YOU RECRUIT WHO YOU ARE: THE QUALITY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARINE RECRUITER AND ENLISTEE

In recruiting, the phrase “you recruit who you are” describes a presumed relationship—recruiters attract and enlist individuals who are similar to themselves or within their in-group. This research evaluates the correlation of high-quality recruiters on high-quality enlistees. For the 264,681 recruiter-enlistee pairs from 2011 to 2019, quality is defined and determined for both recruiters and enlistees with five metrics using DOD enlistment standards and Marine Corps promotion and retention standards. I use linear probability models with RSS fixed effects and year fixed effects to hold constant market conditions and variations across years. Based on the five metrics, I find that high-quality recruiters have a consistently positive estimated effect on high-quality enlistees across all metrics with several effects statistically significant. I surmise that, by determining which Marines are high-quality prior to their assignment to recruiting, the Marine Corps may affect the quality of the enlistees at accession. Because force design necessitates higher-quality accessions, this thesis therefore recommends that the Marine Corps consider sending more high-quality Marines to recruiting duty to potentially improve the quality of the warfighting organization. Conversely, if the Marine Corps does not prioritize and send high-quality Marines to recruiting duty, then the Marine Corps may pay the price with lower quality enlistees.Captain, United States Marine CorpsApproved for public release. distribution is unlimite

5-Methoxyl Participation in Solvolysis and Secondary Deuterium Isotope Effects

Specifically deuterated 4-methoxy-1-pentyl broij\u27ylates (IP- 1,1-d2, IP-2,2-d2) and 5-methoxy-2-pentyl brosylates (IS-2-d, 1S- -1 ,1,1 - d3, 1S-OCD3) were prepared, their solvolysis rates measured in 950/o ethanol and the corresponding kinetic secondary deuterium isotope effects calculated. It was found that the a-effects are strongly reduced in magnitude, which is in contrast with results obtained with several compounds solvolyzing via n- or CJ-participation. The effect found with IP-l,1-d2 (kHfkD = 0.96) is significantly different from the one measured with IS-2-d (kHfkD = 1.06). This difference in the magnitude of the effects must reflect a relatively small difference in the structures of the two transition states, since both IP and IS solvolyze via the same intermediate 2. It is concluded that the magnitude of the u- effP.ct is a sensitive measure of the amount of bridging only if the new bond is already quite strong in the transition state. B-Deuterated brosylates give small effects which differ in magnitude (kH/kD = 0.96 with IP-2,2-d2 and 1.08 with IS-1,1,1-da) corroborating the conclusion that the new C-0 bond is strong in the transition state of both reactions but stronger with IP than with IS. Results obtained in this work are in accord with the earlier conclusion that reduced B-effects in solvolysis of exo-2-norbornyl, 3-cholesteryl, cyclobutyl and 1-methylcyclobutyl derivatives are due to bridging. The inverse isotope effect obtained with IS-OCD3 (kH/kD=0.95) is »inductive« in origin and indicates that the methoxy oxygen bears a considerable amount of positive charge in the reaction transition state

CD-ROM publication of the Mars digital cartographic data base

The recently completed Mars mosaicked digital image model (MDIM) and the soon-to-be-completed Mars digital terrain model (DTM) are being transcribed to optical disks to simplify distribution to planetary investigators. These models, completed in FY 1991, provide a cartographic base to which all existing Mars data can be registered. The digital image map of Mars is a cartographic extension of a set of compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) volumes containing individual Viking Orbiter images now being released. The data in these volumes are pristine in the sense that they were processed only to the extent required to view them as images. They contain the artifacts and the radiometric, geometric, and photometric characteristics of the raw data transmitted by the spacecraft. This new set of volumes, on the other hand, contains cartographic compilations made by processing the raw images to reduce radiometric and geometric distortions and to form geodetically controlled MDIM's. It also contains digitized versions of an airbrushed map of Mars as well as a listing of all feature names approved by the International Astronomical Union. In addition, special geodetic and photogrammetric processing has been performed to derive rasters of topographic data, or DTM's. The latter have a format similar to that of MDIM, except that elevation values are used in the array instead of image brightness values. The set consists of seven volumes: (1) Vastitas Borealis Region of Mars; (2) Xanthe Terra of Mars; (3) Amazonis Planitia Region of Mars; (4) Elysium Planitia Region of Mars; (5) Arabia Terra of Mars; (6) Planum Australe Region of Mars; and (7) a digital topographic map of Mars

Migration Intentions of Ghanaian Medical Students: The Influence of existing Funding Mechanisms of Medical Education("The Fee Factor")

Background: To explore the effects of fee paying status on migration intentions of Ghanaian medical students.Design: Cross sectional questionnaire based survey Setting: All established Ghanaian medical schools with students in their clinical years Participants: Fee-paying and non-fee-paying Ghanaian medical students in their clinical yearsInterventions: NoneMain outcome measures: Migration intentions of Ghanaian medical students after graduation, Allegiance to Government of GhanaResults: Approximately half (49%) of the medical students surveyed had intentions of migrating after school. Over 48% of those with migration intentions plan on doing so immediately after completing their house job, while 44% plan to migrate at least one year after their house job. The most popular destination chosen by the potential migrant doctors was North America (38%). Fee-paying students were significantly more likely (OR=2.11, CI=1.32, 3.38) than non-fee-paying students to have intentions of migrating after their training. Secondly, fee-paying students were more likely (OR=9.66, CI=4.42, 21.12) than non-fee paying students to feel they owe no allegiance to the Government of Ghana because of their fee-paying status.Conclusions: Medical Students’ fee-paying status affects their intentions to migrate and their allegiance to the country after completion of their training.Keywords: Migration intention, fee paying, medical students, allegianc

