A comparison of hydrostatic reduction in children with intussusception versus surgery: Single-centre experience

Background: Intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in infancy and childhood. Early diagnosis and effective management have reduced its morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Non-surgical reduction remains the first-line treatment of choice for intussusception. The major complication of air enema reduction is bowel perforation and portal venous gas. In recent years, several techniques have been recommended for intussusception treatment. In this study, an evaluation was made of intussusception cases that presented at our clinic and had reduction applied together with saline under ultrasonography and cases, which were surgically treated. Our aim of this study is to evaluate the results of hydrostatic reduction under ultrasound guided and to compare the results with patients treated by surgery for the management of intussusception. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was done of the records of 100 cases treated for a diagnosis of intussusception between April 2011 and April 2013, in Department of Paediatric Surgery, Zagazig University Hospital. Patients were evaluated demographics, clinical presentation and management strategy, during the hospitalisation and outcome. Results: This study includes 100 patients diagnosed with intussusception, sixty males and forty females, the age ranged between 1 month and 7 years old. Ultrasound was applied for all patients as a part of diagnosis. Hydrostatic reduction under ultrasound guide was applied to fifty patients, successful hydrostatic reduction was seen in thirty patients and unsuccessful hydrostatic reduction was seen in twenty patients which admitted for surgery, we did not do another chance of hydrostatic reduction for unsuccessful patients, open surgery was done for seventy patients, during surgery, we found ileocolic intussusception in forty patients, ileoileal in twenty patients and colocolic intussusception in ten patients. Leading point of intussusception was seen in 22 patients, Meckel's diverticulum in ten patients, polyp in five patients and lymphoma in seven patients. Manual reduction was done in forty patients and resection anastomosis was done in thirty patients. No mortality in any case. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception is a safe technique which reduces the duration of hospitalisation and treatment costs

Electron diffraction study of the structures of grain boundaries in germanium

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX92493 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Incidence and Short term Outcome of Management of Neonatal Intestial Obstructin (NIO)

Introduction: Neonatal intestinal obstruction (NIO) is a challenging and common emergency situation in pediatric surgery. In order to successfully manage it one should make a timely diagnosis and apply standard treatment.Management of neonatal intestinal obstructions have improved in many developed countries, but still show high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This study was done to evaluate the incidence and short term outcome of neonatal intestinal obstruction at the department of pediatric surgery, Zagazig university hospitals in Egypt.Material and Methods:This retrospective study included 84 patients whom presented with intestinal obstruction during their first month of life to the emergency departments of Zagazig university hospitals in Egypt from Jan 2008 to Jan 2011and were managed surgically.Results:Of these 84 patients 50 were males and 34 were female. The mean age at presentation was 3.5 (2-10) days for duodenal atresia, 2.5 (3-5) days for jejunoileal  atresia , 2 (1-10) days for meconium ileus with perforation, 2 (1-5) days for patients with volvulus, 7 (5-20) days for colonic atresia, 20 (10-30) days for Hirschsprung disease, 25 (5-30) days for patients with obstructed congenital inguinal hernia and 2 (1-4) days for anorectal malformations. Surgery was done for all patients after resuscitation. Death occurred in 10 patients (12%). In 3 patients with jejunoileal atresia anastomotic leakage occurred; they underwent re-operation but died. In 3 patients with duodenal atresia death occurred postoperatively from sepsis and DIC. Two patients with high anorectal malformations died 2 days post operative from associated cardiac anomalies and 2 patients with colonic atresia died post operatively from sepsis and electrolyte imbalance.Conclusion:The most common cause of intestinal obstruction in neonates in our study was anorectal malformations and obstructed congenital inguinal hernia. Mortality and morbidity is still high compared with statistics from developed countries due to late presentation to pediatric surgeon and there is no specific neonatal surgical intensive care unit beside the pediatric surgery department in our center

Engineering seismological studies in and around Zagazig city, Sharkia, Egypt

The aim of this paper is to study the ground vibrations using Nakamura technique to evaluate the relation between the ground conditions and the earthquake characteristics. Microtremor measurements were carried out at 55 sites in and around Zagazig city. The signals were processed using horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) technique to estimate the fundamental frequencies of the soil deposits and its corresponding H/V amplitude. Seismic measurements were acquired at nine sites for recording the surface waves. The recorded waveforms were processed using the multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method to infer the shear wave velocity profile. The obtained fundamental frequencies were found to be ranging from 0.7 to 1.7 Hz and the maximum H/V amplitude reached 6.4. These results together with the average shear wave velocity in the surface layers were used for the estimation of the thickness of the upper most soft cover layers (depth to bedrock). The sediment thickness generally increases at the northeastern and southwestern parts of the area which is in good agreement with the local geological structure. The results of this work showed the zones of higher potential damage in the event of an earthquake in the study area