The Role of Whole Bone Marrow Cells in Scar Formation after Reperfusion of Myocardial Infarction in a Mouse Model

Koronare Herzkrankheit und Myokardinfarkt sind assoziiert mit signifikanter Morbidität und Mortalität. Eine frühe Reperfusion des Myokardinfarkts wird therapeutisch angestrebt, aber der nachfolgende Gewebeumbau geht mit einer hohen Komplikationsrate einher. Unter innovativen therapeutischen Ansätzen wurde in den letzten Jahren die Zellersatztherapie erprobt, die über einen verbesserten Gewebeumbau und eine verminderte Narbengröße Verbesserungen im Langzeitüberleben und Funktion zu erzielen versucht. Wir untersuchten daher die Rolle von i.v. verabreichten Knochenmarkszellen nach Myokardinfarkt in einem Mausmodel. Die Herzen wurden funktionell untersucht und für histologische und morphometrische Auswertung sowie mRNA-Expressionsmessungen (RT-PCR) verarbeitet. Kontrollmäuse bekamen PBS injiziert und zeigten eine rasche Entwicklung einer stabilen Myokardnarbe nach 7 Tagen Reperfusion, die bis nach 28 Tagen unverändert blieb. Injektion von Knochenmarkszellen unmittelbar nach Reperfusion führte zur signifikant besseren Pumpfunktion und geringerer Narbengröße nach 28 Tagen Reperfusion. Injektion von Knochenmarkszellen nach 3 Tagen Reperfusion zeigte eine tendentielle Verbesserung der Pumpfunktion und eine signifikant kleinere Narbe nach 28 Tagen, während beide Gruppen auch eine höhere Anzahl von Arteriolen in der Narbe aufwiesen. Die Auswertung der zellulären Mechanismen ergab eine verlängerte Entzündungsreaktion mit vorwiegender Beteiligung von Makrophagen, die insbesondere nach i.v. Gabe von Knochenmarkszellen nach 3 Tagen Reperfusion zu einem verzögerten Gewebeumbau mit Persistenz der Myofibroblasten in der Narbe führte. Die bessere Pumpfunktion nach Zellinjektion könnte mit aktivem Gewebeumbau nach 28 Tagen Reperfusion zusammen hängen, da hier Makrophagen in der Narbe persistierten. Weitere Auswertungen legten eine Rezirkulation der injizierten Zellen aus der Milz nahe, die sich möglicherweise in Makrophagen differenzieren. Im Gegensatz zu den Kontrolltieren führten die Knochenmarkszellen zu einer proinflammatorischen Aktivität von Zytokinen und Chemokinen nach 7 Tagen Reperfusion, während gleichzeitig die Marker des Gewebeumbaus eine verzögerte Narbenbildung zeigten. Zusammenfassend führte Knochenmarkszellinjektion nach Reperfusion des Myokardinfarktes zur funktionellen Verbesserung aufgrund des persistierenden Gewebeumbaus und günstigen Lokalbedingungen der proinflammatorischen Reaktion. Die sofortige Zellinjektion zeigte eine bessere Pumpfunktion als die Injektion nach 3 Tagen Reperfusion. Diese Ergebnisse und das Verständnis der Pathomechanismen sollen in weiteren Studien überprüft und vertieft werden, um das Potential für künftige klinische Anwendung zu untersuchen

Determination of Aflatoxin Levels in Groundnuts: A Comparative Study between Domestic and Imported Seed Supplies in Libya

The production of high-quality seeds presents a significant challenge for small-scale farmers in Libya. These farmers often face difficulties with storing their own seeds, encountering issues such as storage fungi and aflatoxin contamination. Aflatoxins, known to cause various human and animal health problems, are prevalent contaminants in groundnut seeds during storage, primarily produced by Aspergillusflavus and Aspergillusparasiticus fungi. This study compares aflatoxin levels between locally sourced and imported groundnut seeds. Samples were procured from the local market in Tripoli, Libya, and aflatoxins were extracted and identified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with Silica gel. The findings reveal higher aflatoxin levels in local samples compared to imported groundnut seeds. Various factors influence aflatoxin levels, and the detected levels surpass European Union standards. To address this, regulatory measures or awareness campaigns among local farmers are recommended to ensure quality and sustainability in groundnut cultivation in Libya

Examining the Health Benefits of Olive Oil: A Review Tailored to the Libyan Setting

The health benefits from olive oil are now a fact backed via laboratory experiments rather than a scientific hypothesis, epidemiological and clinical evidence. Plenty of epidemiological studies have correlatedthat the consumption of olive oil was associated with better overall health. In recent years, remarkable studies have been carried out to show the possible use of olive oil and derivatives for improvement of both animal performance and product quality. More Olive oils are produced and consumed in Libya. This review highlighted the most recent advances of medicinal value of olive oil', furthermore; this review explores the most significant attributes of olive oil in health and pharmaceutical applications. For instance, reduced pure olive oil considerably lowers the risk of cholesterol- related and other vascular diseases. Also exhibits excellent pharmaceutical properties for curingoxidative damage linked to cancerand neurodegenerativediseases. Invivo application of olive oil and its derived products has shown to maintain oxidative balance owing to its polyphenolic content. In addition, this review highlights the medicinal, nutritional and food benefit of olive oil

Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus in camel in the western region of Libya

