Acute ischemic stroke prognostication, comparison between Glasgow Coma Score, NIHS Scale and Full Outline of UnResponsiveness Score in intensive care unit

Background: Stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide and a frequent cause of adult disability in developed countries. No single outcome measure can describe or predict all dimensions of recovery and disability after acute stroke. Several scales have proven reliability and validity in stroke trials.Objectives: The aim of the work was to evaluate the FOUR score predictability for outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke in comparison with the NIHSS and the GCS.Methods: 127 adult patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled. NIHSS, GCS, and FOUR score were collected at 24 and 72 h. Patients were prospectively followed up for the following outcomes; In-hospital or 30 days mortality and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were compared between the three scores.Results: Twenty-five (19.7%) patients died, and seventy-two (56.7%) had unfavourable outcome. The NIHSS, the GCS, and the FOUR score were not different in predicting in-hospital mortality (AUC: 0.783, 0.779, 0.796 at 24-h and 0.973, 0.975, 0.977 at 72-h). The NIHSS, the GCS, and the FOUR score done at 24-h were not different in predicting unfavourable outcome (AUC: 0.893, 0.868, and 0.865, respectively). However, the NIHSS done at 72-h showed significantly higher AUC than the GCS score (0.958 versus 0.931, p= 0.041), and higher than the Four score (0.958 versus 0.909, p=0.011).KEYWORDS: Acute stroke; Stroke prognostication; NIHSS; CGS; FOUR score; Charlson Comorbidity  Inde

Induced epidural haematoma

Background: A novel case of epidural haematoma caused by general surgery Case presentation: Fifty-four years male patient was admitted at Mansoura Emergency Hospital with Glasgow coma scale 4 on ventilator. rapid evacuation of EDH was done and the GCS became 9 Conclusion: rapid accumulation of epidural haematoma is fatal and may lead to death

Some Immunohormonal Changes in Experimentally Pregnant Toxemic Goats

Pregnancy toxemia was induced in nine pregnant goat does with twins by the stress of fasting with access to water in late pregnancy to investigate the effect of pregnancy toxemia on immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG), cortisol, insulin, thyroid, and growth hormones and their correlations with the plasma levels of glucose and β-Hydroxybutyrate. Plasma samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours after induction of pregnancy toxemia. The result revealed that experimental animals developed neurological findings with convulsions and acetone odor from the mouth with recumbency after 72 hours. Laboratory findings showed a significant increase in β-Hydroxybutyrate, cortisol, and insulin while there were significant decreases in glucose, thyroid, and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG). Plasma glucose concentrations had significant negative correlations with β-hydroxybutyrate, cortisol, and insulin while the correlations were significantly positive with immunoglobulins and thyroid hormone. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration was significantly positively correlated with cortisol and negatively correlated with immunoglobulins, insulin, and thyroid hormone. From this study we can conclude that pregnancy toxemia might affect humoral immune responses as well as insulin, cortisol, and thyroid hormones. Moreover, insulin might have a compensatory role to increase suppressive effect on ketogenesis in experimentally pregnant toxemic goats

Performance Enhancement of MIMO-OFDM using Redundant Residue Number System

Telecommunication industry requires high capacity networks with high data rates which are achieved through utilization of Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication along with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system. Still, the communication channel suffers from noise, interference or distortion due to hardware design limitations, and channel environment, and to combat these challenges, and achieve enhanced performance; various error control techniques are implemented to enable the receiver to detect any possible received errors and correct it and thus; for a certain transmitted signal power the system would have lower Bit Error Rate (BER). The provided research focuses on Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS) coding as a Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme that improves the performance of MIMO-OFDM based wireless communications in comparison with current methods as Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) coders at the transmitter side or equalizers at receiver side. The Bit Error Rate (BER) performance over the system was measured using MATLAB tool for different simulated channel conditions, including the effect of signal amplitude reduction and multipath delay spreading. Simulation results had shown that RRNS coding scheme provides an enhancement in system performance over conventional error detection and correction coding schemes by utilizing the distinct features of Residue Number System (RNS)

The Use of the Nonionised Electromagnetic Waves

Osteoarthritis is thought to be the most prevalent chronic joint disease presenting with joint pain, tenderness, stiffness, locking, and sometimes an effusion. Diagnosis is confirmed by x-ray. Treatment involves a combination of exercise, lifestyle modification, analgesics, steroids, glucosamine, and finally arthrodesis and joint replacement surgery. A 50 years old female with moderate osteoarthritis that did not respond to traditional medical treatment was treated by nonionised electromagnetic wave

Image multiplexing using residue number system coding over MIMO-OFDM communication system

Image transmission over Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communication system is prone to distortion and noise due to the encountered High-Peak-to-Average-Power-Ratio (PAPR) generated from the OFDM block. This paper studies the utilization of Residue Number System (RNS) as a coding scheme for digital image transmission over Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) – OFDM transceiver communication system. The use of the independent parallel feature of RNS, as well as the reduced signal amplitude to convert the input signal to parallel smaller residue signals, enable to reduce the signal PAPR, decreasing the signal distortion and the Bit Error Rate (BER). Consequently, improving the received Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and enhancing the received image quality. The performance analyzed though BER, and PAPR. Moreover, image quality measurement is achieved through evaluating the Mean Squared Error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), and the correlation values between the initial and retrieved images. Simulation results had shown the performance of transmission/reception model with and without RNS coding implementation.

Synthesis of New Coumarin Derivatives Used as Nitrification Inhibitors to Mitigation of Nitrous Oxide Emission from Agricultural Soil.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the major greenhouse gases "GHG” the main source of N2O emission is synthetic mineral nitrogen fertilizers. The conversion values according to the global warming potential for N2O are 298 times as CO2 per molecule. The main objective of this work is to mitigate GHG emission from N2O by create synthesis new nitrification inhibitors.  Coumarine derivatives were synthesized (1-4), and prove the structures by spectral data, the compounds (1) and (4) were applied as nitrification inhibitors to mitigation of nitrous oxide. The results indicated that, the presence of each of the two tested inhibitors (1, 4) reduced the N2O emission from urea-treated soils by 72% and 49%, respectively, in inhibiting nitrification during the 28-day incubation period. Key words: Nitrous oxide emissions, Mitigation, Agricultural soil, Nitrification, Coumarin derivatives

Chemerin Level in the Serum of Knee Osteoarthritis Patients and its Relation to Disease Severity

Background: Chemerin is a new adipokine that has been linked to joint inflammation and degeneration. It has a proinflammatory effect and modulates immune system activity. Objective: The aim of the work was to assess the chemerin role in diagnosis as well as monitoring of severity of the disease in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients.Patients and Methods: This case-control study included a total of 60 subjects, 30 of them had knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and 30 served as controls, attending at Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, and Physical Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals. Chemerin level was measured for all the subjects by ELISA technique. In osteoarthritis group, knee osteoarthritis was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results: Statistically insignificant differences in age, BMI, as well as sex were found among the 2 studied groups. Serum chemerin levels in patients with KOA were statistically significantly higher than in controls, with a p-value of 0.001. Serum chemerin had no statistically significant correlations to age, BMI, or length of illness, while WOMAC scores, CRP, as well as ESR were strongly associated with serum chemerin levels. Conclusion: It could be concluded that serum chemerin can be utilized as an inflammatory marker in KOA patients and it can be considered as a therapeutic target. Further studies are recommended to assess its levels in other types of OA, and other rheumatic diseases

The Role of American Posters in Supporting the Economy During World War II

Posters as a visual communication medium has been utilized effectively throughout modern history. One of the most important applications of posters as a means of mass communication was during the World War II when the US government launched a massive awareness graphic design campaigns calling for Military Recruitment, Recycling and economic preservation. The American Poster Awareness campaign played a great role in changing the consumer culture during the World War II , and in unifying the American society around the idea of supporting the war efforts . Keywords: Poster , Graphic Design , Awareness Campaign , Mass Communication , Consumer Culture .