Exergoeconomic and Environmental Modeling of Integrated Polygeneration Power Plant with Biomass-Based Syngas Supplemental Firing

There is a burden of adequate energy supply for meeting demand and reducing emission to avoid the average global temperature of above 2 °C of the pre-industrial era. Therefore, this study presents the exergoeconomic and environmental analysis of a proposed integrated multi-generation plant (IMP), with supplemental biomass-based syngas firing. An in-service gas turbine plant, fired by natural gas, was retrofitted with a gas turbine (GT), steam turbine (ST), organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for cooling and power production, a modified Kalina cycle (KC) for power production and cooling, and a vapour absorption system (VAB) for cooling. The overall network, energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency of the IMP were estimated at 183 MW, 61.50% and 44.22%, respectively. The specific emissions were estimated at 122.2, 0.222, and 3.0 × 10−7 kg/MWh for CO2, NOx, and CO, respectively. Similarly, the harmful fuel emission factor, and newly introduced sustainability indicators—exergo-thermal index (ETI) and exergetic utility exponent (EUE)—were obtained as 0.00067, 0.675, and 0.734, respectively. The LCC of $1.58 million was obtained, with a payback of 4 years, while the unit cost of energy was estimated at 0.0166$/kWh. The exergoeconomic factor and the relative cost difference of the IMP were obtained as 50.37% and 162.38%, respectively. The optimum operating parameters obtained by a genetic algorithm gave the plant’s total cost rate of 125.83 $/hr and exergy efficiency of 39.50%. The proposed system had the potential to drive the current energy transition crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic shock in the energy sector

E-Readiness of Public Extension Personnel for Service Delivery in Benue State, Nigeria

  This study assessed the e-readiness of the public extension personnel in Benue State of Nigeria for effective extension service delivery. Data were collected from seventy-seven (77) personnel randomly sampled. Frequency counts, percentages and mean scores were used to summarize the data collected while e-readiness index was used to assess the overall readiness of the personnel. Result reveals that the majority (74.0%) had HND/ First degree as their highest educational qualification, with an average of 28 years work experience.Effectiveness in extension service delivery is largely a function of the management and networking of information and knowledge, which is dependents on communication technologies. This study assessed the e-readiness of the public extension personnel in Benue State of Nigeria for effective extension service delivery. Data were collected from seventy-seven (77) personnel randomly sampled. Frequency counts, percentages and mean scores were used to summarize the data collected while e-readiness index was used to assess the overall readiness of the personnel. Result reveals that majority (74.0%) had HND/ First degree as their highest educational qualification, with an average of 28 years work experience. The technologies available to personnel were alternative power generator (97.4%), computers (72.2%) and e-library (58.4%). The majority (76.6%) of the respondents opined that their computers were not in functional state. On their proficiency of computer usage, power point presentation (M= 2.00), email operation (M= 2.00) and excel spread sheet (M= 2.00) had the highest perceived proficiency. Public extension personnel in the State were barely ready on the resources available (RA = 1.97) and not ready on the accessibility to ICT (AICT = 1.35) and barely ready based on their perceived quality of ICTs (PQICT = 1.69), as well as perceived importance of ICTs (PIICT = 2.14) on the adherence to policies and regulations, they were barely ready (P&R= 1.93). In all public extension personnel in Benue State were barely ready (e-readiness = 1.816).      The study among other things recommends among other hings that the extension administrative staff should encourage the use of emails in exchanging information among staff

E-Readiness of Public Extension Personnel for Service Delivery in Benue State, Nigeria

  This study assessed the e-readiness of the public extension personnel in Benue State of Nigeria for effective extension service delivery. Data were collected from seventy-seven (77) personnel randomly sampled. Frequency counts, percentages and mean scores were used to summarize the data collected while e-readiness index was used to assess the overall readiness of the personnel. Result reveals that the majority (74.0%) had HND/ First degree as their highest educational qualification, with an average of 28 years work experience.Effectiveness in extension service delivery is largely a function of the management and networking of information and knowledge, which is dependents on communication technologies. This study assessed the e-readiness of the public extension personnel in Benue State of Nigeria for effective extension service delivery. Data were collected from seventy-seven (77) personnel randomly sampled. Frequency counts, percentages and mean scores were used to summarize the data collected while e-readiness index was used to assess the overall readiness of the personnel. Result reveals that majority (74.0%) had HND/ First degree as their highest educational qualification, with an average of 28 years work experience. The technologies available to personnel were alternative power generator (97.4%), computers (72.2%) and e-library (58.4%). The majority (76.6%) of the respondents opined that their computers were not in functional state. On their proficiency of computer usage, power point presentation (M= 2.00), email operation (M= 2.00) and excel spread sheet (M= 2.00) had the highest perceived proficiency. Public extension personnel in the State were barely ready on the resources available (RA = 1.97) and not ready on the accessibility to ICT (AICT = 1.35) and barely ready based on their perceived quality of ICTs (PQICT = 1.69), as well as perceived importance of ICTs (PIICT = 2.14) on the adherence to policies and regulations, they were barely ready (P&R= 1.93). In all public extension personnel in Benue State were barely ready (e-readiness = 1.816).      The study among other things recommends among other hings that the extension administrative staff should encourage the use of emails in exchanging information among staff

Effects of Household Waste Generation, Disposal and Management on Farmers’ Health in Owerri Metropolis of IMO State, Nigeria

The study investigated the effects of household waste generation, disposal and management on farmers' health in Owerri metropolis. It specifically ascertained the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, identified the types and sources of waste in the study area, examined the waste disposal and management methods in the study area examined the effects of inappropriate waste disposal and ascertained the appropriate waste disposal methods used in the study area. A multi stage sampling technique was used to select one hundred and eight farmers from the three Local Government Area in Owerri metropolis. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive statistics tool such as mean, frequency, percentage, and mean scores. Results show that waste is majorly generated from markets and residential homes. Waste disposal methods were mainly burning, landfills and open dumping. Its effects includes destroys the beauty of the environment, blocks gutters and drainage system, pollutes the environment among others. Subsequently, appropriate waste disposal methods in the study area includes burning of waste (29.17%), placing of bins at appropriate places (16.07%). The study recommends amongst others that waste management environmental agency should make waste dumps or receptacles accessible to residents, public campaigns should be embarked upon to educate the citizens on ills of dirty environment

Interlocked medullary nailing of femoral and tibial shaft fractures at the National Hospital, Abuja: The journey so far

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