Evaluation of Students’ Views on the Covid-19 Distance Education Process in Music Departments of Fine Arts Faculties

The purpose of this study is to determine evaluations and recommendations of the students, who took distance education in the spring semester of 2019-2020 in the music departments of fine arts, about this education and training process, and to develop suggestions for solving the problems experienced. In line with this purpose, the research universe is composed of music departments of fine arts faculties of universities in Turkey, and the sample consists of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grade students studying in Music and Performing Arts at Nevsehir Hacı Bektas Veli University, Faculty of Fine Arts. In order to evaluate music department courses with distance education in terms of learning-teaching process, 24 students were interviewed using a semi-structured observation form consisting of 14 questions for students of music department. In the data collection and analysis of the research, the obtained data were evaluated by using descriptive content analysis technique. In line with the findings obtained from the interviews with the students of the music department, it was concluded that web-based distance education is not as efficient as face-to-face education especially in applied courses, the connection and technical problems experienced during the courses negatively affect the education process, there should be attendance requirement in distance education courses and students with limited opportunities should be provided necessary technological support, and the students want to continue their education as face-to-face in the post-pandemic period

Hemodynamic responses and upper airway morbidity following tracheal intubation in patients with hypertension: Conventional laryngoscopy versus an intubating laryngeal mask airway

OBJECTIVES: We compared hemodynamic responses and upper airway morbidity following tracheal intubation via conventional laryngoscopy or intubating laryngeal mask airway in hypertensive patients. METHODS: Forty-two hypertensive patients received a conventional laryngoscopy or were intubated with a intubating laryngeal mask airway. Anesthesia was induced with propofol, fentanyl, and cis-atracurium. Measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, rate pressure product, and ST segment changes were made at baseline, preintubation, and every minute for the first 5 min following intubation. The number of intubation attempts, the duration of intubation, and airway complications were recorded. RESULTS: The intubation time was shorter in the conventional laryngoscopy group than in the intubating laryngeal mask airway group (16.33 ± 10.8 vs. 43.04±19.8 s, respectively) (p<0.001). The systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the intubating laryngeal mask airway group were higher than those in the conventional laryngoscopy group at 1 and 2 min following intubation (p<0.05). The rate pressure product values (heart rate x systolic blood pressure) at 1 and 2 min following intubation in the intubating laryngeal mask airway group (15970.90 ± 3750 and 13936.76 ± 2729, respectively) were higher than those in the conventional laryngoscopy group (13237.61 ± 3413 and 11937.52 ± 3160, respectively) (p<0.05). There were no differences in ST depression or elevation between the groups. The maximum ST changes compared with baseline values were not significant between the groups (conventional laryngoscopy group: 0.328 mm versus intubating laryngeal mask airway group: 0.357 mm; p = 0.754). The number and type of airway complications were similar between the groups. CONCLUSION: The intense and repeated oropharyngeal and tracheal stimulation resulting from intubating laryngeal mask airway induces greater pressor responses than does stimulation resulting from conventional laryngoscopy in hypertensive patients. As ST changes and upper airway morbidity are similar between the two techniques, conventional laryngoscopy, which is rapid and safe to perform, may be preferred in hypertensive patients with normal airways

Valor predictivo de los test preoperatorios para estimar la intubación difícil en pacientes sometidos a la laringoscopia directa para la cirugía de oído, nariz y garganta

