Aportes a la domesticación de Aristotelia chilensis a partir de la identificación de patrones arquitecturales, asociados a variaciones endógenas y ambientales

Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz, (maqui) es una especie leñosa, semi-decidua, de la familia Elaeocarpaceae, nativa de los bosques templados de la Patagonia Argentina y Chile (Doll et al. 2016; Misle et al. 2011). Crece en los sotobosques, comúnmente asociada a Nothofagus dombeyi y Austrocedrus chilensis (Stecconi et al. 2017), los cuales constituyen ambientes contrastantes. Esta especie presenta naturalmente grandes variaciones morfológicas y arquitecturales, además de una gran plasticidad fenotípica, siendo capaz de habitar en un amplio rango de condiciones lumínicas e hídricas (Misle et al. 2011), desde los bosques húmedos hasta el bosque de transición.EEA BarilocheFil: Bramardi, Martín A. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; ArgentinaFil: Roldan, Cecilia Soledad. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Roldan, Cecilia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Marchelli, Paula. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Marchelli, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Torres, C. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Torres, C. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentin

High-quality SNPs from genic regions highlight introgression patterns among European white oaks (Quercus petraea and Q. robur)

International audienceIn the post-genomics era, non-model species like most Fagaceae still lack operational diversity resources for population genomics studies. Sequence data were produced from over 800 gene fragments covering ~530 kb across the genic partition of European oaks, in a discovery panel of 25 individuals from western and central Europe (11 Quercus petraea, 13 Q. robur, one Q. ilex as an outgroup). Regions targeted represented broad functional categories potentially involved in species ecological preferences, and a random set of genes. Using a high-quality dedicated pipeline, we provide a detailed characterization of these genic regions, which included over 14500 polymorphisms, with ~12500 SNPs −218 being triallelic-, over 1500 insertion-deletions, and ~200 novel di- and tri-nucleotide SSR loci. This catalog also provides various summary statistics within and among species, gene ontology information, and standard formats to assist loci choice for genotyping projects. The distribution of nucleotide diversity (θπ) and differentiation (FST) across genic regions are also described for the first time in those species, with a mean n θπ close to ~0.0049 in Q. petraea and to ~0.0045 in Q. robur across random regions, and a mean FST ~0.13 across SNPs. The magnitude of diversity across genes is within the range estimated for long-term perennial outcrossers, and can be considered relatively high in the plant kingdom, with an estimate across the genome of 41 to 51 million SNPs expected in both species. Individuals with typical species morphology were more easily assigned to their corresponding genetic cluster for Q. robur than for Q. petraea, revealing higher or more recent introgression in Q. petraea and a stronger species integration in Q. robur in this particular discovery panel. We also observed robust patterns of a slightly but significantly higher diversity in Q. petraea, across a random gene set and in the abiotic stress functional category, and a heterogeneous landscape of both diversity and differentiation. To explain these patterns, we discuss an alternative and non-exclusive hypothesis of stronger selective constraints in Q. robur, the most pioneering species in oak forest stand dynamics, additionally to the recognized and documented introgression history in both species despite their strong reproductive barriers. The quality of the data provided here and their representativity in terms of species genomic diversity make them useful for possible applications in medium-scale landscape and molecular ecology projects. Moreover, they can serve as reference resources for validation purposes in larger-scale resequencing projects. This type of project is preferentially recommended in oaks in contrast to SNP array development, given the large nucleotide variation and the low levels of linkage disequilibrium revealed

High-quality SNPs from genic regions highlight introgression patterns among European white oaks (Quercus petraea and Q. robur)

In the post-genomics era, non-model species like most Fagaceae still lack operational diversity resources for population genomics studies. We completed the analyses of Sanger sequences produced from over 800 gene fragments covering ~530 kb across the genic partition of European oaks in a range-wide sampling of 25 individuals (11 Quercus petraea, 13 Q. robur, one Q. ilex as an outgroup). Regions targeted represented broad functional categories potentially involved in species ecological preferences, and a random set of genes. Using a high-quality dedicated pipeline, we provide a detailed characterization of over 14500 polymorphisms, including ~12500 SNPs -218 being triallelic-, over 1500 insertion-deletions, and ~200 novel di- and tri-nucleotide SSR loci. This catalog also includes various summary statistics within and among species, gene ontology information, and standard formats to assist loci choice for genotyping projects. The distribution of nucleotide diversity and differentiation across genic regions are also described for the first time in those species (mean θπ close to ~0.0049 in Q. petraea and to ~0.0045 in Q. robur across random regions, and mean FST ~0.13 across SNPs). Robust patterns were observed which emphasize a slightly but significantly higher diversity in Q. petraea, across a random gene set and in the abiotic stress functional category, and a heterogeneous landscape of both diversity and differentiation. These patterns are discussed in the context of both species documented introgression history despite strong reproductive barriers. The quality, representativity in terms of species genomic diversity, and usefulness of the resources provided are discussed for possible applications in medium scale landscape ecology projects, and as a reference resource for validation purposes in larger-scale re-sequencing projects. These are preferentially recommended in oaks in contrast to SNP array development, given the large nucleotide variation and low levels of linkage disequilibrium revealed