61 research outputs found
Influential Factors for ICT Innovations in Sri Lanka University-Industry Collaboration: A Systematic Literature Review
A university is a center of knowledge creation, and industry can be a vibrant place for innovation. This paper examines the key factors influencing university-industry collaboration (UIC) innovation catalysts in Sri Lanka. The study employed a systematic procedure based on the Grounded Theory to investigate the factors contributing to the success of UICs, and attributes for innovation capacities. The investigation was guided by the research question: what factors of UICs influence ICT innovations in Sri Lanka? A total of 41 research papers was selected from Science Direct, Scopus, and Ebscohost based on the availability of full text, and their relevance for the research question. The results of the study revealed that management directives, financial support, policies, proximity dimension, and heterogeneity are key factors for a successful UIC
Water–Energy Nexus: Addressing Stakeholder Preferences in Jordan
The water and energy sectors are fundamentally linked. In Jordan, especially in the face of a changing climate, the water–energy nexus holds a number of challenges but also opportunities. A key point in exploring synergies is the identification of such, as well as the communication between the water and energy sectors. This paper promotes the importance of using a co-creative approach to help resolve opposing views and assessing stakeholder preferences in the context of the water–energy nexus in Jordan. A computer-supported, co-creative approach was used to evaluate stakeholder preferences and opinions on criteria and future scenarios for the energy and water sector in Jordan, identifying common difficulties and possibilities. The criteria describe socio-ecological aspects as well as techno-economic aspects for both systems. Discussing a set of preliminary scenarios describing possible energy and water futures ranked under a set of sector relevant criteria, a consensus between both stakeholder groups is reached. The robustness of results is determined, using a second-order probabilistic approach. The results indicate that there are no fundamental conflicts between the energy and water stakeholder groups. Applying a participatory multi-stakeholder, multi-criteria framework to the energy-water nexus case in Jordan promotes a clear understanding of where different stakeholder groups stand. This understanding and agreement can form the basis of a joint water–energy nexus policy used in the continued negotiation process between and within national and international cooperation, as well as promoting and developing acceptable suggestions to solve complex problems for both sectors
Terahertz magneto-optical spectroscopy of two-dimensional hole and electron systems
We have used terahertz (THz) magneto-optical spectroscopy to investigate the
cyclotron resonance in high mobility two-dimensional electron and hole systems.
Our experiments reveal long-lived (~20 ps) coherent oscillations in the
measured signal in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. The
cyclotron frequency extracted from the oscillations varies linearly with
magnetic field for a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), as expected. However,
we find that the complex non-parabolic valence band structure in a
two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) causes the cyclotron frequency and effective
mass to vary nonlinearly with the magnetic field, as verified by multiband
Landau level calculations. This is the first time that THz magneto-optical
spectroscopy has been used to study 2DHG, and we expect that these results will
motivate further studies of these unique 2D nanosystems.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure
Suppression of hole-hole scattering in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures under uniaxial compression
Resistance, magnetoresistance and their temperature dependencies have been
investigated in the 2D hole gas at a [001] p-GaAs/AlGaAs
heterointerface under [110] uniaxial compression. Analysis performed in the
frame of hole-hole scattering between carriers in the two spin splitted
subbands of the ground heavy hole state indicates, that h-h scattering is
strongly suppressed by uniaxial compression. The decay time of the
relative momentum reveals 4.5 times increase at a uniaxial compression of 1.3
kbar.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. submitted to Phys.Rev.
On the exciton binding energy in a quantum well
We consider a model describing the one-dimensional confinement of an exciton
in a symmetrical, rectangular quantum-well structure and derive upper and lower
bounds for the binding energy of the exciton. Based on these bounds, we
study the dependence of on the width of the confining potential with a
higher accuracy than previous reports. For an infinitely deep potential the
binding energy varies as expected from at large widths to at
small widths. For a finite potential, but without consideration of a mass
mismatch or a dielectric mismatch, we substantiate earlier results that the
binding energy approaches the value for both small and large widths,
having a characteristic peak for some intermediate size of the slab. Taking the
mismatch into account, this result will in general no longer be true. For the
specific case of a quantum-well
structure, however, and in contrast to previous findings, the peak structure is
shown to survive.Comment: 32 pages, ReVTeX, including 9 figure
Digital Transformation. Understanding Business Goals, Risks, Processes, and Decisions
Whilst digitisation is far from a new concept, many assume that simply introducing automation and information systems in various forms will be enough to make their organisation’s operations more efficient. This misconception can often lead to disarray and costly mistakes. Digital Transformation: Understanding Business Goals, Risks, Processes, and Decisions shows how to avoid such issues via careful consideration of what an enterprise really needs.