ResumenJustificación y objetivosEl valor predictivo de los test preoperatorios para estimar la intubación difícil puede ser diferente en afecciones laríngeas. Se hizo una revisión de las historias clínicas de los pacientes sometidos a laringoscopia directa y una investigación del valor predictivo de los exámenes preoperatorios para estimar la intubación difícil.MétodosSelección de historias clínicas de los períodos preoperatorio e intraoperatorio y del sistema informatizado del hospital.ResultadosSe evaluaron 2.611 pacientes. En un 7,4% se detectaron intubaciones difíciles. Las intubaciones difíciles fueron constatadas en pacientes con una puntuación de Mallampati (escala de Mallampati [EM]) clase 4 (50%); clasificación de Cormack-Lehane grado 4 (95,7%); conocimiento previo de la vía aérea difícil (86,2%); restricción de la amplitud de movimientos del cuello (amplitud de movimientos cervical) (75,8%); distancia tiromentoniana corta (81,6%); y masa en las cuerdas vocales (849,5%) (p<0,0001). La EM tuvo una sensibilidad baja, mientras que la amplitud de movimientos cervical, tuvo la presencia de masa en las cuerdas vocales, distancia tiromentoniana corta y EM con un valor predictivo positivo relativamente mayor. La incidencia de intubaciones difíciles se incrementó 6.159 y 1.736 veces en cada nivel de aumento de los grados de la clasificación de Cormack-Lehane y de la clase de la EM, respectivamente. Cuando todos los test fueron considerados en su conjunto, la intubación difícil pudo ser clasificada con exactitud en un 96,3% de los casos.ConclusiónLos resultados de los test que prevén intubaciones difíciles en casos con laringoscopia directa coincidieron claramente con los resultados previstos en la literatura para las poblaciones de pacientes en general. Las diferencias en algunos resultados de los test, cuando se les comparó con los de la población en general, pueden ser debidas a las condiciones patológicas subyacentes de la laringe en las poblaciones de pacientes con intubación difícil.AbstractBackground and objectivesPredictive value of preoperative tests in estimating difficult intubation may differ in the laryngeal pathologies. Patients who had undergone direct laryngoscopy were reviewed, and predictive value of preoperative tests in estimating difficult intubation was investigated.MethodsPreoperative, and intraoperative anesthesia record forms, and computerized system of the hospital were screened.ResultsA total of 2.611 patients were assessed. In 7.4% of the patients, difficult intubations were detected. Difficult intubations were encountered in some of the patients with Mallampati scoring (MS) system class 4 (50%), Cormack–Lehane classification grade 4 (95.7%), previous knowledge of difficult airway (86.2%), restricted neck movements (cervical range of motion) (75.8%), short thyromental distance (81.6%), vocal cord mass (849.5%) as indicated in parentheses (P<.0001). MS had a low sensitivity, while restricted cervical range of motion, presence of a vocal cord mass, short thyromental distance, and MS each had a relatively higher positive predictive value. Incidence of difficult intubations increased 6.159 and 1.736-fold with each level of increase in Cormack–Lehane classification grade and MS class, respectively. When all tests were considered in combination difficult intubation could be classified accurately in 96.3% of the cases.ConclusionTest results predicting difficult intubations in cases with direct laryngoscopy had observedly overlapped with the results provided in the literature for the patient populations in general. Differences in some test results when compared with those of the general population might stem from the concomitant underlying laryngeal pathological conditions in patient populations with difficult intubation

A study of commercialization factors in a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) funded company

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-52).A nation's ability to innovate is paramount for its success and survival among other nations. But capitalizing on these innovations and bringing them to the marketplace are what gives a nation its competitive edge and provide sustainable growth over time in this highly dynamic global economy. In the United States' complex innovation ecosystem, small businesses and entrepreneurs play a crucial role in innovating new technologies and commercializing them. Indeed many of the nation's large, successful and innovative firms started out as small entrepreneurial firms. Microsoft, Intel, AMD, FedEx, Qualcomm, Adobe are examples to these firms. These small entrepreneurial firms with new ideas need to garner fair amount of funding before they can bring their ideas into the marketplace. However for entrepreneurial companies with science based innovative ideas, due to the unproven nature of these ideas and the lack of sufficient public information, there exist knowledge asymmetries. Therefore possibility of getting direct venture capital and/or angel investment becomes very slim for these firms unless the idea's commercial potential is obviously clear or a customer is already available. To address this early stage financing gap and to increase private sector commercialization of innovations, the Federal government offers funding through its three phase private-public partnership innovation program, called Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program.(cont.) The purpose of this study is to investigate the existence of any correlations between commercialization of SBIR funded projects, specifically Phase II programs, and various characteristics of the involved entities in attempt to enhance commercialization performance of an SBIR funded company. We hope that the results of this study will be practical in defining commercialization strategies to achieve faster and stronger capitalization on R&D investment for both the awarded company and the federal government and hence the tax payers.by Teoman E. Ustun.S.M

The Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 with Arterial Stiffness and Atherosclerosis in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Background/Aims: In patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), cardiovascular events are the most frequent cause of mortality and morbidity. The aim of our study is to investigate the association between serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and arterial stiffness (AS) as determined with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and atherosclerosis development as determined with carotid artery intima-media thickness (CA- IMT). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with totally 86 ADPKD patients, 50 (58.1%) female and 36 (41.9%) male, with a mean age of 49.5 ± 13.9 years. Patients were compared with healthy control group with similar distribution of age and gender. AS was assessed with baPWW, and atherosclerosis development was assessed with CA-IMT. CA-IMT &#x3e; 9 mm was considered as increased atherosclerosis. Serum FGF-23 and soluble klotho (s-KL) levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Due to skewed distribution of variables, statistical calculations of FGF-23 and s-KL were performed with log10. Results: According to the CKD stages, 46 (53.5%) patients had stage 1-2, 32 (37.2%) had stage 3-4, and 8 (9.3%) had predialysis stage 5 disease. Mean log10FGF-23 was 2.43 ± 0.41 pg/mL, and mean log10s-KL was 1.28 ± 0.09 ng/mL. Mean baPWV was 7.48 ± 1.68 m/sec, and mean CA-IMT was 0.63 ± 0.14 mm. Among patients at various stages of CKD, systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.002), creatinine, 1.25hydroxy(OH)2VitaminD3, log10FGF-23, baPWV, CA-IMT were higher (p &#x3c; 0.001)andlog10s-KL were lower (p &#x3c; 0.001) in comparison to healthy individuals. FGF-23 was positively correlated with creatinine, 1.25(OH)2VitD3 (p &#x3c; 0.001), baPWV (p = 0.002) and CA-IMT (p = 0.005), and negatively correlated with eGFR (p &#x3c; 0.001). Conclusion: In patients with ADPKD, as the disease stage advanced, serum FGF-23 levels increased while s-KL decreased. In ADPKD patients, AS and atherosclerosis development increased as compared to healthy subjects, and as CKD advanced. In ADPKD patients, the effect of serum FGF-23 on the development of AS and atherosclerosis in peripheral vessels is independent of s-KL

Compendium of the Self-Regulated Education Method in Terms of Various Variables in Flute Education

The emotional, mental, kinesthetic development in the musical instrument training all along the educational process of the individual is great importance. In this context, self-regulated training, which is one of the training methods to be used by the flute instructors, stands out in the development process of the students. The motivation, attitudes, emotional, self-efficacious development of the students towards their instruments supported byselfregulated training can increase the instrument performance. In this study, experimental method was used with the help of self-regulated training method, emotional expression scale, general self-efficacy scales. The study was performed with 22 students who studied flute at the music department. As a result of the study, it was determined that the application of self-regulated training method in flute education had a positive effect on negative expression, self-efficacy. Furthermore, it has been determined that self-regulated training method improves students’ ambition, attitudes and motivations in a more conscious, efficient working process towards lessons and instruments

Hemodynamic responses and upper airway morbidity following tracheal intubation in patients with hypertension: conventional laryngoscopy versus an intubating laryngeal mask airway

OBJECTIVES: We compared hemodynamic responses and upper airway morbidity following tracheal intubation via conventional laryngoscopy or intubating laryngeal mask airway in hypertensive patients. METHODS: Forty-two hypertensive patients received a conventional laryngoscopy or were intubated with a intubating laryngeal mask airway. Anesthesia was induced with propofol, fentanyl, and cis-atracurium. Measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, rate pressure product, and ST segment changes were made at baseline, preintubation, and every minute for the first 5 min following intubation. The number of intubation attempts, the duration of intubation, and airway complications were recorded. RESULTS: The intubation time was shorter in the conventional laryngoscopy group than in the intubating laryngeal mask airway group (16.33 ± 10.8 vs. 43.04±19.8 s, respectively) (

Predictive value of preoperative tests in estimating difficult intubation in patients who underwent direct laryngoscopy in ear, nose, and throat surgery

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Predictive value of preoperative tests in estimating difficult intubation may differ in the laryngeal pathologies. Patients who had undergone direct laryngoscopy (DL) were reviewed, and predictive value of preoperative tests in estimating difficult intubation was investigated. METHODS: Preoperative, and intraoperative anesthesia record forms, and computerized system of the hospital were screened. RESULTS: A total of 2611 patients were assessed. In 7.4% of the patients, difficult intubations were detected. Difficult intubations were encountered in some of the patients with Mallampati scoring (MS) system Class 4 (50%), Cormack-Lehane classification (CLS) Grade 4 (95.7%), previous knowledge of difficult airway (86.2%), restricted neck movements (cervical ROM) (75.8%), short thyromental distance (TMD) (81.6%), vocal cord mass (49.5%) as indicated in parentheses (p < 0.0001). MS had a low sensitivity, while restricted cervical ROM, presence of a vocal cord mass, short thyromental distance, and MS each had a relatively higher positive predictive value. Incidence of difficult intubations increased 6.159 and 1.736-fold with each level of increase in CLS grade and MS class, respectively. When all tests were considered in combination difficult intubation could be classified accurately in 96.3% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Test results predicting difficult intubations in cases with DL had observedly overlapped with the results provided in the literature for the patient populations in general. Differences in some test results when compared with those of the general population might stem from the concomitant underlying laryngeal pathological conditions in patient populations with difficult intubation