The Human Brain Thermo Receptors: The Best Indicators for Reflecting the Feelings

Thermo receptors are part of the human brain, which reflect differently with changed conditions. Thermo receptors are classified into two categories: Warm and cold thermo receptors. In this abstract, an acceptable temperature analysis incentive is used for measuring the warm and cold cup of coffee used by different age group individuals. Both of the thermo receptors perceive the feelings through the gird of cup that is applied on the palm of the hand. Thus, both cold and warm probes are used with different kinds of temperatures. The cold cup of coffee was about 50 degree Fahrenheit and the warm cup of coffee about 115 degree Fahrenheit. In this experiment, participants showed different responses and reactions to the cold and warm cup of coffee. We measured their responses by giving them questionnaires based on five Likert formula. The experiment assumes that the feelings of human beings can be judged by creating portrait and reverse situation

Quantitative assessment of pinning forces and the superconducting gap in NbN thin films from complementary magnetic force microscopy and transport measurements

Epitaxial niobium-nitride thin films with a critical temperature of Tc=16K and a thickness of 100nm were fabricated on MgO(100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Low-temperature magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images of the supercurrent vortices were measured after field cooling in a magnetic field of 3mT at various temperatures. Temperature dependence of the penetration depth has been evaluated by a two-dimensional fitting of the vortex profiles in the monopole-monopole model. Its subsequent fit to a single s-wave gap function results in the superconducting gap amplitude Delta(0) = 2.9 meV = 2.1*kB*Tc, in perfect agreement with previous reports. The pinning force has been independently estimated from local depinning of individual vortices by lateral forces exerted by the MFM tip and from transport measurements. A good quantitative agreement between the two techniques shows that for low fields, B << Hc2, MFM is a powerful and reliable technique to probe the local variations of the pinning landscape. We also demonstrate that the monopole model can be successfully applied even for thin films with a thickness comparable to the penetration depth.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 2 table

Astrophysical Implications of a Visible Dark Matter Sector from a Custodially Warped-GUT

We explore, within the warped extra dimensional framework, the possibility of finding anti-matter signals in cosmic rays (CRs) from dark matter (DM) annihilation. Exchange of order 100 GeV radion, an integral part of our setup, generically results in Sommerfeld enhancement of the annihilation rate for TeV DM mass. No dark sector is required to obtain boosted annihilation cross sections. A mild hierarchy between the radion and DM masses can be natural due to the pseudo-Goldstone boson nature of the radion. Implications of Sommerfeld enhancement in warped grand unified theory (GUT) models, where proton stability implies a DM candidate, are studied. We show, via partially unified Pati-Salam group, how to incorporate a custodial symmetry for Z->b\bar b into the GUT framework such that a few TeV Kaluza-Klein (KK) mass scale is allowed by precision tests. The model with smallest fully unified SO(10) representation allows us to decouple the DM from the electroweak sector. Thus, a correct DM relic density is obtained and direct detection bounds are satisfied. Looking at robust CR observables, a possible future signal in the \bar p / p flux ratio is found. We show how to embed a similar custodial symmetry for the right handed tau, allowing it to be strongly coupled to KK particles. Such a scenario might lead to observed signal in CR positrons; however, the DM candidate in this case can not constitute all of the DM in the universe. Independently of the above, the strong coupling between KK particles and tau's can lead to striking LHC signals.Comment: 53 pages, 9 figure

Comfort, Indoor Air Quality, and Energy Consumption in Low Energy Homes

This report documents the results of an in-depth evaluation of energy consumption and thermal comfort for two potential net zero-energy homes (NZEHs) in Massachusetts, as well as an indoor air quality (IAQ) evaluation performed in conjunction with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)

RV4JaCa—Towards Runtime Verification of Multi-Agent Systems and Robotic Applications