Shoulder Check:Investigating Shoulder Injury Rates, Types, Severity, Mechanisms, and Risk Factors in Canadian Youth Ice Hockey

Objective: To describe shoulder-related injury rates, types, severity, mechanisms, and risk factors in youth ice hockey players during games and practices. Study Design: Secondary analysis of data from a 5-year prospective cohort study Safeto-Play (2013-2018). Subjects: Overall, 4419 individual players (representing 6585 player-seasons; 3806 males: 613 females) participated. During this period, 118 primary shoulder-related game injuries and 12 practice injuries were reported. Outcome Measures: Injury surveillance data was collected from 2013-2018 (time-loss or medical attention injuries). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and injury rates with 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression. An exploratory multivariable mixed-effects Poisson regression model (clustering by team and offset by exposure hours) examined risk factors. Results: The shoulder injury rate was 0.70 injuries/1000 game-hours (95% CI 0.371.33) and 0.07 injuries/1000 practice-hours (95% CI 0.04-0.12). Two-thirds of game injuries (n=79, 69%) resulted in >8 days of time-loss, and more than one-third (n=44, 39%) resulted in >28 days of time-loss. An 82% lower rate of shoulder injury was associated with policy prohibiting body checking compared to leagues allowing body checking [IRR=0.18 (95% CI 0.10-0.32)]. A higher shoulder injury rate was seen for those who reported any injury in the last 12-months compared to those with no history [IRR=2.32 (95% CI 1.57-3.41)]. Conclusions: Most shoulder injuries resulted in more than one week of time-loss. Risk factors for shoulder injury included participation in a body checking league and history of injury in the previous 12 months. Further study of prevention strategies specific to the shoulder may merit further consideration in ice hockey

Shoulder Check:Investigating Shoulder Injury Rates, Types, Severity, Mechanisms, and Risk Factors in Canadian Youth Ice Hockey

Objective: To describe shoulder-related injury rates, types, severity, mechanisms, and risk factors in youth ice hockey players during games and practices. Study Design: Secondary analysis of data from a 5-year prospective cohort study Safeto-Play (2013-2018). Subjects: Overall, 4419 individual players (representing 6585 player-seasons; 3806 males: 613 females) participated. During this period, 118 primary shoulder-related game injuries and 12 practice injuries were reported. Outcome Measures: Injury surveillance data was collected from 2013-2018 (time-loss or medical attention injuries). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and injury rates with 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression. An exploratory multivariable mixed-effects Poisson regression model (clustering by team and offset by exposure hours) examined risk factors. Results: The shoulder injury rate was 0.70 injuries/1000 game-hours (95% CI 0.371.33) and 0.07 injuries/1000 practice-hours (95% CI 0.04-0.12). Two-thirds of game injuries (n=79, 69%) resulted in >8 days of time-loss, and more than one-third (n=44, 39%) resulted in >28 days of time-loss. An 82% lower rate of shoulder injury was associated with policy prohibiting body checking compared to leagues allowing body checking [IRR=0.18 (95% CI 0.10-0.32)]. A higher shoulder injury rate was seen for those who reported any injury in the last 12-months compared to those with no history [IRR=2.32 (95% CI 1.57-3.41)]. Conclusions: Most shoulder injuries resulted in more than one week of time-loss. Risk factors for shoulder injury included participation in a body checking league and history of injury in the previous 12 months. Further study of prevention strategies specific to the shoulder may merit further consideration in ice hockey

Multiple primary melanomas in a CDKN2A mutation carrier exposed to ionizing radiation

Background: Recent research has shown a possible causal relationship between ionizing radiation exposure and melanoma. Individuals with mutations in CDKN2A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A), the major melanoma predisposition gene, have an increased susceptibility to melanoma-promoting exposures, such as UV light. We describe a patient from a familial melanoma pedigree with 7 primary melanomas on the right side of her body, the first occurring 5 years after exposure to atmospheric nuclear bomb testing in the 1950s. Observations: Physical examination revealed phototype I skin, red hair, and 26 nevi (14 on the right and 12 on the left side of her body). One nevus was larger than 5 mm, and 2 were clinically atypical. Sequence analysis demonstrated a known deleterious mutation in CDKN2A (G-34T) and homozygosity for a red hair color variant in MC1R (melanocortin 1 receptor) (R151C). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of blood, fibroblasts, and melanocytes from both upper extremities ruled out mosaicism. Conclusions: Individuals such as this patient, who has CDKN2A and MC1R mutations, are likely to be more susceptible to environmental insults. A careful review of environmental exposures in these vulnerable cases may reveal cancer-promoting agents, such as ionizing radiation, that go unnoticed in less susceptible populations

Bisexual women's understandings of social marginalisation: 'The heterosexuals don't understand US but nor do the lesbians'

Drawing on interviews with 20 self-identified bisexual women, this paper contributes to the limited psychological literature on bisexual women by exploring their experiences of social marginalisation. These (mainly white and middle class) British bisexual women reported that they did not feel at home in either lesbian or lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities, nor in the wider (heteronormative) society. They identified a number of understandings - bisexuality as a temporary phase on the path to a fully realised lesbian or heterosexual identity and bisexuals as immature, confused, greedy, untrustworthy, highly sexual and incapable of monogamy - which they reported as arising from lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities and the wider society. The women refuted these accounts which they stated did not reflect their experiences of bisexual identity and which positioned bisexuality as invisible and invalid. © The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav