471 research outputs found

    Ability Tracking, School Competition, and the Distribution of Educational Benefits

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    To study the effects of ability grouping on school competition, we develop a theoretical and computational model of tracking in public and private schools. We examine tracking's consequences for the allocation of students of differing abilities and income within and between public and private schools. Private schools tend to attract the most able and wealthiest students, and rarely track in equilibrium. Public sector schools can maximize attendance by tracking students. Public schools retain a greater proportion of higher-ability students by tracking, but lose more wealthy, lower-ability students to the private sector. Consequently, socioeconomic status is a predictor of track assignment in public schools. For the entire population, public-sector tracking has small aggregate effects on achievement and welfare, but results in significant redistribution from lower- to higher-ability students.

    Feasibility and cost analysis of implementing high intensity aphasia clinics within a sub-acute setting

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    The current study explored the clinical feasibility and costs of embedding three different intensive service delivery models for aphasia treatment (computer, group therapy, and therapy with a speech pathology therapy assistant) within three sub-acute facilities. The study employed a two cohort comparison design, with the first cohort (n = 22) receiving the standard service of treatment currently offered. This treatment was delivered by a speech-language pathologist and involved on average 3 hours of treatment/week over 8 weeks. Participants in the second cohort (n = 31) received one of the three intensive treatment models providing up to 9 hours of therapy/week for 11 weeks. Organizational data was collected throughout treatment, with participant, caregiver, and clinician satisfaction with the intensive models also being measured. Participants completed the spoken language production sub-tests and the Disability Questionnaire of the Comprehensive Aphasia Test (CAT) pre- and post-treatment. All intensive models yielded high participant attendance, satisfaction, and significant improvements to the CAT sub-tests. The pro-rata cost of providing treatment per hour per client for the computer and group therapy models was found to be ̃ 30% cheaper compared to the standard service. The outcomes support the potential feasibility of embedding the different models into sub-acute facilities to enhance client access to intensive treatment for aphasia

    Georgia School District Leaders Perspectives on Parent Engagement and Transitions

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    Of the four million American children who start school each year, as many as one-third are unprepared to learn. Many never catch up. The reasons are complex, but clearly the multitude of systems that should be supporting young children too often fail in that mission – from family to schools to government.In reaction, W.K. Kellogg Foundation launched Supporting Partnerships to Assure Ready Kids (SPARK), an initiative designed to unite communities so that all children can be successful before and after they enter school. SPARK fosters partnerships of selected communities, schools, state agencies and families to ensure that they work together effectively for the early learning of children. With the initiative serving as a catalyst or "spark," the goal is to ensure that vulnerable children are ready for school and that schools are ready for children

    Protecting the Coast Over Time: Interview with Four Maine Coast Heritage Trust Staff Members

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    Since its founding in 1970, Maine Coast Heritage Trust—our only statewide land trust focused on the entire coast—has had an extraordinary impact on coastal protection. Working on hundreds of projects with partners from Kittery to Lubec, MCHT has helped conserve almost 180,000 acres and 335 islands. It holds more than 300 conservation easements and owns and stewards more than 155 public preserves. Protected sites include scenic islands and shorelines, working waterfronts, water-access sites, active farmlands, and community parks, trails, and greenspaces. In addition to its work on individual conservation projects, MCHT was instrumental in establishing the Land Trust Alliance, the nation’s leading land conservation advocacy group (1981); Land for Maine’s Future program (1987); and many Maine land trusts. My interview with four senior staff members took place in May 2023

    Religious beliefs and motivation to study medicine at a public University

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    Introducción: El estudio de la religión en estudiantes de medicina ha sido poco abordado, y ninguno relacionándola con la motivación por estudiar la carrera. Objetivo: Analizar las creencias religiosas y la motivación para estudiar medicina. Método: Investigación descriptiva, en 147 estudiantes cursantes de primer año de la Licenciatura en medicina. El análisis, se hizo a través cuadros de distribución de frecuencias y asociación, con cifras absolutas y porcentajes y gráficos. Como medida de relación, se usó el Ji2 en las variables nominales, la prueba de Spearman con las variables de rango, y la prueba Z para comparación de porcentajes haciendo uso del programa SPSS v. 17.0 para Windows. Resultados: Se encontró un rango de edad 17 a 26 años, mediana 19±0,5 años y predominio del sexo femenino. Un 51,7% estuvieron motivados a estudiar medicina por el interés clínico y por la ciencia, seguido de la vocación de servicio (51%) y la razón por la cual estudiaron medicina fue por mayor nivel cultural y realización personal en 68,2%. En cuanto a la religión, la mayoría eran católicos (85,03%). La correlación entre religión y vocación, fue baja y positiva (rhö=0,11), mientras se encontró una correlación baja y negativa de la religión con el interés clínico por la ciencia (rhö= -0,13). Conclusiones: Se concluye que en la muestra la correlación de la motivación con la religión, fue diferente según el tipo de motivación, si bien esta correlación fue baja.Introduction: Religion´s study in medical students has received poor attention, and none relating to the motivation for studying. Objective: to analyze religious beliefs and motivation to study medicine. Methods: Descriptive, in 147 trainees from first year Master's degree in medicine. The analysis was made through distribution of frequencies and association with absolute figures and percentages and graphics. We used the Ji2 to nominal variables, Spearman test range variables, and the Z test for comparison of percentages by using the SPSS v. 17.0 for Windows to relationship. Results: an age range 17 to 26 years old was found, medium 19±0.5 years and predominance of the female sex. A 51.7% were motivated to study medicine in the clinical interest and science; it was followed by the vocation of service (51%), and the reason to study medicine did for higher cultural level and personal accomplishment at 68.2%. In terms of religion, the majority were Catholic (85.03%). The correlation between religion and vocation, was low and positive (rho = 0.1110), while a low and negative correlation of religion was found with the clinical interest in science (rho = - 0.1345). Conclusions: It is concluded that in the sample correlation of motivation with religion was different depending on the type of motivation, although this correlation was low

