Trematode infection among freshwater gastropods in the Gharb area, Morocco

In the summer of 2012 and the spring of 2013, a snail survey aimed at determining relationships between the distribution of molluscan fauna, various environmental factors and trematode infection was carried out in the Gharb area, Morocco. The molluscan fauna consisted of eleven species belonging to 6 families, (including 9 gastropods and 2 bivalves). Cercariae belonging to five families were collected. Only Melanopsis praemorsa, Lymnea peregra and Lymnaea truncatula issued the cercariae. No case of mixed-species infections was found. The present study, first of its kind at the Gharb region, paved the way for other studies to know information about the distribution and ecology of freshwater molluscs in the region. Keywords : Cercariae, freshwater gastropods, Trematode infection, The Garb area, Morocco.

LES CONTRAINTES LIEES A L’INTEGRATION DU TIC DANS L’ENSEIGNEMENT DES SCIENCES DE LA VIE ET DE LA TERRE AU MAROC

The deep transformations that the international education system iswitnessingmakesit a necessity for the Moroccaneducational system to integrate the techniques of communication and information in the teachingprocess.This researchaimsatpresenting the current situation of integrating the ICT in teaching the sciences of life and earth in the city of Khemisset as well as the challenges related to it. The results of the researchteach us thatthereis no real pedagogicalintegration in this regard. Thus, everyattempt of introducingtheseinnovative techniques in teaching are to takeintoaccount the obstacles underscored in ourfieldresearch

Tuberculose de l’omoplate chez l’enfant: à propos d’une localisation exceptionnelle

La tuberculose osseuse est une maladie infectieuse qui constitue un véritable problème de santé publique dans les pays en voie de développement où elle sévit de manière endémique. L'atteinte ostéo-articulaire représente 1 à 5% des cas de tuberculose toutes localisations confondues, l'atteinte de l'épaule reste très rare et représente 1 à 2% des localisations ostéo-articulaires. Nous présentons ici un nouveau cas exceptionnel d'une infection tuberculeuse de l'omoplate, atteignant le corps de l'omoplate. La tuberculose est encore un diagnostic différentiel important des maladies rares ou chroniques des os, notamment tumorales. Le diagnostic a été redressé par l'étude anatomopathologique.Mots clés: Omoplate, tuberculose, enfantEnglish Title: Scapular involvement: uncommon presentation of childhood tuberculosisEnglish AbstractTuberculosis of bone is an infectious disease which represents a major public health problem in developing countries where it is endemic. Osteoarticular involvement accounts for 1-5% of all cases of tuberculosis, shoulder involvement is very rare and accounts for 1-2% of all cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis. We here report an uncommon case of TB infection involving the scapula, reaching the scapular body. Tuberculosis is still an important differential diagnosis of rare or chronic bone diseases, including tumors. In our study anatomopathological examination led to the diagnosis.Keywords: Scapula, tuberculosis, chil

ETUDE DE L’EXPRESSION DES COMPORTEMENTS MOTIVES DES ELEVES POUR L’EDUCATION PHYSIQUE ET SPORTIVE (EPS)

The motivation and determination of the many factors that cause the learners desire to learn or not, is a theme that has been widely apprehended in an educational context and sports. This study aims at knowing the various styles of behaviour of the pupils when they are justify for the courses of PES. Hundred and seventy-five pupils stemming from four public secondary establishments of Taza (Morocco), from 12 to 18 years old were subjected to an opened questionnaire evaluating their behavioural expressions according to four times which make a session of physical and sports education PSE : before the course, during the heating, during the course and after the course. The results reveal overall that when the courses of PSE interest the pupils, they express it by classifiable styles of behaviour in the order of: punctuality, the concentration, the active participation and positive emotional demonstrations of physical well-being and good mood after the courses

CONTRIBUTION A LA CONNAISSANCE DE L’ETAT ACTUEL DE LA FAUNE BENTHIQUE DE L’ECOSYSTEME ESTUARIEN DE L’EMBOUCHURE DE LA MOULOUYA (MAROC)

