Synthesis, Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of 4-Monoacyl Resorcinol Against Tyrosinase Enzyme

Tyrosinase is a crucial enzyme in melanin production to protect the skin from ultraviolet, leading to skin cancers. This study synthesized eight compounds of acyl resorcinol with long-chain carbon (1-8) and structurally elucidated by 1H and 13C NMR. The in vitro evaluation of eight synthesized compounds against tyrosinase enzyme showed that 4-heptanoyl resorcinol (6) exhibited high inhibitory activity compared with the kojic acid as standard. In addition, the molecular docking study demonstrated that 6 showed lower binding energy (-7.3 kcal/mol) than kojic acid (-6.9 kcal/mol) and possessed interaction with crucial residues in the active site

p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and Kaempferol from Desmodium Triquetrum

Desmodium triquetrum (Fabaceae) is widely distributed in Indonesia and used as herbal medicines for diuretic, hemorrhoids, tonics, and anti-inflammatory. Two known compounds, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and kaempferol (2), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the leaves of Desmodium triquetrum. The structures of isolated compounds were determined based on 1H and 13C NMR data. The MeOH extract showed very active with 6,5 μg/mL in addition, compound (1) and (2) showed weak cytotoxicity against murine cell leukemia P-388 with IC50 55,0 and 24,7 μg/mL, respectively. Compound (1) was the first reported in this species.Keywords: Desmodium triquetrum, kaempferol, p-hydroxybenzoic aci

Synthesis, Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of 4-Monoacyl Resorcinol Against Tyrosinase Enzyme

Tyrosinase is a crucial enzyme in melanin production to protect the skin from ultraviolet, leading to skin cancers. This study synthesized eight compounds of acyl resorcinol with long-chain carbon (1-8) and structurally elucidated by 1H and 13C NMR. The in vitro evaluation of eight synthesized compounds against tyrosinase enzyme showed that 4-heptanoyl resorcinol (6) exhibited high inhibitory activity compared with the kojic acid as standard. In addition, the molecular docking study demonstrated that 6 showed lower binding energy (-7.3 kcal/mol) than kojic acid (-6.9 kcal/mol) and possessed interaction with crucial residues in the active site

Phytochemical, antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activity study of M. candidum leaf aceton extract

M. Candidum has been frequently used as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, haemorrhoids, cuts and wounds, toothache, and stomach ache. This research was aimed to identify the activity of M. candidum acetone extract as an antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and phytochemical. Antibacterial activity test was performed in vitro against each of the two Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by paper disc diffusion method followed by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values. The antioxidant activity of the extract was tested against 2,2-diphenyl1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), while the cytotoxic activity of the extract was evaluated against MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, the identification of secondary metabolite content was determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Activity test results revealed that acetone extract of M.Candidum leaf was activite against four pathogenic bacteria, such as P. acne ATCC (27853), S. saprophyticus ATCC (49907), S. Mutans ATCV (35668), C. freundii ATCC 8090) with inhibition diameter of 5.70 ± 0.17 - 11.23 ± 0.23 with MIC values of 1250 - 2500 μg /mL and MBC between 1250 - > 5000 μg /mL. M.candidum acetone extract has antioxidant and cytotoxic activity with IC50 value = 22.4761 µg / mL and IC50 = 601.09 ug / mL respectively. Also, the results of phytochemical tests indicated that M. candidum acetone extract contained terpenoids and aromatic compounds

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N'-Arylidene-4-Hydroxybenzohydrazides against α-Glucosidase Enzyme

Hydrazides have been reported to have a broad spectrum of bioactivities, such as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, and antidiabetic. Thus, our work aimed to synthesize N'-arylidene-4-hydroxybenzohydrazides and investigate their α-glucosidase inhibition. Three compounds (AD-H1-3) were synthesized with a yield of product from 33 to 65% and then characterized using 1H-and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition demonstrated that AD-H2 possessing two hydroxy groups on arylidene moiety showed the best inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme with an IC50 value of 14.4 µM compared with acarbose as a positive control with IC50 value of 93.6 µM. Thus, AD-H2 could be a candidate as a lead compound for antidiabetics

Phytochemical screening, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity of Coffee parasite acetone extract (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb)

This study aimed to perform a phytochemical screening and test the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of acetone extracts of the Coffee parasite (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb). A phytochemical screen was performed using specific reagents. Antimicrobial testing was performed using the paper disc diffusion method. The antioxidant activity test used the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Anticancer activity test against HeLa and A549 cells based on the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay method. Acetone extract L. ferrugineus Roxb contains alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins compounds. The acetone extract of L. ferrugineus Roxb showed activity against all the bacteria tested, with the inhibition zone diameter ranging from 6.2 mm - 11.1 mm. Acetone extract of L. Ferrugineus Roxb had a very strong antioxidant activity with a value of IC50 = 48.7122 µg/mL. The anticancer activity test showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with a value of IC50 = 47.62 µg/mL and for A549 cells with a value of IC50 = 192.83 µg/mL

Metabolite Profile Evaluation of Indonesian Roasted Robusta Coffees by ¹H NMR Technique and Chemometrics

In this work, 1H NMR analysis, along with a chemometrics approach, had been applied for investigating metabolite profiles of Indonesian roasted Robusta coffees obtained from Lampung and Aceh. In total, 24 compounds had been successfully detected in the 1H NMR spectra of the Robusta coffee extracts. Concentrations of some identified metabolites present in the coffees were determined by the quantitative 1H NMR technique. Orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLSDA) was used as a primary method for the chemometric approach. OPLSDA had classified clearly the Robusta coffee samples corresponding to their origin. Loading plot and S-plot of the OPLSDA revealed characteristic metabolites for each Robusta coffee. The results indicated that quinic acid, mannose, arabinoses, and acetic acid were an important discriminant compound for Lampung Robusta coffees. Meanwhile, lipids, lactic acid, and 5-caffeoylquinic acid were found as characteristic metabolites for Aceh Robusta coffee. This report provided knowledge about the chemical composition of Lampung and Aceh Robusta coffees and shed more light on the diversity of Indonesian Robusta coffees. Furthermore, it confirmed that 1H NMR analysis coupled with chemometrics was a powerful method for evaluating and classifying metabolite profiles of the roasted Robusta coffees

P-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and Kaempferol From Desmodium Triquetrum

Desmodium triquetrum (Fabaceae) is widely distributed in Indonesia and used as herbal medicines for diuretic, hemorrhoids, tonics, and anti-inflammatory. Two known compounds, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and kaempferol (2), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the leaves of Desmodium triquetrum. The structures of isolated compounds were determined based on 1H and 13C NMR data. The MeOH extract showed very active with 6,5 μg/mL in addition, compound (1) and (2) showed weak cytotoxicity against murine cell leukemia P-388 with IC50 55,0 and 24,7 μg/mL, respectively. Compound (1) was the first reported in this species