Subgroup Discovery: Real-World Applications

Subgroup discovery is a data mining technique which extracts interesting rules with respect to a target variable. An important characteristic of this task is the combination of predictive and descriptive induction. In this paper, an overview about subgroup discovery is performed. In addition, di erent real-world applications solved through evolutionary algorithms where the suitability and potential of this type of algorithms for the development of subgroup discovery algorithms are presented

Analysing the Moodle e-learning platform through subgroup discovery algorithms based on evolutionary fuzzy systems

Nowadays, there is a increasing in the use of learning management systems from the universities. This type of systems are also known under other di erent terms as course management systems or learning content management systems. Speci cally, these systems are e-learning platforms o ering di erent facilities for information sharing and communication between the participants in the e-learning process. This contribution presents an experimental study with several subgroup discovery algorithms based on evolutionary fuzzy systems using data from a web-based education system. The main objective of this contribution is to extract unusual subgroups to describe possible relationships between the use of the e-learning platform and marks obtained by the students. The results obtained by the best performing algorithm, NMEEF-SD, are also presented. The most representative results obtained by this algorithm are summarised in order to obtain knowledge that can allow teachers to take actions to improve student performance

Subgroup Discovery trhough Evolutionary Fuzzy Systems applied to Bioinformatic problems

Subgroup discovery is a descriptive data mining technique using supervised learning. This paper presents a summary about the main properties and elements about subgroup discovery task. In addition, we will focus on the suitability and potential of the search performed by evolutionary algorithms in order to apply in the development of subgroup discovery algorithms, and in the use of fuzzy logic which is a soft computing technique very close to the human reasoning. The hybridisation of both techniques are well known as evolutionary fuzzy system. The most relevant applications of evolutionary fuzzy systems for subgroup discovery in the bioinformatics domains are outlined in this work. Specifically, these algorithms are applied to a problem based on the Influenza A virus and the accute sore throat problem

Quantum fields in anti-de Sitter wormholes

We study the effects of asymptotically anti-de Sitter wormholes in low-energy field theory and give a general prescription for obtaining the local effective interaction terms induced by them. The choice of vacuum for the matter fields selects a basis of the Hilbert space of anti-de Sitter wormholes whose elements can be interpreted as states containing a given number of particles. This interpretation is subject to the same kind of ambiguity in the definition of a particle as that arising from quantum field theory in curved spacetime

SPACE USE, DIURNAL MOVEMENT, AND ROOSTING OF A VARIEGATED ANTPITTA (GRALLARIA VARIA) IN CENTRAL AMAZONIA

Abstract ∙ The Variegated Antpitta (Grallaria varia) is the largest member of the terrestrial insectivores guild within its Amazonian range. Despite the bird’s large size and loud vocalizations, however, basic aspects of G. varia’s natural history remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted intensive tracking of one individual in a nature reserve in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, describing ‐ for the first time with radio telemetry ‐ space use, movement patterns, and roosting sites of G. varia. Over the course of 50 days in July and August 2017, the tracked individual moved slowly through a home range covering ∼ 17.6 ha and was generally quiet, singing at only two of 68 locations that together comprised its home range. Of five roosting sites, four included visual observations where the bird slept 3–7 (mean 4.5) m aboveground in relatively open mid‐story trees. We found no evidence of commutes to regular roost sites as all nocturnal locations were located close (mean 59.6 m, range 24–101 m) to the most recent diurnal locations. Slow movements on the ground without commutes to foraging or roosting sites help explain low capture rates in mist nets for this species. Our telemetry data suggest that G. varia home range may be larger than previously estimated in studies that relied heavily on bird vocalizations to determine area needs, though such methods may yield adequate results at times when birds vocalize frequently. Regardless, large area requirements help to explain the disappearance of G. varia documented in tropical forest fragments.Resumo ∙ Uso do espaço, movimento diurno e áreas de dormitório do tovacuçu (Grallaria varia) na Amazônia Central O tovacuçu (Grallaria varia) é o maior dos insetívoros terrestres dentro da sua distribuição na Amazônia. Apesar do seu tamanho e vocalizações altas, alguns aspectos básicos da história natural de G. varia ainda são pouco compreendidos. Neste estudo, nós realizamos o rastreamento intensivo de um indivíduo em uma reserva natural no estado do Amazonas, Brasil, descrevendo ‐ pela primeira vez com rádio‐telemetria ‐ o uso do espaço, padrões de movimento, e poleiros noturnos de G. varia. Durante 50 dias em julho e agosto de 2017, este indivíduo de G. varia moveu‐se lentamente na sua área de vida (cobrindo aproximadamente 17,9 ha) geralmente em silêncio, cantando somente em duas das 68 localizações que, juntas, formam sua área de vida. Dos cinco poleiros noturnos encontrados, quatro incluíram observações visuais onde a ave dormiu de 3 a 7 (média 4,5) m acima do solo, em um ambiente relativamente aberto no sub‐bosque. Não encontramos evidência de viagens regulares para poleiros usados a noite, uma vez que todos os poleiros noturnos estavam perto (média 59,6; amplitude 24–101 m) das localizações diurnas mais recentes do indivíduo. Mo‐vimentos lentos no solo, sem deslocamentos para sítios de forrageamento ou poleiros noturnos, ajudam a explicar a baixa taxa de captura em redes‐de‐neblina para esta espécie. Os dados de telemetria sugerem que a área de vida de G. varia é maior do que se estimava previamente em estudos que se baseavam principalmente em vocalizações para determinar o seu tamanho, embora tais métodos possam produzir resultados adequados quando as aves vocalizam com frequência. O requerimento de grandes áreas de vida ajuda a explicar o desaparecimento de registros de G. varia em fragmentos de floresta tropical

