NON-DRUG HABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH PERINATAL AFFECTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Drug-free rehabilitation treatment modalities of children with perinatal pathology of the nervous system are considered as an important component of the habilitation process and creation of a developing environment for infants with a high risk of disabling conditions. Corrective actions depend not only on the severity of perinatal pathology but also on the maturity of a child and individual characteristics of neuroonthogenesis. The article considers the main drug-free technologies of rehabilitation treatment — both already known and recently developed including methods of kinesi-, aqua-, music therapy, and correctional pedagogy. A separate section is devoted to breastfeeding as an important component of the adequate development of a child. A necessary condition for effective habilitation is a family-oriented approach, which implies active participation of parents in the implementation of rehabilitation programs for children

A New Look at the Chemical Recycling of Polypropylene: Thermal Oxidative Destruction in Aqueous Oxygen-Enriched Medium

Recycling of plastic waste, in particular polypropylene, represents one of the most pressing challenges facing humanity. Despite the promise of chemical methods for recycling polypropylene, they usually require a high temperature and are energy-intensive. In this work, we investigated the oxidative thermolysis of polypropylene in aqueous media. This approach rendered it possible to carry out the decomposition of the polymer at a comparatively low temperature (150 °C). It was shown that among the tested, the most promising aqueous medium for the decomposition of polypropylene is water saturated with gaseous oxygen at an elevated pressure (14 bar) and at a temperature of 150 °C. In such an environment, polypropylene was converted mostly to acetic acid (up to 1.3 g/g acetic acid to starting polypropylene mass ratio). Moreover, methanol, formic acid, and propionic acid were also detected as the products. Finally, the applicability of the proposed recycling method to real polypropylene waste was shown

Novel composite Zr/PBI-O-PhT membranes for HT-PEFC applications

Novel composite membranes for high temperature polymer-electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEFC) based on a poly[oxy-3,3-bis(4′-benzimidazol-2″-ylphenyl)phtalide-5″(6″)-diyl] (PBI-O-PhT) polymer with small amounts of added Zr were prepared. It was shown in a model reaction between zirconium acetylacetonate (Zr(acac)4) and benzimidazole (BI) that Zr-atoms are capable to form chemical bonds with BI. Thus, Zr may be used as a crosslinking agent for PBI membranes. The obtained Zr/PBI-O-PhT composite membranes were examined by means of SAXS, thermomechanical analysis (TMA), and were tested in operating fuel cells by means of stationary voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. The new membranes showed excellent stability in a 2000-hour fuel cell (FC) durability test. The modification of the PBI-O-PhT films with Zr facilitated an increase of the phosphoric acid (PA) uptake by the membranes, which resulted in an up to 2.5 times increased proton conductivity. The existence of an optimal amount of Zr content in the modified PBI-O-PhT film was shown. Larger amounts of Zr lead to a lower PA doping level and a reduced conductivity due to an excessively high degree of crosslinking

Growth and Structure of Rare-Earth Molybdate Crystals Na_0.65La_4.35Mo₃O_15.81±δF_0.07±ε

Rare-earth sodium- and fluorine-substituted molybdates with the Na0.65La4.35Mo3O15.81±δF0.07±ε composition were synthesized for the first time as single crystals. An accurate X-ray diffraction analysis of three samples at room temperature showed that the obtained crystals are isostructural to undoped cubic compounds of the Ln5Mo3O16+δ family (space group Pn3¯n). Sodium cations partially occupy one of the two lanthanum positions and center the more distorted LaO8 polyhedra, while fluorine anions occupy over-stoichiometric oxygen positions in the vast interstices (cavities) of the structure. The partial substitution of fluorine atoms for oxygen ones affects the transport characteristics of compounds by activating the oxygen atoms in the anionic subsystem due to the effect of supplementary electrostatic repulsion between anions of different types

Genetic diversity of Escherichia coli in gut microbiota of patients with Crohn’s disease discovered using metagenomic and genomic analyses

Abstract Background Crohn’s disease is associated with gut dysbiosis. Independent studies have shown an increase in the abundance of certain bacterial species, particularly Escherichia coli with the adherent-invasive pathotype, in the gut. The role of these species in this disease needs to be elucidated. Methods We performed a metagenomic study investigating the gut microbiota of patients with Crohn’s disease. A metagenomic reconstruction of the consensus genome content of the species was used to assess the genetic variability. Results The abnormal shifts in the microbial community structures in Crohn’s disease were heterogeneous among the patients. The metagenomic data suggested the existence of multiple E. coli strains within individual patients. We discovered that the genetic diversity of the species was high and that only a few samples manifested similarity to the adherent-invasive varieties. The other species demonstrated genetic diversity comparable to that observed in the healthy subjects. Our results were supported by a comparison of the sequenced genomes of isolates from the same microbiota samples and a meta-analysis of published gut metagenomes. Conclusions The genomic diversity of Crohn’s disease-associated E. coli within and among the patients paves the way towards an understanding of the microbial mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of the Crohn’s disease and the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease