Evidência de rickettsiae do grupo da febre maculosa no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

De fevereiro a setembro de 1999, foram realizadas, semanalmente, coletas de carrapatos de cães no Município de Piraí/RJ. Quatrocentos e setenta e quatro ixodídeos foram taxonomicamente identificados, 103 Amblyomma cajennense, sete Amblyomma ovale, 209 Rhipicephalus sanguineus e 155 Amblyomma sp. O teste de hemolinfa associado à coloração de Giemsa revelou que duas espécies de 163 carrapatos testados (R. sanguineus e A. sp.) continham microrganismos com morfologia semelhante à rickettsia do grupo da febre maculosa. No teste de imunofluorescência direta, mais específico, foi verificada a presença de rickettsia do grupo da febre maculosa em uma espécie de R. sanguineus. Considerando que informações sobre rickettsioses no Brasil são limitadas, principalmente com relação aos vetores envolvidos na perpetuação da doença, estes resultados preliminares nos mostram a necessidade da realização deste tipo de estudo, permitindo, desta forma, aumentar nossos conhecimentos a respeito desta zoonose.Ticks were obtained from dogs from February to September of 1999 at weekly intervals, in the County of Piraí, State of Rio de Janeiro. Four hundred seventy four ixodids were taxonomically identified, 103 Amblyomma cajennense, seven Amblyomma ovale, 209 Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and 155 Amblyomma sp. An hemolymph test associated with Giemsa's stain revealed two specimens in 163 ticks tested (R. sanguineus and Amblyomma sp), containing rickettsia-like organisms. Direct immunofluorescence verified the presence of spotted fever group rickettsia in one specimen of R. sanguineus. Considering the limited information on rickettsiosis in Brazil, principally in relation to the vectors involved in perpetuating it in foci, these preliminary results give us an idea on the importance of infection in ticks, allowing to expand our knowledge on this zoonosis

Presence of Bartonella spp. in domestic cats from a state park in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-02-10T17:04:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 elbareginaS_lemos_etal_IOC_2018.pdf: 488698 bytes, checksum: d9d816bea43126ebce0a39af3a3bc040 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-02-10T17:12:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 elbareginaS_lemos_etal_IOC_2018.pdf: 488698 bytes, checksum: d9d816bea43126ebce0a39af3a3bc040 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-10T17:12:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elbareginaS_lemos_etal_IOC_2018.pdf: 488698 bytes, checksum: d9d816bea43126ebce0a39af3a3bc040 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária. Clínica e Reprodução Animal. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (Clínica e Reprodução Animal). Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária. Niterói, RJ, Brasil

Seroprevalence of Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, and Hantavirus among people who inject drugs in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a retrospective assessment of a biobank

The increasing use of illicit drugs imposes a public health challenge worldwide. People who inject drugs (PWID) are more susceptible to health complications due to immunosuppression associated with drug use and non-hygienic self-administration of substances, contaminants, and liquids. PWID are subjected to increased risk of acquiring and transmitting different pathogens (frequently functioning as sentinel cases for (re)emerging pathogens), including those transmitted by arthropods and vertebrate reservoirs in unhealthy environments. A clear association between injection drug use and HIV, HBV, and HCV infections has been described; however, other infectious viral and bacterial agents have been seldomly assessed. In this study, we investigated the seroprevalence of Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, and Hantavirus among 300 randomly selected PWIDs from Rio de Janeiro, as part of a multi-city cross-sectional study carried out in the 1990s. Point seroprevalences and respective 95% CIs are as follows: 9.3% for C. burnetii (95% CI: 6.0%-13.0%), 1.0% for Bartonella spp. (95% CI: 0.0%-3.0%), and 4.0% for Hantavirus (95% CI: 2.0%-7.0%). In addition to the bloodborne pathogens, the results of this study increase our knowledge on other transmissible infectious agents in PWID. The high seroprevalence of C. burnetii and Hantavirus found among PWID is intriguing and suggests the need to carry out prospective studies, including molecular analyses, to confirm these findings and allow a better understanding of the putative relevance of these zoonotic infectious agents among PWID

Overview of Q fever in Brazil: an underestimated zoonosis

This review aims to provide current information about Q fever, elucidating the etiological, epidemiological, pathogenic, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic aspects of the disease for the medical community. We discuss the main forms of presentation of the agent, its ability to persist in the body, the infinite possibilities of susceptible hosts, the main known forms of transmission, its importance in populations at occupational risk, and the role of arthropods in the natural history of the disease. Focusing on Brazil, we present the cases already described and studies developed since its first report, and how there is still much to unravel. We are aware of the possibilities of the persistence of the agent and the development of severe clinical pictures and the specific treatments currently instituted. We also wish to raise awareness about the future, the new genotypes that are emerging, the need to study the effects of vaccines, and the impact of Q fever on the population. Q fever is a poorly understood disease in Latin America, and recent studies, especially in Brazil, have revealed the importance of developing new studies

O conhecimento da criança Haliti-Paresí sobre a hantavirose através de expressões artísticas

Objetivo: Buscou-se identificar o conhecimento das crianças Haliti-Paresí sobre a hantavirose através de expressões artísticas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo-interpretativo e qualitativo conduzido com nove crianças da etnia Haliti-Paresí através da arteterapia, sendo a análise dos desenhos realizada adotando-se a técnica de registro único de análise. Resultados: Foram analisados 14 registros gráficos de nove crianças em três categorias: ambiente físico e social; conhecimento sobre a transmissão da hantavirose e conhecimento sobre o agravo/letalidade. Nas expressões artísticas observou-se a presença do reservatório da doença e a gravidade clínica com imagens de hospitalização. Conclusão: As produções artísticas das crianças desvelaram a importância de medidas educativas e preventivas que contribuam para melhoria da qualidade de vida.Objetivo: Se buscó identificar el conocimiento de los niños Haliti-Paresí sobre la hantavirose a través de las expresiones artísticas. Método: Se trata de un estudio del tipo descriptivo-interpretativo y cualitativo conducido con nueve niños de la etnia Haliti-Paresí a través de la arteterapia, siendo el análisis de los diseños realizados utilizando la técnica de registro único de análisis. Resultados: Se analizaron 14 registros gráficos de nueve niños en tres categorías: ambiente físico y social; conocimiento sobre la transmisión de la hantavirose y el conocimiento sobre el agravio/letalidad. En las expresiones artísticas se observó la presencia del reservorio de la enfermedad y la gravedad clínica con imágenes de hospitalización. Conclusión: Las producciones artísticas de los niños desvelaron la importancia de medidas educativas y preventivas que contribuyan a la mejora de la calidad de vida.Objective: To identify the knowledge of Haliti-Paresí children about hantaviruses through artistic expressions. Method: This is a descriptive-interpretative and qualitative study conducted with nine children of the Haliti-Paresí ethnicity through art therapy. The analysis of the design was performed using the single analysis recording technique. Results: We analyzed 14 graphic records of nine children in three categories: physical and social environment, knowledge about the transmission of hantaviruses and knowledge about the disease/lethality. In the artistic expressions the presence of the reservoir of the disease was observed and the clinical severity with hospitalization images. Conclusion: The artistic productions of the children revealed the importance of educational and preventive measures that contribute to the improvement of the quality of life

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in children: case report and case series from an endemic area of Brazil

Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS) is an important emergent zoonosis associated with wild rodents in Brazil, where this viral infection in children is generally rare. We present HCPS in a child from the Pantanal Biome and a review of all reported pediatric cases in Mato Grosso State, an endemic area for HCPS in Brazil. The investigation used the Information System for Notifiable Diseases database (SINAN). A 12-year-old boy was hospitalized with fever and respiratory failure and hantavirus IgM and IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA in serum samples. During the period of 1999 to 2016, 32 HCPS pediatric cases confirmed by serology were reported to SINAN with a mortality rate of 34.4%. The possibility of hantavirus infection in children with acute febrile illness associated with respiratory failure should be considered mainly in recognized endemic areas as Mato Grosso State, contradicting a hypothesis that children are more protected from lung involvement

Seroprevalence of rodent-borne viruses in Afro-descendent communities in Brazil

During the Brazilian slavery period, many African migrants were brought to the American continent. Historically, some of these migrants escaped from the Brazilian gold mines and farms to which they had been brought and settled in remote valleys and this was the main mode of resistance to the slavery system. These runaway-slave descendant communities are called quilombos, a group with distinct ethnic identity, specific behavioral habits, including geographic isolation and conservative practices. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of rodent-borne viruses in two Afro-descendent communities from Mato Grosso do Sul State, Midwestern Brazil. A total of 319 individuals from rural and urban quilombola communities were enrolled. Twelve (3.76%) had anti-rodent-borne virus IgG antibodies. Seven (2.19%) were anti-mammarenavirus reactive and nine (2.82%) had anti-orthohantavirus antibodies. The literature includes limited data on the health status of quilombola communities, but all the studies emphasize the disparity of attention of local healthcare personnel to these communities compared to the general population. The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability and the precarious health conditions of quilombola groups, especially those living in rural areas and thus, point to the need of preventive measures to improve access to healthcare for this ethnic group

An unusual case of bacillary angiomatosis in the oral cavity of an AIDS patient who had no concomitant tegumentary lesions – case report and review

Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is an angioproliferative disease of immunocompromised patients that usually presents as vascular tumors in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by chronic infections with either Bartonella henselae or B. quintana. Oral cavity BA is exceedingly rare and even rarer without simultaneous cutaneous disease. We report herein the case of a 51-year-old HIV-infected man who presented severe odynophagia and an eroded lesion on the hard palate that progressed to an oronasal fistula. No cutaneous lesions were recorded. Doxycycline led to complete resolution. To the best of our knowledge, only six previous cases of oral BA without tegumentary disease have been previously reported and none of them progressed to fistula