This paper presents a Runtime Verification (RV) approach for Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) using the JaCaMo framework. Our objective is to bring a layer of security to the MAS. This is achieved keeping in mind possible safety-critical uses of the MAS, such as robotic applications. This layer is capable of controlling events during the execution of the system without needing a specific implementation in the behaviour of each agent to recognise the events. In this paper, we mainly focus on MAS when used in the context of hybrid intelligence. This use requires communication between software agents and human beings. In some cases, communication takes place via natural language dialogues. However, this kind of communication brings us to a concern related to controlling the flow of dialogue so that agents can prevent any change in the topic of discussion that could impair their reasoning. The latter may be a problem and undermine the development of the software agents. In this paper, we tackle this problem by proposing and demonstrating the implementation of a framework that aims to control the dialogue flow in a MAS; especially when the MAS communicates with the user through natural language to aid decision-making in a hospital bed allocation scenario

RV4JaCa - Runtime Verification for Multi-Agent Systems

This paper presents a Runtime Verification (RV) approach for Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) using the JaCaMo framework. Our objective is to bring a layer of security to the MAS. This layer is capable of controlling events during the execution of the system without needing a specific implementation in the behaviour of each agent to recognise the events. MAS have been used in the context of hybrid intelligence. This use requires communication between software agents and human beings. In some cases, communication takes place via natural language dialogues. However, this kind of communication brings us to a concern related to controlling the flow of dialogue so that agents can prevent any change in the topic of discussion that could impair their reasoning. We demonstrate the implementation of a monitor that aims to control this dialogue flow in a MAS that communicates with the user through natural language to aid decision-making in hospital bed allocation

Explaining Semantic Reasoning Using Argumentation

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) are popular because they provide a paradigm that naturally meets the current demand to design and implement distributed intelligent systems. When developing a multi-agent application, it is common to use ontologies to provide the domain-specific knowledge and vocabulary necessary for agents to achieve the system goals. In this paper, we propose an approach in which agents can query semantic reasoners and use the received inferences to build explanations for such reasoning. Also, thanks to an internal representation of inference rules used to build explanations, in the form of argumentation schemes, agents are able to reason and make decisions based on the answers from the semantic reasoner. Furthermore, agents can communicate the built explanation to other agents and humans, using computational or natural language representations of arguments. Our approach paves the way towards multi-agent systems able to provide explanations from the reasoning carried out by semantic reasoners

Technology and Advanced Development for a Non-Toxic Orbital Maneuvering System and Reaction Control System for Orbiter Upgrade

NASA intends to pursue technology applications to upgrade the Space Shuttle Orbiter OMS and RCS systems with non-toxic propellants. The primary objectives of an upgraded OMS/RCS are improved safety and reliability, reduced operations and maintenance costs while meeting basic OMS/RCS operational and performance requirements. The OMS/RCS has a high degree of direct interaction with the crew and requires subsystem and components that are compatible with integration into the orbiter vehicle with regard to external mold-line, power and thermal control The non-toxic propulsion technology is also applicable to future Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) missions. The HEDS missions have similar requirements for attitude control and lander descent/ascent propulsion and which will emphasize the use of In-Situ Resource for propellants. When used as a regenerative coolant as in the Shuttle Orbiter OMS combustion chamber, non-toxic fuels such as ethanol are limited in their cooling capacity by the bulk temperature rise permitted to prevent film boiling or possible coking. Typical regeneratively cooled chambers are constructed from highly conductive copper, which maximizes heat transfer, or from low conductivity materials like stainless steel that can also exacerbate cooling problems. For an ethanol cooled application the heat transfer into the fluid must be controlled to reduce the fuel coolant bulk temperature rise. An approach to provide this control is the subject of this report. This report is being issued to document work done by Aerojet on NASA contract NAS 8-98042. Specifically, this project investigates of the use of ethanol, a designated non-toxic fuel, as a coolant for the Space Shuttle Orbital Maneuvering System Engine combustion chamber. The project also addresses a cost reducing fabrication technique for construction of such a combustion chamber. The study contained three major sub-tasks: an analytical investigation and trade study which included layout of a flight type chamber concept, the fabrication and evaluation of formed platelet liner panels and the preparation and testing of mechanical properties specimens representative of a novel hot gas wall concept