Oxidation Of Methyl Mercaptan And Hydrogen Sulphide In A Flow Reactor With Corona Discharge

The reactions of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulphide with air were studied separately in a tubular flow reactor which was essentially an electrostatic precipitator of the wire-cylinder type.;The products of both reactions were identified by spectroscopic methods such as NMR, IR, and MS as well as analytical methods. The oxidation products of methyl mercaptan found were water, sulphur dioxide, and dimethyl sulphone as end products and dimethyl disulphide and dimethyl sulphide as intermediates. These intermediates reacted further by using higher values of current and/or mean residence time of gaseous mixtures through the reactor. On the other hand, the oxidation products of hydrogen sulphide were always water and sulphur dioxide.;Kinetic data were collected using a calibrated gas chromatograph. These data were then used to evaluate the kinetic parameters of the reactions.;There were indications that the main role of the corona discharge was to produce several species of excited molecular oxygen which were responsible for the oxidation of the present sulphur compounds. The concentration of these species was correlated to the electrical parameters of the system.;Variables energy yield and volumetric rate were used to present the data obtained. The effect of the operating conditions and the reactor dimensions on these two variables was studied in detail

Modular pipeline fast Fourier transform

A modular pipeline algorithm and architecture for computing discrete Fourier transforms is described. For an N point transform, two pipeline √{square root over (N)} point fast Fourier transform (FFT) modules are combined with a center element. The center element contains memories, multipliers and control logic. Compared with standard N point pipeline FFTs, the modular pipeline FFT maintains the bandwidth of existing pipeline FFTs with reduced dynamic power consumption and reduced complexity of the overall hardware pipeline.Board of Regents, University of Texas Syste

The notion of taboo with special reference to the Arabs.

This thesis is intended as a contribution to an anthropological study of the notion of tabee, with special reference to its manifestation, inter-connections and inter-relations with various social institutions among the Arabs. The primary aim is to formulate the ideas underlying the stystem in its many aspects. To show how ritual avoidances serve to establish or reflect certain fundamental social values to objects of important common interests, to events and even eventualities which crouse common concern and to situations and occasions which could not be controlled by technical means of the peoples concerned. Its immediate object is to demonstrate that the notion of taboo is not only of mere academic interest, but is also of emnirical, practical and secular importance. Ritual avoidances are considered as an integrate part of the mechanism by which the society maintains its existonce. It has been our method to cleave rather closely to primitive phenomena in analyising and examining the literature at hand. In the meantime we have carried the investigation through its successive stages to higher ethical and sophisticated manifestations of the notion in the hope of discovering the fundamental principles regulating the inatitution, and of determining the chief and general phases of its expression amon the Arabs, with the corresponding social and ritual values. For purposes of comparative study, we are partly concerned with ideas common both to the Arabs and various other simpler communities

Prevalence of Dyslipidemia among Healthy University Students: Fayoum Governorate, Egypt.

Introduction:. Dyslipidemia is a well known and major modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Increased prevalence of these abnormalities in young adulthood, increase the prevalence of CHD later on life. Objectives: to estimate the prevalence and patterns of serum lipid profiles and associated factors among university students in Fayoum University students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of 384 Fayoum university students. Fasting blood samples were collected from all participants and assayed for fasting total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Results: According to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 44.3% , hypercholesterolemia prevalence was 38.8%, hypertrigyceridemia 29.7%   low HDL-C 27.1% and high LDL-C 33.1%  Significant associated factors of dyslipidemia among study participants were urban residence, increasing age,  physical inactivity ,overweight&obesity, abdominal obesity frequent fast food consumption and Low fruit and vegetables consumption Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia is high among Fayoum university students, important associated factors are obesity and overweight,  physical inactivity , unhealthy dietary habits  that need to be tackled through intervention programs

Effect of ascorbic acid on behaviour of Wistar rats exposed to environmental heat stress

Introduction: The hot-dry season in the Northern Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria is characterized by high ambient temperature and high relative humidity which imposes heat stress on the body resulting in enormous generation of free radicals and behavioural changes. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of ascorbic acid (AA) on behavior of Wistar rats exposed to environmental in heat stress. Methods: Thirty Wistar rats weighing 140-160g were divided into 3 groups of 10 each. Group 1 served as control and was administered normal saline 1ml/kg orally, groups 2 exposed to environmental temperature of 38 ± 1 0C and group 3 were exposed to environmental temperature of 38 ± 1 0C and administered AA at 100mg/kg orally for 21 days. Behavioral activity in the open-field was assessed on days 1, 7, 14 and 21. Results: The results showed a significant increase in pellets count, urination and immobilization in the control and heat exposed group compared to AA treated on days 1 and 7. Rearing, grooming and ambulation were significantly decreased in AA treated group on day 1, 7 and 14. There was no significant behavioral change on the 21st day indicating habituation. Conclusion: It was concluded that ascorbic acid ameliorated some of the behavioral changes induced by environmental heat stress and therefore, individuals working in high temperature zones should be advised to be taking vitamin C supplements

Evaluation of serum hepcidin in assessment of iron status in renal transplant patients