Examining the role of wine brand love on brand loyalty: a multi-country comparison

This study develops and tests a model through a multi-country study that considers consumer wine knowledge and wine experience, wine brand trust and wine brand satisfaction as antecedents of wine brand love, and wine brand loyalty as a consequence of wine brand love. Data were collected in five wine-producing countries (Australia, Chile, France, Mexico and Portugal) with a final sample of 3462 completed surveys. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling and the findings confirm the importance of brand love as both a mediator and direct influence on brand loyalty for wine consumers. Furthermore, brand satisfaction was positively and significantly related to brand love. In addition, wine experience, rather than wine knowledge, positively influenced brand trust and satisfaction. Finally, results also identify differences between countries thereby providing insights into how companies should focus their marketing strategies internationally.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Supervised Descriptive Rule Discovery: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art

The supervised descriptive rule discovery concept groups a set of data mining techniques whose objective is to describe data with respect to a property of interest. Among the techniques within this concept are the subgroup discovery, emerging patterns and contrast sets. This contribution presents the supervised descriptive rule discovery concept within the data mining literature. Specifically, it is important to remark the main di erence with respect to other existing techniques within classification or description. In addition, a a survey of the state-of-the-art about the different techniques within supervised descriptive rule discovery throughout the literature can be observed. The paper allows to the experts to analyse the compatibilities between terms and heuristics of the different data mining tasks within this concept

Uso eficiente de la energía eléctrica en vivienda y otros sistemas de baja tensión

En el uso eficiente de energía eléctrica, hay estrategias que no implican invertir en tecnología costosa (como los sistemas fotovoltaicos). Existen soluciones acotadas, económicas o sin costo de inversión, que se basan en el conocimiento de cuánta energía se usa en el sistema y cómo. Estas medidas implican esfuerzo y cambios en la conducta de los usuarios. Estudios de campo han demostrado que, aplicando estas estrategias, es posible tener ahorro hasta de 50% en el pago por consumo de energía; adicionalmente, se reduce también la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI).ITESO, A.C

Estimates of Mortality Benefit From Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics: A Dose Response Meta-Analysis

Background Several studies have shown an inverse relationship between ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) and mortality. However, there are no studies that pool these data to show the shape of the relationship and quantify the mortality benefit from ideal CVH. Methods and Results We conducted a systematic internet literature search of multiple databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus for longitudinal studies assessing the relationship between ideal CVH and mortality in adults, published between January 1, 2010, and May 31, 2017. We included studies that assessed the relationship between ideal CVH and mortality in populations that were initially free of cardiovascular disease. We conducted a dose‐response meta‐analysis generating both study‐specific and pooled trends from the correlated log hazard ratio estimates of mortality across categories of ideal CVH metrics. A total of 6 studies were included in the meta‐analysis. All of the studies indicated a linear decrease in (cardiovascular disease and all‐cause) mortality with increasing ideal CVH metrics. Overall, each unit increase in CVH metrics was associated with a pooled hazard ratio for cardiovascular disease mortality of 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.87), while each unit increase in ideal CVH metrics was associated with a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.86–0.93) for all‐cause mortality. Conclusions Our meta‐analysis showed a strong inverse linear dose‐response relationship between ideal CVH metrics and both all‐cause and cardiovascular disease–related mortality. This study suggests that even modest improvements in CVH is associated with substantial mortality benefit, thus providing a strong public health message advocating for even the smallest improvements in lifestyle