Assessment Of Walls with Phase Change Materials Through Synergistic and Performance Measures Using Experimental and Simulated Test Houses

Current research on living and working spaces continues to strive to identify the most energy-efficient methods for heating and cooling, and many novel technologies have emerged from the research. One of the most promising, and the topic of this quantitative analysis, is the retrofitting of phase change materials (PCMs) into the walls of structures. Research has shown positive results, such as a reduced transfer of heat through walls, when PCMs are retrofitted into wall construction. The present research takes previously gathered data from test houses, built with typical North American framing, and simulates an additional fourteen test houses from the gathered data. The simulated houses consisted of a unique combination of walls retrofitted with and without PCM in them. The fourteen unique simulations allowed for seven metrics, such as max heat flux, time delays (start, peak, and end), total heat, heat flux average, and standard deviation, to be measured. Most of the measure indicated a positive correlation with the addition of PCM being retrofitted into a wall. From the results, the east, west and south walls emerged to be the most influential when it came to the seven measures, and it is recommended that at least one of these three walls be included when retrofitting building

Natural causes of language: Frames, biases, and cultural transmission

What causes a language to be the way it is? Some features are universal, some are inherited, others are borrowed, and yet others are internally innovated. But no matter where a bit of language is from, it will only exist if it has been diffused and kept in circulation through social interaction in the history of a community. This book makes the case that a proper understanding of the ontology of language systems has to be grounded in the causal mechanisms by which linguistic items are socially transmitted, in communicative contexts. A biased transmission model provides a basis for understanding why certain things and not others are likely to develop, spread, and stick in languages. Because bits of language are always parts of systems, we also need to show how it is that items of knowledge and behavior become structured wholes. The book argues that to achieve this, we need to see how causal processes apply in multiple frames or 'time scales' simultaneously, and we need to understand and address each and all of these frames in our work on language. This forces us to confront implications that are not always comfortable: for example, that "a language" is not a real thing but a convenient fiction, that language-internal and language-external processes have a lot in common, and that tree diagrams are poor conceptual tools for understanding the history of languages. By exploring avenues for clear solutions to these problems, this book suggests a conceptual framework for ultimately explaining, in causal terms, what languages are like and why they are like that

Time and space questionnaire

This entry contains: 1. An invitation to think about to what extent the grammar of space and time share lexical and morphosyntactic resources − the suggestions here are only prompts, since it would take a long questionnaire to fully explore this; 2. A suggestion about how to collect gestural data that might show us to what extent the spatial and temporal domains, have a psychological continuity. This is really the goal − but you need to do the linguistic work first or in addition. The goal of this task is to explore the extent to which time is conceptualised on a spatial basis

Landscape terms and place names elicitation guide

Landscape terms reflect the relationship between geographic reality and human cognition. Are ‘mountains’, ‘rivers, ‘lakes’ and the like universally recognised in languages as naturally salient objects to be named? The landscape subproject is concerned with the interrelation between language, cognition and geography. Specifically, it investigates issues relating to how landforms are categorised cross-linguistically as well as the characteristics of place naming

A Coding Scheme for Other-initiated Repair Across Languages

We provide an annotated coding scheme for other-initiated repair, along with guidelines for building collections and aggregating cases based on interactionally relevant similarities and differences. The questions and categories of the scheme are grounded in inductive observations of conversational data and connected to a rich body of work on other-initiated repair in conversation analysis. The scheme is developed and tested in a 12-language comparative project and can serve as a stepping stone for future work on other-initiated repair and the systematic comparative study of conversational structures

Spring 1968

Massachusetts Turf and Lawn Grass CouncilBetter Turf Through Research and Education Contents: Wetting Agents by Stuart Denton (page 3) Deflation in Amateur Prize Value (5) Mark of the Industry Today is Professional Tree Care (6) Stockbridge Graduate Appointed Head of Winged Foot (8) Soil Testing Doubles in 10 Years by George Enfield (9) 1968 University of Massachusetts Annual Fine Turf Conference (12) Roots, Selectors of Plant Nutrients by J.B. Hanson (16) Soil Amendments by David Peoples (19) Sex Attractant for Fall Armyworm (23) New Bluegrass Getting Attention (23) New Variety of Bluegrass Now Available (24

Building a corpus of multimodal interaction in your field site

Research on video- and audio-recordings of spontaneous naturally-occurring conversation in English has shown that conversation is a rule-guided, practice-oriented domain that can be investigated for its underlying mechanics or structure. Systematic study could yield something like a grammar for conversation. The goal of this task is to acquire a corpus of video-data, for investigating the underlying structure(s) of interaction cross-linguistically and cross-culturally