Background: Hepcidin is a 25 aminoacid peptide that isproduced primarily by the liver in response to a varietyof stimuli known to modulate tissue iron stores and itsserum availability. It circulates in plasma, is filtered bythe kidney, and accumulates in urine. The presence ofhepcidin in the plasma negatively regulates the egress ofiron from the cells and macrophages, involved intransport of iron into the extracellular spaces. Hepcidinbinds to ferroportin 1 present on the cell surface leadingto the internalization of ferroportin 1 and subsequentdegradation. Hepcidin has also been shown to be anacute phase reactant increased by interleukin 6 (IL-6) andmarkedly induced by infection and inflammation.Documentation of the role of hepcidin in thedevelopment of anemia in chronic kidney disease andwhether it can be used as a marker of iron status inchronic kidney disease (CKD) has been sought in manystudies.The aim of this study was to detect the value of hepcidinas a marker of iron status in post renal transplantrecipients as compared with chronic renal failure (CRF)patients on hemodialysis.Results: In our study we found the level of serumprohepcidin in the renal transplant recipient group to becomparable to the control group. In the group with CKDthe serum prohepcidin was significantly lower thancontrols as well as the transplant recipients (p-value:0.00). There was no significant difference between theCKD group with higher hemoglobin and those withlower hemoglobin. From the correlation between theacute phase proteins and prohepcidin we found a positivecorrelation between serum ferritin, CRP and prohepcidinonly in the group with CKD on hemodialysis.Conclusion: We suggest that serum prohepcidin can be used as a routine measurement in transplant recipients as an indicator of the iron stores in the body. Further dedicated studies on large groups of patients need to be done to verify the usefulness of such a test

THEEFFECT OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITORS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Objective: The aim of this study was is to investigate the proposed beneficial cardiovascular effects of a novel class of antidiabetic drugs named; dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors. In this study, we compared the effect of using add-on therapy of vildagliptin (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; DPP-4i) and gliclazide (sulphonylurea; SU) to that when using gliclazide monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) on different cardiovascular outcomes.Methods: A total of 60 patients diagnosed with T2DM, and ACS were randomly recruited into two treatment groups each of 30 patients to receive either gliclazide monotherapy (SU) or vildagliptin (DPP4i)+gliclazide (SU) add-on therapy, administered in a double-blind fashion. Outpatient visits were scheduled at 3, 6, and 12 mo where patient was reevaluated for cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and followed up for any arising cardiovascular complication.Results: The vildagliptin (DPP4i) plus gliclazide (SU) add-on therapy group have significantly shown more improved glycemic control, lipid profile and ventricular performance compared to gliclazide (SU) monotherapy group with p values<0.05.Conclusion: Vildagliptin as a DPP4i provides favourable cardiovascular effects beyond glucose control. Yet, its long-term safety and efficacy data still needs further investigations

Conservative approach in the management o fisolated penetrating liver trauma

No Abstract

AGGEZI AND KORONEIKI OLIVE TREES AS AFFECTED BY ORGANIC AND BIO – FERTILIZERS, CALCIUM CITRATE AND POTASSEINE

The present study was carried out in an olive orchard at 6th of October city, Giza Governorate, Egypt during 2002 and 2003 growing seasons on “Aggezi” and “Koroneiki” olive cultivars for table and oil purposes, respectively. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of organic farmyard manure (FYM), compost (COM) manure and biofertilizers (Bio) as the combination between phosphorene and nitrobeine, calcium citrate (Cac) and potasseine (K). Besides, the fertilization program adopted in the farm [N (750g/tree), P2O5 (600g/tree) & K2O (500g/tree)] was used as control. The results revealed that, the application of different aforemen-tioned treatments increased significantly shoot growth (length and diameter, number of leaves shoot and area/leaf) compared to the control in both cultivars (Aggezi and Koroneiki) during the two growing seasons. In this concern, the application of FYM+Cac influenced significantly shoot length & diameter, number of leaves/shoot and area/leaf of Koroneiki cv. and shoot diameter of Aggezi cv. Meantime the area /leaf of both cvs.increased when fertilized by FYM+COM+Cac. Whereas, the com-bination of FYM, COM, Cac, Bio, and K improved significantly blooming charac-teristics (number of flowers/inflorescence, inflorescence length and perfect flowers %) of Aggezi and Koroneiki olive cvs. However, number of fruits/shoot and yield of both cultivars increased significantly when treated by the combination of organic and biofertilizers, especially FYM+COM+Bio. Moreover, pulp/seed ratio was in-creased when treated with FYM+Bio (especially in 1st season). In addition, Koro-neiki cv. when provided with FYM+COM+Bio treatment produced the richest fruits in their oil content. Aggezi cv. trees when fertilized with the combination of organic manure & calcium, gave higher contents of chlorophyll (A), (B) & total chlorophyll, however, in Koroneiki cv. chlorophyll B didn't affect. Eventually, nutrient elements (NPK) contents didn't take a definite trend except for N which was affected signifi-cantly with the different combinations, while P & K in Aggezi leaves were influ-enced by FYM only. On the other hand, Koroneiki trees treated with COM+Bio had the highest leaf N content. Leaf P content was positively affected by FYM+Cac in 2002 and FYM+COM+Bio in 2003. Meantime, FYM+K followed by COM+Bio in-duced the highest stimulative effect on leaf K content