Verzeichnis der Briefsammlungen Cod. 117-121, 123, 126, 139c, 152o, 153, 154 in der Universitätsbibliothek Gießen

Der Katalog verzeichnet den Inhalt von 12 Sammelhandschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Gießen. Sie umfassen insgesamt exakt 1.000 Briefe des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts, im Einzelnen: Hs 117 Briefwechsel zwischen Johann Christian Freiherr von Boyneburg (1622-1673) und Zacharias Prueschenck (1610-1679) (193 Nrn) Hs 118 Briefe von Johann Caselius (1533-1613) (87 Nrn) Hs 119 Briefe von Christoph Forstner (1598-1667) (46 Nrn) Hs 120 größtenteils Briefwechsel zwischen Christoph Forstner (1598-1667) und Johann Albrecht Portner (1628-1687) (110 Nrn) Hs 121 Briefe an Johann Heinrich Boecler (1611-1672) (209 Nrn) Hs 123 Briefe an Johann Walter Slusius (58 Nrn) Hs 126 Briefe von Jacob Sirmond (1559-1651) an Alexander Wiltheim (1604-1684) (15 Nrn) Hs 139 Briefe an Christian Misler (19 Nrn) Hs 139c Briefe an Augustinus Quirinus Rivinus (1652-1723) (6 Nrn) Hs 152o Briefe von Johann Tack (1617-1676) an Johann Eitel Diede zu Fürstenstein (24 Nrn), l Brief von Johann Tack an Johann Daniel Horst (1620-1685) Hs 153 und 154 Briefe von Zacharias Conrad von Uffenbach (1683- 1734) an Johann Heinrich May den Jüngeren (1688-1732) (139 und 94 Nrn

The placebo effect in the motor domain is differently modulated by the external and internal focus of attention

Among the cognitive strategies that can facilitate motor performance in sport and physical practice, a prominent role is played by the direction of the focus of attention and the placebo effect. Consistent evidence converges in indicating that these two cognitive functions can influence the motor outcome, although no study up-to-now tried to study them together in the motor domain. In this explorative study, we combine for the first time these approaches, by applying a placebo procedure to increase force and by manipulating the focus of attention with explicit verbal instructions. Sixty healthy volunteers were asked to perform abduction movements with the index finger as strongly as possible against a piston and attention could be directed either toward the movements of the finger (internal focus, IF) or toward the movements of the piston (external focus, EF). Participants were randomized in 4 groups: two groups underwent a placebo procedure (Placebo-IF and Placebo-EF), in which an inert treatment was applied on the finger with verbal information on its positive effects on force; two groups underwent a control procedure (Control-IF and Control-EF), in which the same treatment was applied with overt information about its inefficacy. The placebo groups were conditioned about the effects of the treatment with a surreptitious amplification of a visual feedback signalling the level of force. During the whole procedure, we recorded actual force, subjective variables and electromyography from the hand muscles. The Placebo-IF group had higher force levels after the procedure than before, whereas the Placebo-EF group had a decrease of force. Electromyography showed that the Placebo-IF group increased the muscle units recruitment without changing the firing rate. These findings show for the first time that the placebo effect in motor performance can be influenced by the subject\u2019s attentional focus, being enhanced with the internal focus of attention

Future Product Development Cost Prediction Model for Integrated Lifecycle Assessment

Part 9: Knowledge EngineeringInternational audienceBeneficial for PLM implementation is the use of data from every product phase for optimising future goods. The objective is to decrease engineering efforts. In order to determine monetary efficiency and its influence on the product’s lifecycle, it is essential to anticipate revenues and obtain information about expected costs. Most approaches focus on production expenses as they evoke the major share of costs. Development expenditures are not identifiable reliably. Existing methods premise the availability of accurate values as input. A new approach has been developed, that is based on requirements. Assuming that products with similar indicators cause similar development efforts, databases are set-up to allow for development cost prediction. The model was validated for civil aircraft. A retrospective analysis of existing aircraft and their requirements provided the necessary input. Approach and validation are presented and information about the software demonstrator that was integrated into a lifecycle assessment platform is given