How Making it Easier to Succeed Reduces Success: IPO Reform and New Firm Performance

We examine how institutional changes that lower the barriers to successful exit influence the rate of IPO’s, the initial capitalization, and the performance of subsequent ventures. Such IPO market reforms are widespread, but their effectiveness is unclear. To do so, we take advantage of a quasi-natural experiment in which the IPO listing requirements in Japan were dramatically reduced. Using a unique database of over 19,000 new firms incorporated after 1982, we find that IPO market reform is a powerful institutional lever that increases the rate of IPOs. But it is also a narrow instrument that influences only few industries and triggers poor average performance in those industries. Overall, we find that IPO market reform is a complex institutional change. We conclude with contributions at the nexus institutional theory and entrepreneurship that indicate where and for whom institutional change will be effective

Startups working with venture capital firms perform the best

VCS are better advisers, argue Emily Cox Pahnke, Riitta Katila and Kathleen Eisenhard

A Cascade of Care of Patients with Hepatitis C Infection in a Rural State

Introduction: The substance misuse epidemic has fueled an increase in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Despite the availability of sensitive screening and curative treatment, relatively few people are aware of their diagnosis and engaged in care. In this study, we aimed to identify local gaps in HCV care and inform strategies for improvement. Methods: In this retrospective study, we assessed adult patients seen at a tertiary care center from 2015 to 2019 and who were eligible for HCV screening based on recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Inclusion criteria were birth from 1945 to 1965, long-term dialysis treatment, alanine aminotransferase greater than 35 U/L for 6 months or more, and/or a diagnosis of opioid use disorder (OUD), HIV/AIDS, or hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We summarized the HCV cascade of care with descriptive statistics and used logistic regression to identify factors associated with HCV screening. Results: We identified 4948 patients eligible for HCV screening, of whom 47% were female, 54% were male; 7% were Black, 83% were White, and 10% were Other/Unknown; and 87% were born between 1945 and 1965. Among the patients, 2791/4948 (56%) were screened and 124/2791 (4%) were identified to have chronic HCV infection, of whom 12/124 (10%) were linked to care, ever treated, and cured. Patients with HCV included 63/124 (51%) with OUD and 65/124 (52%) with HBV coinfection. All risk factors for HCV were independently associated with HCV screening, except OUD (aOR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.9-1.6; P = .28). Discussion: We identified multiple gaps in the HCV cascade of care at our institution. Our findings, paired with data from the Veterans Health Administration and national research, indicate a need for more comprehensive strategies for HCV screening and intervention. Conclusions: Our findings will help to direct strategies for improving HCV detection and subsequent enrollment into care, particularly for patients with OUD

The role of knowledge management strategies and task knowledge in stimulating service innovation

Are service firms that enact strategies to manage their new service development (NSD) knowledge able to generate a sustainable competitive advantage (SCA)? Based on analysis of data from a large survey of service companies, the answer is yes. We find that companies employing the knowledge management strategies of codification and personalization reflect higher levels of NSD knowledge. However, the two strategies vary in their individual performance outcomes, with codification promoting NSD proficiency (an ability to execute NSD activities) and personalization promoting greater NSD innovativeness (market perception of the company as novel and as an innovator). When used together, the two strategies magnify NSD knowledge, which when combined with NSD proficiency and NSD innovativeness, promote a SCA. Therefore, companies planning to invest in a knowledge management system should heed the outcomes desired from their NSD process. A system based on documentation exemplifies a codification strategy and will drive NSD proficiency; a system emphasizing interpersonal communication exemplifies a personalization strategy and will drive NSD innovativeness. A system that blends the two strategies appears the most advantageous for service companies’ NSD efforts aiming to build a long-term sustainable competitive advantage

Painting the Nation:Examining the Intersection Between Politics and the Visual Arts Market in Emerging Economies

Politics and art have throughout history, intersected in diverse and complex ways. Ideologies and political systems have used the arts to create a certain image and, depending on the form of government this has varied from clear-cut state propaganda, to patronage, to more indirect arms-length funding procedures. Therefore, artists working within the macro-level socio-political context cannot help but be influenced, inspired and sometimes restricted by these policies and political influences. This article examines the contemporary art markets of two emerging, Socialist economies to investigate the relationship between state pol-itics and the contemporary visual arts market. We argue that the respective governments and art worlds are trying to construct a brand narrative for their nations, but that these discourses are often at cross-purposes. In doing so, we illustrate that it is impos-sible to separate a consideration of the artwork from the macro-level context in which it is produced, distributed, and consumed

Family Businesses and Adaptation: A Dynamic Capabilities Approach

The main objective of this research was to propose a framework centred on the dynamic capabilities approach, and to be applied in the context of family businesses’ adaption to their changing business environment. Data were gathered through interviews with ten FBs operating in Western Australia. Based on the findings, the clusters of activities, sensing, seizing, and transforming emerged as key factors for firms’ adaptation, and were reinforced by firms’ open culture, signature processes, idiosyncratic knowledge, and valuable, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable attributes. Thus, the usefulness of the proposed framework was confirmed. Implications and future research opportunities are presented. © 2018, The Author(s)

Circular economy inspired imaginaries for sustainable innovations

In this chapter, Narayan and Tidström draw on the concept of imaginaries to show how Circular Economy (CE) can facilitate values that enable sustainable innovation. Innovation is key for sustainability, however, understanding and implementing sustainable innovation is challenging, and identifying the kind of actions that could direct sustainable innovations is important. The findings of this study indicate that CE-inspired imaginaries enable collaboration and by relating such imaginaries to common and shared social and cultural values, intermediaries could motivate actors into taking actions that contribute to sustainable innovation.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed