Three-Dimensional Seismic Velocity Structure of the Aegean Region of Turkey from Local Earthquake Tomography

This study brings new insights to elucidate the 3-D seismic velocity structure of the Aegean region of Turkey by using Local Earthquake Tomography (LET). The study area has remarkable potential for geothermal resources. To provide the subsurface geological structure of seismogenic layers and geothermal areas, we develop new high-resolution depth-cross sections through Buyuk Menderes, Kucuk Menderes and Gediz grabens. Travel times of almost 265.000 readings (14.963 P-phase and 11.969 S-phase picks) from 2.085 well-located events recorded between 2007 and 2016 by a permanent seismic network of 75 broad-band seismometers were used to precisely interpret the 3-D Vp (lithological) and Vp/Vs (petrological) models of the study area. We detected four main layers down to 35-40 km depths with different Vp velocities ranging from 3.5 to 8.5 km/s. Mid-crustal interface (Conrad discontinuity) is discovered at 15 km depth in nearly all depth-cross-sections. Our results suggest an average of 25 km Moho depth in the Aegean region of Turkey. The depths range from around 18 km beneath SE of Aydin to 29 km beneath Aliaga, and approximate values of 19, 25 and 31 km beneath the Doganbey, Kutahya and Selendi-Demirci regions, respectively. The geothermal areas of the studied region are imaged by Vp and Vp/Vs anomalies. We propose the Aliaga, Denizli, Doganbey and Kosk areas as low Vp, low Vp/Vs anomalies which are an indicator of steam, CO2 or a mixture of both. Low Vp, high Vp/Vs models, suggesting geothermal fluids, are clearly visible near the Buharkent, Gumuskol, Guzelhisar, Kosk, Kuyucak, Saraykoy and Suzbeyli regions. We also report that the Bademler, Candarli, Kalekoy, Karahalli, Merdivenli, Ortakoy, Saruhanli, Yelki and Yuntdagikoseler regions might be good candidates for new potential geothermal resources

Endovascular Management of Iatrogenic Vascular Injury in the Craniocervical Region

WOS: 000423394400012PubMed ID: 27593845AIM: To evaluate iatrogenic vascular injuries in the craniocervical region and their endovascular management. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients (9 women, 12 men) with a mean age of 53.6 years (range 16-87 years), who underwent endovascular embolization for iatrogenic vascular injury in the craniocervical region between December 2000 and October 2015, were included in this retrospective study. Types of iatrogenic injuries, etiologies that caused these injuries and details of endovascular managements were reported. RESULTS: The etiologies of the vascular injuries were as follows: transsphenoidal surgery (n=9), skull-base surgery (n=2), cholesteatoma surgery (n=1), tracheostomy (n=2), central venous catheterization (n=2), oropharyngeal tumor operation (n=1), endovascular treatment of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis (n=1), suprasellar epidermoid tumor operation (n=1), sphenoid sinus tumor surgery (n=1), and speech prosthesis device placement (n=1). The types of vascular injuries diagnosed at the time of angiography were; 2 occlusions, 2 stenoses, 2 dissections, 1 carotid cavernous fistula, 8 artery rupture with extravasation, and 9 pseudoaneurysms. Endovascular management of these vascular injuries were; parent artery occlusion (PAO) (n=15), aneurysm occlusion (n=3), covered stent (n=1) and conservative management (n=2). All patients except two were successfully treated. No patient had bleeding within a 30-day period after angiography. Long-term follow-up was available in all patients without occurrence of re-bleeding. One patient died due to complications related to primary vascular injury. CONCLUSION: Although iatrogenic vascular injuries are rare, early diagnosis and management may be lifesaving. Endovascular techniques are reliable and safe in most of the patients