Moulouya is the largest river flowing into the mediterranean. A study of the current state of the benthic fish fauna of the mouth of the river was conducted between january 2014 and may 2014. The results were used to inventory 47 species divided into 04 classes. Mollusks are the most numerous, with 26 species.Crustaceans representing 33.4% of the population collected. Atyaephyradesmarestii found is the most abundant species (69,4%).This study aims at the realization of a recent taxonomic inventory (2014) wildlife estuarine ecosystem of the mouth of the moulouya (morocco). Indeed four systematic groups and 933 individuals were surveyed

Prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in the context of climate change among newly recruited contract teachers in Morocco

Teaching has been identified as one of a highly stressful jobs. As known, this job is linked to development of neuropsychiatric. However, there is a little background about the assessment of these problems among Moroccan teachers. This study aims to measure the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression among 150 newly recruited contractual primary teachers in KHEMISSET city using three international scales. The perceived stress scale (PSS) for stress, the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for anxiety and depression. The results show that 95.9% of the teachers are stressed. In contrast, among these teachers newly recruited 94.9% and 72.4% do not suffer from depression and anxiety, respectively. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the stress, anxiety and depression scores between male and female teachers (p > 0.05). The prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among newly recruited contract teachers in Morocco, specifically in the context of climate change, can be influenced by various factors. In conclusion, this study suggest that teachers are more susceptible to stress, depression and anxiety and suitable steps should be taken to enhance the mental health of these teachers, thus guaranteeing good quality education

False aneurysm of the radial artery: Unusual complication of both-bone forearm fracture in children: A case report

False aneurysm or pseudo aneurysm of an artery in close proximity to fractured bone is a well-recognized entity, and fewer various cases, involving different sites have been reported in the literature. We report new case of a Moroccan's patient who had 10-year-old boy presented with a right non displaced both-bone forearm fracture; the patient was placed in a long arm splint. After, six weeks, the cast was removed. And a pulsatile mass on the volar-radial aspect of the forearm was decouvred. The mass was non-tender and the patient had radial and ulnar pulse. An Ultrasound and brachial angiography showed a false aneurysm of distal radial and the radial artery was ligated

An evaluation of emerging vaccines for childhood pneumococcal pneumonia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Pneumonia is the leading cause of child mortality worldwide. <it>Streptococcus pneumoniae</it> (SP) or <it>pneumococcus</it> is estimated to cause 821,000 child deaths each year. It has over 90 serotypes, of which 7 to 13 serotypes are included in current formulations of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines that are efficacious in young children. To further reduce the burden from SP pneumonia, a vaccine is required that could protect children from a greater diversity of serotypes. Two different types of vaccines against pneumococcal pneumonia are currently at varying stages of development: a multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine covering additional SP serotypes; and a conserved common pneumococcal protein antigen (PPA) vaccine offering protection for all serotypes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used a modified CHNRI methodology for setting priorities in health research investments. This was done in two stages. In Stage I, we systematically reviewed the literature related to emerging SP vaccines relevant to several criteria of interest: answerability; efficacy and effectiveness; cost of development, production and implementation; deliverability, affordability and sustainability; maximum potential for disease burden reduction; acceptability to the end users and health workers; and effect on equity. In Stage II, we conducted an expert opinion exercise by inviting 20 experts (leading basic scientists, international public health researchers, international policy makers and representatives of pharmaceutical companies). The policy makers and industry representatives accepted our invitation on the condition of anonymity, due to sensitive nature of their involvement in such exercises. They answered questions from CHNRI framework and their “collective optimism” towards each criterion was documented on a scale from 0 to 100%.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The experts expressed very high level of optimism (over 80%) that low-cost polysaccharide conjugate SP vaccines would satisfy each of the 9 relevant CHNRI criteria. The median potential effectiveness of conjugate SP vaccines in reduction of overall childhood pneumonia mortality was predicted to be about 25% (interquartile range 20-38%, min. 15%, max 45%). For low cost, cross-protective common protein vaccines for SP the experts expressed concerns over answerability (72%) and the level of development costs (50%), while the scores for all other criteria were over 80%. The median potential effectiveness of common protein vaccines in reduction of overall childhood pneumonia mortality was predicted to be about 30% (interquartile range 26-40%, min. 20%, max 45%).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Improved SP vaccines are a very promising investment that could substantially contribute to reduction of child mortality world-wide.</p