A Short Term Test for Carcinogenicity: Mouse Embryo Tissue Homografts in BALB/c Strain Mice

RoUS AND SMITH (1945) drew attention to the fact that embryo skin of BALB/c strain mice if minced and inoculated into the thigh muscle of adults of the same strain would survive and differentiate, and that by including methylcholanthrene in the inoculum, squamous carcinomas could be induced in the implantation cysts. The same procedure failed to yield such clear-cut results using other strains of mice. Our procedure for short term testing of substances for carcinogenic potential derived from these observations, is described below. It is essentially simple and we feel it is worth mentioning certain manipulations which permit a rapid turnover of material. Our experiments also confirm that " c " mice are the most satisfactory to use. MATERIAL AND METHODS Source of implant material BALB/c strain female mice were segregated into individual boxes when obviously pregnant, and when within 48 hours of term were killed by cervica

The Role of Relationship and Other Factors Associated with Condom Use Intention Among Young American Indian Men Ages 18 to 24 Years Old

The purpose of this study was to investigate the heterosexual relationship factors that were associated with condom use intention for STI prevention in a purposive sample of American Indian men. The sample was drawn from the Fort Peck Reservations in northeastern Montana. The sample size included 122 American Indian men ages 18 to 24. The theory of planned behavior and interdependence theory provided the theoretical basis for the study. Seventy- seven percent of the young men reported being in a steady relationship with 60.3% agreeing that they were committed to maintaining their relationship with their current partner. Relationship duration and type and control of condom use was significantly associated with condom use intention for STI prevention. In addition control of condom use and relationship commitment was significantly associated with condom use communication. Regression results suggest that relationship duration, moderate or high participation in condom use decision making and female control of condom use are positively associated with moderately or extremely likely use of condoms in the future. The results from this study suggest that American Indian men are in need of culturally relevant sexual risk prevention efforts that address relationship factors to help reduce STIs in this population

Integrating Gender into Small-Scale Irrigation

Integrating Gender into Small-Scale Irrigatio

Using a fingertip whole blood sample for rapid fatty acid measurement: Method validation and correlation with erythrocyte polar lipid compositions in UK subjects

It is well accepted that n-3 long-chain PUFA intake is positively associated with a range of health benefits. However, while benefits have been clearly shown, especially for CVD, the mechanisms for prevention/benefit are less understood. Analysis of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids (PL) have been used to measure the status of the highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), especially EPA (20 : 5n-3) and DHA (22 : 6n-3), although the time and complexity of the process places limitations on the sample numbers analysed. An assay has been developed using whole blood, collected by finger prick, and stored on absorbant paper, subjected to direct methylation and fatty acids quantified by automated GC. Tests on fatty acid stability show that blood samples are stable when stored at - 20°C for 1 month although some loss of HUFA was seen at 4°C. A total of fifty-one patients, including twenty-seven who consumed no fatty acid supplements, provided a blood sample for analysis. Concentrations of all major fatty acids were measured in erythrocyte PL and whole blood. The major HUFA, including EPA, DHA and arachidonic acid (ARA; 20 : 4n-6), as well as the ARA:EPA ratio and the percentage n-3 HUFA/total HUFA all showed good correlations, between erythrocyte PL and whole blood. Values of r2 ranged from 0·48 for ARA to 0·95 for the percentage of n-3 HUFA/total HUFA. This assay provides a non-invasive, rapid and reliable method of HUFA quantification with the percentage of n-3 HUFA value providing a potential blood biomarker for large-scale nutritional trials

Prospectus, November 2, 1983

PARKLAND PLACES FIRST AT MORGAN NATIONALS; News Digest; Reisner\u27s Spanish classes never alike, some become like family; Letter to the editor; Finding single success; PALS show no apathy; Ewen chosen 1 out of 11 in U.S.; Grants available; High school students tour PC; Stugo update; Thanks for Tonia; Operator honored; Cablevision courses; Cards lift spirits; No quick way out of war for Marines; Illinois precipitation remains low says State Water Survey; SIDS--the quiet killer; Longer days and years; Students play in clay; Scarcity of skilled workers remain; More flood research needed; Ceramics students work hard in pottery field; Vietnam: A search for truth; Dead Zone is taut thriller; Cougar Mellencamp-- Uh-Huh ; Chemical people on WILL; Doors not the same without Morrison; Plan a trip around the world with Sesame Street; Hilarious side of sex; Benatar shows poor effort; Entertainment News; Classified; Brown wins Freddy; Ways to achieving super health; Fast Freddy Contesthttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1983/1006/thumbnail.jp

