Effect of high-pressure homogenisation on rheological properties of rennet-induced skim milk and standardised milk gels

International audienc

Proteins and proteolysis in pre-term and term human milk samples

International audienc

Proteins and proteolysis in pre-term and term human milk samples

International audienc

Proteomic comparison of human milk from term and pre-term mothers

International audienc

Proteomic comparison of human milk from term and pre-term mothers

International audienc

Proteins and proteolysis in pre-term and term human milk and possible implications for infant formulae

UMR LPFInternational audienceUnderstanding the differences between the protein system of human milk and bovine milk is critical in the development of infant formulae. In this study, the proteins of bovine milk and a bovine-based whey-dominant infant formula were compared with those of human milk for infants born prematurely (pre-term) or at full term (term). The protein distribution of infant formula differed significantly from that of either type of human milk. A proteomic comparison between pre-term and term human milk showed a reduction of levels of β-casein and αs-casein and appearance of additional products, corresponding to low molecular weight hydrolysis products of the caseins, in pre-term milk. Pre-term milk samples also had higher total nitrogen concentration and plasmin activity, consistent with the proteomic data. These results suggest the operation of a physiological mechanism that may adjust enzyme and/or protein expression to modify protein digestibility, and may facilitate design of infant formulae, closer to maternal milk, particularly for premature infants

Comparison of the lipid content, fatty acid profile and sterol composition in local Italian and commercial royal jelly samples

Royal jelly (RJ) is a beehive product that has gained a significant scientific and commercial interest due to its healthy properties. In the present study, lipid content, fatty acid profile and phytosterol amount were determined in eight local and four commercial pure RJ samples. A mixture of diethyl ether/isopropanol 50/1 (v/v) was chosen to extract fat matter from RJ. Lipid amounts ranged from 2.3 and 7.2 % and from 2.0 to 3.2 % of the fresh product in local and commercial RJ, respectively. Fourteen fatty acids and three phytosterols were identified. About 70 % of the total fatty acids consisted of (E)-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic and 10-hydroxydecanoic acid. No significant difference was observed between local and commercial samples in regards to the relative amount of individual fatty acids. Sterols were in the range 179-701 and 329-1,097 mg kg-1 of fat in local and commercial RJ, respectively. A significant difference (p 64 0.05) was observed within RJ types in regards to the 24-methylenecholesterol fraction, amounting to 77 and 67 % of identified sterols in local and commercial products, respectively. \ua9 2014 AOCS