Objective: The present study was primarily undertaken to determine the seroprevalnace of Chlamidya abortus infection in the Libyan camel (Camelus dromedarius). Materials and methods: Serological tests for C. abortus antibodies were conducted with 245 camels (205 females and 40 males) in different localities in the western region of Libya. Animals varied in age from <1 to 20 years and were sampled randomly from both housed and nomadic herds. From each animal, 10 mL blood sample was collected and sera were separated. Antibodies in the sera against C. abortus were detected using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Results of this study showed that out of the 245 camels tested for anti-chlamydia antibodies, 30 were found positive giving an overall prevalence of 12.25%. The seroprevalence of chlamydiosis was 2 folds higher in females (14.00%) as compared to males (5.00%). Conclusion: The present findings signify the C. abortus as a potential agent to cause abortion in Libyan camel (C. dromedarius). Besides, the persons who handle camels in Libya are at risk of infecting with C. abortus. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2016; 3(2.000): 178-183

Microwave or autoclave treatments destroy the infectivity of infectious bronchitis virus and avian pneumovirus but allow detection by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction

Exterior, detai

5-Methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)]sulfinyl}-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazole

In the title omeprazole derivative, C20H21N3O3S, the benzimidazole ring is inclined to the pyridine ring by 21.21 (8)°. In the crystal, neighbouring molecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the a-axis direction. Within the chains, there are offset π–π interactions [intercentroid distance = 3.880 (2) Å] involving neighbouring benzimidazole rings. There are no other significant intermolecular interactions present

Radiative Transfer Modeling of a Large Pool Fire by Discrete Ordinates, Discrete Transfer, Ray Tracing, Monte Carlo and Moment Methods

Five computational methods for solution of the radiative transfer equation in an absorbing-emitting and non-scattering gray medium were compared on a 2 m JP-8 pool fire. The temperature and absorption coefficient fields were taken from a synthetic fire due to the lack of a complete set of experimental data for fires of this size. These quantities were generated by a code that has been shown to agree well with the limited quantity of relevant data in the literature. Reference solutions to the governing equation were determined using the Monte Carlo method and a ray tracing scheme with high angular resolution. Solutions using the discrete transfer method, the discrete ordinate method (DOM) with both S(sub 4) and LC(sub 11) quadratures, and moment model using the M(sub 1) closure were compared to the reference solutions in both isotropic and anisotropic regions of the computational domain. DOM LC(sub 11) is shown to be the more accurate than the commonly used S(sub 4) quadrature technique, especially in anisotropic regions of the fire domain. This represents the first study where the M(sub 1) method was applied to a combustion problem occurring in a complex three-dimensional geometry. The M(sub 1) results agree well with other solution techniques, which is encouraging for future applications to similar problems since it is computationally the least expensive solution technique. Moreover, M(sub 1) results are comparable to DOM S(sub 4)

Comparison of Myocardial Remodeling between Cryoinfarction and Reperfused Infarction in Mice

Myocardial infarction is associated with inflammatory reaction leading to tissue remodeling. We compared tissue remodeling between cryoinfarction (cMI) and reperfused myocardial infarction (MI) in order to better understand the local environment where we apply cell therapies. Models of closed-chest one-hour ischemia/reperfusion MI and cMI were used in C57/Bl6-mice. The reperfused MI showed rapid development of granulation tissue and compacted scar formation after 7 days. In contrast, cMI hearts showed persistent cardiomyocyte debris and cellular infiltration after 7 days and partially compacted scar formation accompanied by persistent macrophages and myofibroblasts after 14 days. The mRNA of proinflammatory mediators was transiently induced in MI and persistently upregulated in cMI. Tenascin C and osteopontin-1 showed delayed induction in cMI. In conclusion, the cryoinfarction was associated with prolonged inflammation and active myocardial remodeling when compared to the reperfused MI. These substantial differences in remodeling may influence cellular engraftment and should be considered in cell therapy studies

Initial experience of video capsule endoscopy at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia

Background/Aim: No prior experience with video capsule endoscopy (VCE) has been published from Saudi Arabia. In this study, we aim to report the first Saudi experience with VCE. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted between March 2013 and September 2017 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Eligible patients underwent VCE and their data (age, sex, indication for VCE, type of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding [OGIB: overt vs occult], VCE findings, and complications) were recorded. Approval was obtained from the institutional ethics board before the study began and all patients provided verbal and signed consent for the procedure. The procedure was performed according to the established guidelines. Results: During the study period, a total 103 VCE procedures were performed on 96 patients. Overall, 60 participants (62.5%) were male (mean age, 58.8 years; range, 25–97 years) and 36 (37.5%) were female (mean age, 52.8 years; range, 18–78 years). The most frequent indication for VCE was OGIB (n = 91, 88.35%; overt, n = 46, 50.55%; occult, n = 45, 49.45%). Other indications were suspected Crohn's disease (n = 4, 3.88%), suspected complicated celiac disease (n = 4, 3.88%), and unexplained chronic abdominal pain (n = 4, 3.88%). The VCE results were categorized as incomplete (n = 2, 1.94%), poor-quality (n = 7; 6.8%), normal (n = 39, 37.86%), and abnormal (n = 55, 53.4%). The completion rate was 98.06% (n = 101), and the overall diagnostic yield was 53.4%. Of the 55 patients with abnormal VCE results, 43 (78.2%) had small bowel (SB) abnormalities and 12 (21.8%) had abnormalities in the proximal or distal gut. The most frequent SB abnormalities were angiodysplasia (n = 22, 40.0%) and tumors (n = 7, 12.7%). Conclusion: The diagnostic yield of VCE for Saudi patients with OGIB is comparable to that reported internationally; however, data for other VCE indications, including inflammatory bowel disease, are still lacking