    An applied printing immunoassay with recombinant Nc-SAG1 for detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in cattle

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    Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes an important reproductive disease in cattle. Neospora caninum surface antigen 1 (Nc-SAG1) is an immunodominant candidate for the development of a diagnostic reagent for neosporosis. The current study describes the development and evaluation of an antigen print immunoassay (APIA) with recombinant Nc-SAG1 for the detection of specific antibodies to N. caninum in cattle. The concordance between APIA and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated with 232 serum samples from experimentally and naturally infected cattle. Sixty-one (26.7%) samples were positive for antibodies to N. caninum by ELISA and 58 (25.4%) by APIA. The new assay had a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 96%. These results, along with the potential of APIA to evolve into a multiple antigen detection format, suggest that this method would be a reliable diagnostic test for detection of antibodies to N. caninum in cattle.Fil: Wilkowsky, Silvina Elizabeth. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Gimenez Bareiro, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Mon, Maria Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias Castelar; ArgentinaFil: Moore, Dadin Prando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Agencia de Extensión Rural Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Caspe, Gastón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Campero, Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Fort, Marcelo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Romano, Maria Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias Castelar; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

    El Delito de Hurto por Medios Informáticos

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    Es innegable que las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han adquirido relevancia, a través del desarrollo y modernización de los sistemas computarizados de gestión, almacenamiento y transmisión de información, permitiendo su masiva difusión e innovación, sin embargo, no se puede perder de vista el riesgo del cometimiento de nuevas modalidades delictivas, como lo es el delito de hurto por medios Informáticos. Al ver ambas caras de esta nueva realidad, se advierte que, pese a los beneficios de la tecnología en la actualidad, su inserción en el marco jurídico regulatorio no ha sido lo suficientemente veloz, generando vacíos legales, que colocan dichas actividades en un entorno de inseguridad jurídica. La complejidad de los medios empleados para la comisión del delito de hurto por medios informáticos, dificulta la obtención y producción de la prueba, afectando con ello la apreciación de los hechos y circunstancias que son objeto del proceso por parte del Juzgador, disminuyendo con ello la posibilidad de una sentencia de carácter condenatoria. El presente estudio recae sobre el delito de Hurto por medios Informáticos y la labor probatoria pericial, su obtención, las medidas de seguridad que se requieren y su valoración en el proceso penal, considerando necesario establecer la naturaleza jurídica y científica de la labor pericial en el ámbito de conocimiento e intervención del perito informático forense dentro del proceso penal; esto complementado con el desarrollo tecnológico investigativo, pues para hacer frente a esta realidad se necesita apoyo de personal técnico informático capacitado, el cual debe estar dotado de nuevos y modernos medios probatorios, sustentados en soportes técnicos

    Addressing COVID-19 in the surgical ICU: Incidence of antibodies in healthcare personnel at a quaternary care center

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    Background: There is concern that frontline healthcare personnel (HCP) are at increased risk of exposure to COVID-19 compared to the general population. Multiple studies have demonstrated significant seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies in HCP. Increased seropositivity has been associated with reduced use of personal protective equipment (PPE) along with reported PPE shortages. This investigation aims to determine the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in frontline HCP working at a quaternary care center that was heavily impacted by the initial surge of COVID-19, while also identifying underlying factors associated with increased seropositivity. Methods & Materials: HCP who participated in the management of COVID-19 patients were recruited from April 27 to May 13 of 2020. Unidentifiable demographic data was collected, including a questionnaire to identify potential exposure, symptoms, medical comorbidities, and adherence to PPE usage on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 being always, 5 being never). Serological testing was performed using CMC-19D SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Rapid Antibody Test manufactured by Audacia Bioscience. Seropositivity was captured by formation of a dark band at the G (IgG) and C (control) positions on the test device, while IgM alone was considered a false positive. Pearson chi-squared and Fisher exact tests were performed to analyze categorical variables. SPSS version 27.0 was used for statistical analysis (SPSS, Armonk, NY). Conclusion: Overall seropositivity of IgG antibodies was 10.6%. Non-ICU personnel showed higher seroprevalence compared to ICU personnel, this may be attributed to decreased reported adherence to strict PPE usage in non-ICU areas compared to ICU areas during patient contact. Compared to MICU, SICU personnel appeared to be less compliant with frequency of PPE use outside patient rooms. Adherence to PPE usage outside patient contact was a predictor of seropositivity, and non-ICU personnel had a tendency toward high seroprevalence.https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/sarcd2021/1003/thumbnail.jp
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