Serum Uric Acid Level in Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

The purinergic system plays a role in the regulation of mood, motor activity, cognitive function, sleep, and behavior. Purinergic mechanisms can also play a role in various neuropsychiatric diseases. The objective of this study is to assess whether uric acid levels in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression are different in comparison to healthy controls and to determine the clinical parameters that can be associated with the uric acid level. This retrospective study consisted of 31 patients with major depressive disorder and 31 patients with bipolar disorder depressive episode and 31 healthy control subjects. The mean serum uric acid levels were found as follows: major depression patient group 4.56 (± 1.53) mg/dL, bipolar depression patient group 5.38 (± 1.43) mg/dL and control group 4.86 (± 1.56) mg/dL. There was no significant difference between patients and the control groups in terms of serum uric acid levels (P=0.075). Serum uric acid levels do not differ significantly in bipolar and unipolar depression. Also, there was no difference between patients and control. Therefore, studying the uric acid metabolism in major depression and bipolar disorder depressive episode according to the symptom severity with larger sample groups is suggested

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in catatonia

There is growing evidence of subclinical inflammation in mental disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate frequency of symptoms of catatonia and the newly diagnosed subclinical inflammatory markers which are neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR) ratios in catatonia patients due to mental disorders. Methods: Patients who were admitted to psychiatry clinic with the diagnosis of catatonia according to DSM 5 in the last two years and equal number of control group were included in this retrospective study. Univariate analysis of covariance controlled for possible confounders was used to compare NLR, PLR, MLR ratios between patients and the control group. Results: A total of 34 catatonia patients and 34 healthy controls were included in the study. Patients’ mean age was 30.88 + 13.4. NLR value was significantly higher in the patient group than control group. There was no significant difference between the patients and control group according to PLR, MLR values. Discussion: The presence of subclinical inflammation in catatonic syndrome due to mental disorders should be considered. Subclinical inflammation that was observed in numerous mental disorders continues in catatonia due to mental disorders. Large-scale studies are needed to determine the role of inflammation in catatonia

Şizofrenide Psikojenik Polidipsi için Amisülpirid Tedavisi: Olgu Sunumu

Psikojenik polidipsi veya kendiliğinden indüklenen su zehirlenmesi, kompulsif su içimini tanımlamak için kullanılır. Mental hastalıklarda nadir görülen bir durum değildir. En sık kronik şizofrenide görülür. Tedavisi etiyolojiye ve tablonun ciddiyetine göre düzenlenir. Hafif vakalarda su kısıtlaması ve hastanın eğitimi yeterlidir, ağır olgularda tedavide su kısıtlaması, tuz solüsyonu infüzyonu, diüretikler, hiponatremi kaynaklı nöbetlerin kontrolünün sağlanması için antikonvülsan ilaç uygulaması yapılır. Akut klinik tablonun tedavisinden sonra altta yatan primer psikiyatrik hastalığın tedavisi yeniden düzenlenmelidir. Bu yazıda şizofreni tanısıyla 14 yıldır takip edilen ve psikojenik polidipsi tanısı alan ve amisülpirid tedavisi ve sıvı kısıtlaması ile başarıyla tedavi edilen 39 yaşında bir erkek hasta sunulmuştur

Effect of electroconvulsive therapy on oxidative metabolism in major depressive disorder

Amaç: Elektrokonvulsif terapinin (EKT) majör depresyonda etkinliği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada majör depresyonda EKT’nin total antioksidan seviye, total oksidan seviye, oksidatif stres indeksi üzerindeki etkilerine bakılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: DSM-IV’e göre majör depresyon tanısı konulan 23 hasta ve 22 sağlıklı kontrol çalışmaya alındı. Hastalara sosyodemografik ve klinik bilgilendirme formu uygulandı. Hasta ve kontrollerden venöz kan örnekleri alındı. serum total antioksidan, total oksidan düzeylerine bakıldı. Bulgular: Elektrokonvulzif terapi uygulaması öncesi hasta grubunda antioksidan seviye kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha düşük bulunmuştur. Hasta grubunda EKT uygulaması sonrası antioksidan seviye elektrokonvulzif terapi öncesine göre anlamlı düzeyde artmıştır. Elektrokonvulzif terapi uygulaması sonrası antioksidan seviye kontrol grubu ile kıyaslandığında anlamlı farklılık kalmamıştır. EKT öncesi ve sonrasında bakılan total oksidan seviye ve oksidatif stres indeksi açısından hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: EKT uygulaması sonrasında hastalarda total antioksidan seviye düzeyinin artması, EKT’nin majör depresyon hastalarında antioksidan seviye artışına neden olduğunu düşündürmektedir.Purpose: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been shown to be effective for majör depressive disorder. This study aimed to evaluate the association between ECT and the effects of ECT on total antioxidant level, total oxidant level, oxidative stress index in major depression. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 23 inpatients with majör depressive disorder defined by DSM-IV criteria and 22 healty volunteers. Socio-demographic and clinical information were collected using structured questionnaire. Venous blood samples were taken from patients and controls. The biochemical parameters analyzed were serum total antioxidant level, total oxidant level. Results: Total antioxidant level was lower in the majör depressive disorder group compared with those of the controls before ECT. Total antioxidant levels were significantly increased with electrocunvulsive therapy in patient group. There was no significant difference for total antioxidant levels after ECT. There was no significant difference between patient and control groups in terms of total oxidant level and oxidative stress index before and after ECT. Conclusion: The results suggest that ECT leads to an increase in antioxidant levels in patients with majör depressive disorder

Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on nitrosative stress and oxidative DNA damage parameters in patients with a depressive episode

Background Few studies have investigated the relationship between electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and markers of nitrosative stress and oxidative DNA damage. Objective The aim of this study is to examine changes in nitrosative stress and oxidative DNA damage in patients with a depressive episode treated with ECT. Methods The current study included 48 patients with a depressive episode treated with ECT and 30 healthy control participants. First, the serum nitrosative stress markers of nitric oxide (NO center dot), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and the oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were compared between the study and control groups. These parameters were also compared pre- and post-treatment for the study group. Results NO center dot, NOS, and ONOO- levels were significantly higher in patients with depressive disorder (DD) than in the control group. NO center dot and NOS levels significantly decreased in the ECT group after treatment while 8-OHdG levels significantly increased. Conclusions The study findings suggest that ECT may have reduced nitrosative stress levels while increasing oxidative DNA damage. More research is now needed to better understand the issue