Интегрированная система подготовки научных медицинских кадров Сеченовского Университета

Background: The article describes the issue of theoretical proof and experimental testing of the developed approach to optimization of fostering young generations of scientists and optimizing their individual career path. Aims: The aim of the article was to analyze the efficacy of the program of integration of high school students of medical school classes into the global system of training of young scientists. Materials and methods: The general scientific methods were used, such as analysis and synthesis, field experiment and social research, which included survey conduction, education and control testing of high school students of medical preprofessional classes. Results: Authors revealed the efficacy of implemented model of organization of educational process, which was based on the integration of high school students of medical classes into the global system of researchers training and which created a specialized environment for rapid individual professional development. Conclusions: The conducted research proved the efficacy of the personalized approach to gradual teaching of basic research competencies.Обоснование. Работа посвящена теоретическому обоснованию и экспериментальной проверке эффективности единой системы подготовки научных медицинских кадров и оптимизации их индивидуальной траектории профессионального роста. Система основана на поэтапном формировании базовых научно-исследовательских компетенций у обучающихся медицинских предпрофессиональных классов, потенциальных студентов Сеченовского Университета. Цель исследования ― проанализировать эффективность единой системы подготовки научных медицинских кадров на основе технологии включения обучающихся предпрофессиональных классов в замкнутый цикл (школауниверситетнаучно-исследовательская лаборатория), разработанный в Сеченовском Университете. Методы. Применялись универсальные научные методы ― анализ и синтез, полевые и социологические исследования, которые включали анкетирование, обучение, наблюдение и контрольное тестирование старшеклассников медицинских предпрофессиональных классов. Результаты. В ходе исследования выявлена высокая эффективность модели организации образовательного процесса с интеграцией обучающихся медицинских предпрофессиональных классов в единую систему подготовки научных кадров Сеченовского Университета и создания специализированной среды для ускоренного индивидуального профессионального роста. Заключение. Проведенное исследование подтвердило целесообразность использования технологии персонализированного подхода для поэтапного формирования базовых научно-исследовательских компетенций в интегрированной системе подготовки научных медицинских кадров

Linguistic Means in Conflict Resolution

Konflikti ir neizbēgami un tie ir dabīgs rezultāts cilvēku mijiedarbībā. Kad divi vai vairāku cilvēku intereses, vērtības vai ticība atšķiras, var rasties konflikts, bet tikpat bieži konflikti var rasties pārpratumu dēļ. Neatkarīgi no tā, kāpēc, kur un kad notiek konflikti, ir svarīgi saprast, ka visiem konfliktiem ir sekas. Piemēram, konflikti darbā var mainīt noskaņu un pat pazemināt produktivitāti, tāpēc šī darba mērķis ir izpētīt skaidras izteiksmes nozīmi konfliktu risināšanā darbā. Izmantojot naratīvās analīzes metodi un aptaujas anketas, tika izpētītas trīs dažādas konfliktu situācijas, lai noskaidrotu, vai konflikti ir radušies konfliktā iesaistīto cilvēku tiešo izteikumu līmeņa dēļ, kā rezultāta ir noticis pārpratums. Rezultāti atklāja, ka nevis izteikumu tiešuma līmenis nosaka konflikta rezultātu, bet gan tas, cik līdzīgi ir konflikta dalībnieku izteikumu tiešuma līmenis. Tie dalībnieki, kuri izmanto tiešo komunikācijas stilu, vislabāk sadarbosies ar tiem, kuriem ir līdzīgs līmenis, bet tie, kuriem ir netiešs saziņas stils, vislabāk sadarbosies ar tiem, kas arī dod priekšroku netiešās komunikācijas metodēm. Turklāt pētijuma rezultāti norādija, ka viena no trim konflikta situācijām notika tikai tāpēc, ka konflikta dalībniekiem bija ļoti dažādi komunikācijas tiešuma līmeņi.Conflicts are inevitable and a natural part of human interaction. When two or more people of different interests, values, beliefs meet, a conflict may occur. However, often conflicts happen just because of misunderstandings. Regardless of why, when and where conflicts happen, it is important to understand that all conflicts have consequences. For instance, conflicts at work may change the atmosphere and even affect the production process and therefore the purpose of this paper is to study the importance of direct and indirect communication as a source of conflict at work. Three different conflict situations were studied using narrative analysis and questionnaires to see whether conflicts occur because the level of indirectness of people involved in the conflict is too high. The results showed that it is not the level of indirectness itself that is important but rather how similar the level of directness of communication of the people involved in the conflict. Those participants who use a more direct communication style will best cooperate with those who have a similar level of directness, but those with indirect communication style will be best understood by those who prefer using indirect communication methods. The research findings suggest that one out of three conflict situations analyzed, occurred just because members of the conflict had very different levels of directness

Paramagnetic centers in detonation nanodiamonds studied by CW and pulse EPR

Dispersed detonation nanodiamonds have been studied by continuous-wave (CW) and pulse EPR techniques. The spectrum of bulk radicals (g = 2.0025 +/- 0.0002, a Lorentz line shape with Delta H-pp = 0.95 +/- 0.05 mT) dominated in CW EPR and prevented to record spectra from other paramagnetic species. The pulse EPR-spectrum was the superposition of the distorted P1-center spectrum with parameters (g = 2.0025, A(xx) = 2.57 mT, A(yy) = 3.08 mT, A(zz) = 4.07 mT), the H1-center spectrum (g = 2.0028) and the single line (g = 2.0025, DHpp = 0.40 +/- 0.05 mT) from other centers which may be assigned to surface radicals. The concentration of P1-centers has been estimated by CW EPR as 2 +/- 1 ppm N.Original Publication:A.V. Fionov, Anders Lund, Weimin Chen, N.N. Rozhkova, Irina Buyanova, G.I. Emelyanova, L.E. Gorlenko, E.V. Golubina, E.S. Lokteva, E. Osawa and V.V. Lunin, Paramagnetic centers in detonation nanodiamonds studied by CW and pulse EPR, 2010, Chemical Physics Letters, (493), 04-Jun, 319-322.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2010.05.050Copyright: Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.http://www.elsevier.com