cause of the parasite infection and feeding in the erythrocyte. 12 known Pf positive samples were obtained from across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria and were further characterized by Geimsa thick and thin film for parasite identification parasite count expressed as parasites/µl of blood. An average of 400 parasites/µl of blood was obtained in each of the samples used for this study. Pf-HRP 2 antibody was conjugated to freshly prepared colloidal gold of particle size 40 nm. The conjugation process was blocked with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the conjugate itself preserved by 1% glycerol and 0.01% sodium azide. The parasite count was titrated against the Pf-HRP 2 gold conjugate and was analyzed under the light microscope with a fluorescent filter. Reactivity and specificity of Pf-HRP 2 gold conjugate was found to be highly specific and gave direct identification of the erythrocytes infected with the parasite. A good contrast was also obtained between uninfected erythrocytes, parasite and the infected erythrocytes

White cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba) : botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological overview

White cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata f. alba) is a cruciferous vegetable used worldwide as a food and in traditional medicine. Due to its common availability in local markets, affordability, and consumer preference, it represents a significant source of phytonutrients in the human diet. This review provides an overview of white cabbage origin, taxonomy, geographical distribution, botanical characteristics, and contemporary and traditional uses, as well as its phytochemicals and pharmacology. Special emphasis is placed on a health-promoting phytochemicals such as glucosinolates, polyphenols, and vitamins, as well as anticancerogenic, antioxidant, anti- inflamantory and cardioprotective effects. The majority of so far published research on white cabbage was focused on qualitative determination of phytochemicals (targeted analysis), while only few recent papers published data based on untargeted metabolomic profiling. Hence, this review discusses and emphasizes a further need of studying the white cabbage phytochemicals using modern metabolomics platforms which will enable scientists to pinpoint the exact bioactive metabolites which are responsible for certain bioactivity