Gender, Assets, and Agricultural Development Programs: A Conceptual Framework

Being able to access, control, and own productive assets such as land, labor, finance, and social capital enables people to create stable and productive lives. Yet relatively little is known about how agricultural development programs can most effectively deliver these outcomes of well-being, empowerment, and higher income in a way that acknowledges differential access to and control over assets by men and women. After reviewing the literature on gender and assets, this paper offers a conceptual framework for understanding the gendered pathways through which asset accumulation occurs, including attention to not only men's and women's assets but also those they share in joint control and ownership. Unlike previous frameworks, this model depicts the gendered dimensions of each component of the pathway in recognition of the evidence that men and women not only control, own, or dispose of assets in different ways, but also access, control, and own different kinds of assets. The framework generates gender-specific hypotheses that can be tested empirically: i) Different types of assets enable different livelihoods, with a greater stock and diversity of assets being associated with more diverse livelihoods and better well-being outcomes; ii) Men and women use different types of assets to cope with different types of shocks; iii) Interventions that increase men's and women's stock of a particular asset improve the bargaining power of the individual(s) who control that asset; and iv) Interventions and policies that reduce the gender gap in assets are better able to achieve development outcomes related to food security, health, and nutrition and other aspects of well-being related to agency and empowerment. The implications of these gender differences for designing agricultural development interventions to increase asset growth and returns to assets as well as for value chain development are discussed. Based on this analysis, additional gaps in knowledge and possible investigations to address them are identified

The Ursinus Weekly, October 25, 1954

Mims Lawley crowned queen of Varsity Club homecoming • Chem. society tours refinery • Rabbi to address YM-YWCA • UC Messiah chorus largest in history • UC grad gains re-appointment • Curtain Club plans courtroom scene • Four Y commissioners plan program ideas • Rev. Gonser Founder\u27s Day speaker; 5 degrees conferred • Who will U.C. put in power? • Concerts available to music group • Bible study class meets • 62 Ursinus students appear on evasive Dean\u27s list • Truth about Stine? • Football holiday??? • Hazel strikes! • 24-hour call crew • Girl ex-leather-neck in South? • Lantern seeks to make its lamp brighter • Ursinus spirit and the freshmen • Hot off the stove!!! • Mr. Everything on campus • Honor system topic at WSGA meeting • Rabbi Schorsch to speak to SWC Wed. • Lafayette downs Bears in twin overtime 4-3 • Booster officers elected • Nutley tennis star • Curtis Hall sweeps I-M football crown • Belles preparing for all-college tourney • Bears tie Garnet in last 90 seconds: 28-yard pass to Krasley Garner\u27s 20-20 deadlock • Wagner drops fifth straight; Juniata trips Dickinson 31-0 • Belles bow to West Chester 5-3; U.C. Jayvees lose • Wynia, Moliter elected to Booster Committee postshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1457/thumbnail.jp

Adding Fish Oil to Whey Protein, Leucine and Carbohydrate Over a 6 Week Supplementation Period Attenuates Muscle Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise in Competitive Soccer Players

Soccer players often experience eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage given the physical demands of soccer match-play. Since long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) enhance muscle sensitivity to protein supplementation, dietary supplementation with a combination of fish oil-derived n-3PUFA, protein, and carbohydrate may promote exercise recovery. This study examined the influence of adding n-3PUFA to a whey protein, leucine, and carbohydrate containing beverage over a six-week supplementation period on physiological markers of recovery measured over three days following eccentric exercise. Competitive soccer players were assigned to one of three conditions (2 × 200 mL): a fish oil supplement beverage (FO; n = 10) that contained n-3PUFA (1100 mg DHA/EPA - approximately 550 mg DHA, 550 mg EPA), whey protein (15 g), leucine (1.8 g), and carbohydrate (20 g); a protein supplement beverage (PRO; n = 10) that contained whey protein (15 g), leucine (1.8 g), and carbohydrate (20 g); and a carbohydrate supplement beverage (CHO; n = 10) that contained carbohydrate (24 g). Eccentric exercise consisted of unilateral knee extension/flexion contractions on both legs separately. Maximal force production was impaired by 22% during the 72-hour recovery period following eccentric exercise (p < 0.05). Muscle soreness, expressed as area under the curve (AUC) during 72-hour recovery, was less in FO (1948 ± 1091 mm × 72 h) than PRO (4640 ± 2654 mm × 72 h, p < 4 0.05) and CHO (4495 ± 1853 mm × 72 h, p = 0.10). Blood concentrations of creatine kinase, expressed as AUC, were ~60% lower in FO compared to CHO (p < 0.05) and tended to be lower (~39%, p = 0.07) than PRO. No differences in muscle function, soccer performance, or blood c-reactive protein concentrations were observed between groups. In conclusion, the addition of n-3PUFA to a beverage containing whey protein, leucine, and carbohydrate ameliorates the increase in muscle soreness and blood concentrations of creatine kinase following eccentric exercise in competitive soccer players