Unlike many other books on digital transformation, the authors do not dwell on database design or the details of implementing information systems. Instead, they emphasise the importance of a clear understanding of all aspects of an organisation in order to effectively implement and manage digital systems, from business goals and strategies to structuring information and making decisions, risk assessments, project management, organising, and procuring services and products.
Organised in eleven chapters, and drawing on examples from all over the world, this book will be of interest to university students of business administration, management, information systems, and computer science, as well as practitioners seeking to better understand how to handle digital transformation in their own organisation
Anomalous magneto-oscillations in two-dimensional systems
The frequencies of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations have long been used to
measure the unequal population of spin-split two-dimensional subbands in
inversion asymmetric systems. We report self-consistent numerical calculations
and experimental results which indicate that these oscillations are not simply
related to the zero-magnetic-field spin-subband densities.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; changed content (clarifications
Human immunotypes impose selection on viral genotypes through viral epitope specificity
BACKGROUND: Understanding the genetic interplay between human hosts and infectious pathogens is crucial for how we interpret virulence factors. Here, we tested for associations between HIV and host genetics, and interactive genetic effects on viral load (VL) in HIV+ ART-naive clinical trial participants. METHODS: HIV genomes were sequenced and the encoded amino acid (AA) variants were associated with VL, human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and imputed HLA alleles, using generalized linear models with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: Human (388,501 SNPs) and HIV (3,010 variants) genetic data was available for 2,122 persons. Four HIV variants were associated with VL (p-values<1.66×10 -5). Twelve HIV variants were associated with a range of 1-512 human SNPs (p-value<4.28×10 -11). We found 46 associations between HLA alleles and HIV variants (p-values<1.29×10 -7). We found HIV variants and immunotypes when analyzed separately, were associated with lower VL, whereas the opposite was true when analyzed in concert. Epitope binding prediction showed HLA alleles to be weaker binders of associated HIV AA variants relative to alternative variants on the same position. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show the importance of immunotype specificity on viral antigenic determinants, and the identified genetic interplay puts emphasis that viral and human genetics should be studied in the context of each other
Integration of decision support systems to improve decision support performance
Decision support system (DSS) is a well-established research and development area. Traditional isolated, stand-alone DSS has been recently facing new challenges. In order to improve the performance of DSS to meet the challenges, research has been actively carried out to develop integrated decision support systems (IDSS). This paper reviews the current research efforts with regard to the development of IDSS. The focus of the paper is on the integration aspect for IDSS through multiple perspectives, and the technologies that support this integration. More than 100 papers and software systems are discussed. Current research efforts and the development status of IDSS are explained, compared and classified. In addition, future trends and challenges in integration are outlined. The paper concludes that by addressing integration, better support will be provided to decision makers, with the expectation of both better decisions and improved decision making processes
Photoluminescence investigations of 2D hole Landau levels in p-type single Al_{x}Ga_{1-x}As/GaAs heterostructures
We study the energy structure of two-dimensional holes in p-type single
Al_{1-x}Ga_{x}As/GaAs heterojunctions under a perpendicular magnetic field.
Photoluminescence measurments with low densities of excitation power reveal
rich spectra containing both free and bound-carrier transitions. The
experimental results are compared with energies of valence-subband Landau
levels calculated using a new numerical procedure and a good agreement is
achieved. Additional lines observed in the energy range of free-carrier
recombinations are attributed to excitonic transitions. We also consider the
role of many-body effects in photoluminescence spectra.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted to Physical Review
- …