L’entreprise face aux défis du boycott

L’entreprise face aux défis du boycottCet article, se focalise sur les implications de l’utilisation du pouvoir d’achat à des fins de contestation des prix exercés par les entreprises, ou ce qu’on s’attèle à appeler aujourd’hui le mouvement du boycott ou de la «consom-action», ou bien encore la «consommation citoyenne». Il s’intéresse également aux enjeux et défis que les entreprises marocaines sont appelées à dépasser pour faire face à ce phénomène. En se basant sur une lecture des données quantitatives et qualitatives sur le phénomène du boycott, l'article tire quelques enseignements susceptibles d’enrichir les modèles de gestion des crises liés au boycott d’entreprises.Mots-clés : boycott, consom-action, consommation militante, consommation citoyenne, gestion des crises.AbstractThe company faces the boycott challengesThis article focuses on the implications of using purchasing power to challenge corporate prices, or what we are trying to call today the boycott or " consom-action ”, or even“ citizen consumption ”.It is also interested in the issues and challenges that Moroccan companies are called upon to overcome in order to face this phenomenon. Based on a reading of quantitative and qualitative data on the movement, the article draws some lessons likely to enrich the crisis management models linked to the boycott of companies.Keywords: boycott, cons-action, militant consumption, citizen consumption, crisis management. الملخصالشركات وتحديات المقاطعةتركز هذه المقالة على الآثار المترتبة على استخدام القوة الشرائية لتحدي أسعار الشركات، أو ما نحاول تسميته اليوم بالمقاطعة أو " العمل الاستهلاكي "، أو حتى" الاستهلاك المواطن ".. كما أنه يهتم بالقضايا والتحديات التي يتعين على الشركات المغربية التغلب عليها لمواجهة هذه الظاهرة. واستناداً إلى قراءة البيانات الكمية والنوعية عن الحركة، فإنها تستخلص بعض الدروس التي من المرجح أن تثري النماذج المتعلقة بإدارة الأزمات ومقاطعة الشركات على وجه الخصوص.الكلمات المفتاحية: المقاطعة، الاستهلاك المواطن، العمل الاستهلاكي، إدارة الأزمات

INTELLIGENT CONTROLLING THE GRIPPING FORCE OF AN OBJECT BY TWO COMPUTER-CONTROLLED COOPERATIVE ROBOTS

This paper presents a Multiple Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (MANFIS)-based method for regulating the handling force of a common object. The foundation of this method is the prediction of the inverse dynamics of a cooperative robotic system made up of two 3-DOF robotic manipulators. Considering the no slip in contact between the tool and the object, an object is moved. to create and feed the MANFIS database, the inverse kinematics and dynamic equations of motion for the closed chain of motion for both arms are established in Matlab. Results from a SimMechanic simulation are given to demonstrate how well the suggested ANFIS controller works. Several manipulated object movements covering the shared workspace of the two manipulator arms are used to test the proposed control strategy

Hemangiopericytome nasosinusien: difficulté diagnostique et thérapeutique

L’hemangiopericytome est une tumeur vasculaire rare, développée à partir des pericytes des capillaires, dans sa localisation nasosinusienne elle ne représente que 0 .5% de l’ensemble des tumeurs de cette région. Une jeune de 35ans a présenté une tumeur rapidement évolutive au cours du bilan diagnostic, l’étude anatomopathologique a conclu à un hémangiopericytome.Key words: Hémangiopericytome nasosinusien, histologi

EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR MUTATIONAL PROFILE IN LUNG CANCER - MOROCCAN COHORT

Background: Lung cancer constitutes the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide, with approximately 85% of lung cancer cases being non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) histological type. The study of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutational profile in non-small cell lung cancer patients has a special clinical significance in the selection of patients for tyrosine-kinase inhibitor therapy. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency and spectrum of EGFR mutations in a cohort of Moroccan patients with lung cancer using the ADx- ARMS technology as routine method. Materials and methods: We performed this study by processing 164 cases of NSCLC patients recruited between 2015 and 2018. Using the DNA extracted from the formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded FFPE tissue, we evaluated EGFR mutations using HRM-PCR, real time PCR “ADx- ARMS technology for results confirmation. Results: The distribution of EGFR mutations in our cohort was as follows: 70% of patients having a deletion in exon 19, 10% in exon 21(L858R), 10% in exon 20 and 10% in exon 18 (G719X). Conclusion: These results shows the need to incorporate the EGFR mutation test into routine practice and to develop rapid technological approaches in our laboratories for the availability of effective targeted therapy.

The tale of TILs in breast cancer : a report from the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed deathligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC.The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia; the Cure; the Royal Australasian College of Physicians; the NIH/NCI ; the National Breast Cancer Foundation of Australia Endowed Chair; the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, New York and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF).www.nature.com/npjbcanceram2022Immunolog

Polyphenol-Based Nanoparticles: A Promising Frontier for Enhanced Colorectal Cancer Treatment

Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant challenge in healthcare, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. Natural compounds such as polyphenols with inherent anticancer properties have gained attention as potential therapeutic agents. This review highlights the need for novel therapeutic approaches in CRC, followed by a discussion on the synthesis of polyphenols-based nanoparticles. Various synthesis techniques, including dynamic covalent bonding, non-covalent bonding, polymerization, chemical conjugation, reduction, and metal-polyphenol networks, are explored. The mechanisms of action of these nanoparticles, encompassing passive and active targeting mechanisms, are also discussed. The review further examines the intrinsic anticancer activity of polyphenols and their enhancement through nano-based delivery systems. This section explores the natural anticancer properties of polyphenols and investigates different nano-based delivery systems, such as micelles, nanogels, liposomes, nanoemulsions, gold nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and metal–organic frameworks. The review concludes by emphasizing the potential of nanoparticle-based strategies utilizing polyphenols for CRC treatment and highlights the need for future research to optimize their efficacy and safety. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the synthesis, mechanisms of action, intrinsic anticancer activity, and enhancement of polyphenols-based nanoparticles for CRC treatment

The tale of TILs in breast cancer: A report from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC

A regionally based precision medicine implementation initiative in North Africa:The PerMediNA consortium

International audiencePrecision Medicine is being increasingly used in the developed world to improve health care. While several Precision Medicine (PM) initiatives have been launched worldwide, their implementations have proven to be more challenging particularly in low- and middle-income countries. To address this issue, the “Personalized Medicine in North Africa” initiative (PerMediNA) was launched in three North African countries namely Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. PerMediNA is coordinated by Institut Pasteur de Tunis together with the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs, with the support of Institut Pasteur in France. The project is carried out along with Institut Pasteur d’Algérie and Institut Pasteur du Maroc in collaboration with national and international leading institutions in the field of PM including Institut Gustave Roussy in Paris. PerMediNA aims to assess the readiness level of PM implementation in North Africa, to strengthen PM infrastructure, to provide workforce training, to generate genomic data on North African populations, to implement cost effective, affordable and sustainable genetic testing for cancer patients and to inform policy makers on how to translate research knowledge into health products and services. Gender equity and involvement of young scientists in this implementation process are other key goals of the PerMediNA project.In this paper, we are describing PerMediNA as the first PM implementation initiative in North Africa. Such initiatives contribute significantly in shortening existing health disparities and inequities between developed and developing countries and accelerate access to innovative treatments for global health

The tale of TILs in breast cancer: A report from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC