Molecular and morphological characterization of Musa spp. (Zingiberales : Musaceae) cultivars.

Objetivos: Analizar la diversidad genética de cultivares de Musa acuminata Colla y Musa balbisiana Colla (Musaceae), cultivados en el departamento de Caldas Alcance: Caracterización de la variabilidad genética, a nivel molecular y morfológico de cultivares de M. acuminata y M. balbisiana, encontrados en fincas de agricultores de Caldas, utilizando descriptores morfológicos y microsatélites fluorescentes. Metodología: Las evaluaciones fenotípicas comprendieron la evaluación de 57 caracteres morfológicos según los descriptores propuestos por el IPGRI para el género Musa, mientras la genotipificación comprendió el uso de nueve marcadores microsatélites fluorescentes (SSR) para la identificación correcta de los alelos amplificados. El análisis de clúster fue llevado a cabo independientemente para ambas caracterizaciones, morfológica y molecular, bajo Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA) y métodos de probabilidad posterior (Bootstrapping) respectivamente. Resultados principales: Con los descriptores morfológicos se identificaron correlaciones directas e inversamente significativas, y se destacaron descriptores como tamaño de bellota masculina, diámetro del pedúnculo, número de frutos, altura de pseudotallo y longitud del fruto, para lo cual contribuyeron considerablemente a la variabilidad entre cultivares de plátano y banano permitiendo la discriminación de tres grupos principales en el análisis de clúster; desde la perspectiva molecular un total de 72 alelos polimórficos fueron obtenidos con una diversidad genética promedio de 0.79, Contenido de Información Polimórfica (PIC) de 0.77 y heterocigocidad de 0.48, mostrando un grado moderado de diferenciación genética (FST = 0.061) entre especies generando tres sub-grupos principales basados en su disimilaridad genética. Conclusiones: La identificación de ciertos rasgos morfológicos demostraron ser adecuados para la discriminación de los cultivares del género Musa evaluados en el presente estudio. Por otra parte, la caracterización molecular permitió establecer las relaciones genéticas dentro de los grupos, adicionalmente los SSRs evaluados presentaron alta precisión e información, siendo apropiados para su uso en caracterizaciones de variedades y cultivares del género Musa.Objectives: The overall goal was to analyze genetic diversity in cultivars of Musa acuminata (Colla) and M. balbisiana (Colla), commonly grown in farms from Caldas department. Scope: Characterization of the genetic variability, at the molecular and morphological level of cultivars of M. acuminata and M. balbisiana, found in farms from Caldas farmers using morphological descriptors and fluorescent microsatellites. Methodology: Phenotyping evaluations comprised 57 morphological characters following the descriptors proposed by IPGRI for the Musa genus, and for genotyping evaluations, nine fluorescent microsatellites (Simple Sequence Repeats-SSR) were used to allow the precise identification of alleles. Additionally, cluster analyses were carried out independently for both morphological and genotypic characterizations under Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Bootstrapping methods respectively. Main results: Positive and negative highly significant correlations were found for the morphological descriptors, where traits such as presence/ absence of male bud was the rule, as well as the diameter and perimeter of this trait, plus the diameter and perimeter of the peduncle, number of fruits, pseudostem height and fruit length contributed considerably to the variability among the cultivars allowing the discrimination of three main groups in the cluster analyzes. From the molecular perspective a total of 72 polymorphic alleles were obtained, with an average genetic diversity of 0,79, polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0,77 and heterozygosity of 0,48, showed a moderate degree of genetic differentiation (FST = 0,061) among Musa cultivars, generating three main sub-clusters based on their genetic dissimilarity. Conclusions: The identification of certain morphological traits showed to be suitable for the discrimination of Musa cultivars evaluated here. On the other hand, molecular characterization allowed to establish the genetic relationships among groups, also fluorescent SSR were highly informative and accurate, in such a way that can be considered suitable for characterizations in Musa varieties

XXIV Asamblea General del Consejo económico para la Cuenca del Pacífico

En la reunión denominada "Las relaciones comerciales después de la Ronda de Uruguay", celebrada del 7 al 9 de mayo de 1991 en Guadalajara, las discusiones giraron en torno a la necesidad de hacer esfuerzos para fortalecer el GATT de manera que continúe siendo un organismo regulador del comercio mundial y para que todos los países miembros respeten sus disposiciones. Se afirmó repetidamente que un fracaso de la Ronda Uruguay significaría el regreso al bilateralismo y la creación de bloques regionales

Los retos del campo mexicano para una nueva década

Las investigadoras invitadas hablaron de los problemas más apremiantes que aquejaron al campo mexicano durante la última década. También conversaron acerca de la capacidad con la que cuenta el sector agrícola mexicano para enfrentar la década que está comenzando en estos días. Durante el programa evaluaron las estrategias planteadas en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2019 - 2024

El estado actual del campo mexicano.

Situación que guarda actualmente el campo mexicano, frente a las reformas estructurales que la Administración del Lic. Enrique Peña Nieto a puesto en marcha desde hace aproximadamente hace un año. Se analizaron la falta de apoyos y de programas económico sociales, necesarios para el desarrollo del sector

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA EN PATRONES DE CÍTRICOS MEDIANTE MICROSATÉLITES AMPLIFICADOS AL AZAR (RAMs)

Citrus rootstocks are essential in the citrus industry because they affect more than twenty agronomic characteristics of the citrus and fruits. Characterization and documentation of germplasm bank introductions allow to avoid duplicates and to identify promising accessions for selection processes, breeding or agro-industrial processes. It was evaluated the genetic diversity of 39 accessions from the citrus rootstocks germplasm bank of the Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research (Corpoica-Palmira). Six RAMs primers were used which generated 134 polymorphic loci that were used to estimate genetic diversity parameters. Expected heterogeneity and polymorphic loci percentage for the collection was 0,38 and 92,54%, respectively. Similarity analysis allow to appreciate that the materials are dispersed in the dendrogram, however a similarity level of 0,63 grouped the accessions of the genus Poncirus and their hybrids. The species Clausena lansium was the most distant from other species in the dendrogram and differed at a similarity level of 0,54. The results indicate a high genetic diversity in the citrus rootstocks germplasm bank of Corpoica that can be used in future research programs

XVII International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Advanced Science, Technology and Innovation to move towards a new socio-technical system: Sustainable Social Transformation"

Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of batsContent: Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of bat