1,302 research outputs found
School and Farm, or Elements of Agriculture. Also a letter from Charles A. Eggert
Booklet concerning a book published by Chas. A. Eggert and a letter concerning a position at the Utah Agricultural College
Evidence for Placental HPV Infection in Both HIV Positive and Negative Women
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have previously been reported to infect epithelial trophoblast cells of the placenta. To investigate this possibility, 200 placental samples from Zambian women were separated into HIV+ and HIVâ groups and tested for HPV by redundant primer PCR, using GP5+/GP6+ and CPI/CPII primer sets. Three HPV genotypes (HPV6, 16 and 90) were detected in placental samples. Whereas, 20 different HPV genotypes were detected in vaginal sampling of the same patients, suggesting that compartment specific sub-populations of HPV may exist. The incidence of HPV16 in placental samples was almost 2-fold greater in HIV+ women compared to HIVâ (p = 0.0241). HPV16 L1 expression, detected by immunochemistry, was significantly higher in HIV+ than HIVâ samples (p = 0.0231). HPV16 DNA was detected in the nuclei of trophoblast cells by in situ hybridization. Overall, these results suggest that HPVs infect the placenta and that HIV significantly influences these infections
Evidence for Placental HPV Infection in Both HIV Positive and Negative Women
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have previously been reported to infect epithelial trophoblast cells of the placenta. To investigate this possibility, 200 placental samples from Zambian women were separated into HIV+ and HIVâ groups and tested for HPV by redundant primer PCR, using GP5+/GP6+ and CPI/CPII primer sets. Three HPV genotypes (HPV6, 16 and 90) were detected in placental samples. Whereas, 20 different HPV genotypes were detected in vaginal sampling of the same patients, suggesting that compartment specific sub-populations of HPV may exist. The incidence of HPV16 in placental samples was almost 2-fold greater in HIV+ women compared to HIVâ (p = 0.0241). HPV16 L1 expression, detected by immunochemistry, was significantly higher in HIV+ than HIVâ samples (p = 0.0231). HPV16 DNA was detected in the nuclei of trophoblast cells by in situ hybridization. Overall, these results suggest that HPVs infect the placenta and that HIV significantly influences these infections
Use of an automatic internal defibrillator to induce and maintain ventricular fibrillation during left ventricular assist device pump exchange
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 subunit contains a functionally relevant SNP Haplotype
Background Non-coding single nucleotide polymorphisms within the nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 subunit gene (CHRNA4) are robustly associated
with various neurological and behavioral phenotypes including schizophrenia,
cognition and smoking. The most commonly associated polymorphisms are located
in exon 5 and segregate as part of a haplotype. So far it is unknown if this
haplotype is indeed functional, or if the observed associations are an
indirect effect caused by linkage disequilibrium with not yet identified
adjacent functional variants. We therefore analyzed the functional relevance
of the exon 5 haplotype alleles. Results Using voltage clamp experiments we
were able to show that the CHRNA4 haplotype alleles differ with respect to
their functional effects on receptor sensitivity including reversal of
receptor sensitivity between low and high acetylcholine concentrations. The
results indicate that underlying mechanisms might include differences in codon
usage bias and changes in mRNA stability. Conclusions Our data demonstrate
that the complementary alleles of the CHRNA4 exon 5 haplotype are functionally
relevant, and might therefore be causative for the above mentioned
associations
Evidence for Placental HPV Infection in Both HIV Positive and Negative Women
Abstract Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have previously been reported to infect epithelial trophoblast cells of the placenta. To investigate this possibility, 200 placental samples from Zambian women were separated into HIV+ and HIVâ groups and tested for HPV by redundant primer PCR, using GP5+/GP6+ and CPI/CPII primer sets. Three HPV genotypes (HPV6, 16 and 90) were detected in placental samples. Whereas, 20 different HPV genotypes were detected in vaginal sampling of the same patients, suggesting that compartment specific sub-populations of HPV may exist. The incidence of HPV16 in placental samples was almost 2-fold greater in HIV+ women compared to HIVâ (p = 0.0241). HPV16 L1 expression, detected by immunochemistry, was significantly higher in HIV+ than HIVâ samples (p = 0.0231). HPV16 DNA was detected in the nuclei of trophoblast cells by in situ hybridization. Overall, these results suggest that HPVs infect the placenta and that HIV significantly influences these infections
Delphi consensus recommendation for optimization of pulmonary hypertension therapy focusing on switching from a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor to riociguat
Dual combination therapy with a phosphodiesteraseâ5 inhibitor (PDE5i) and endothelin receptor antagonist is recommended for most patients with intermediateârisk pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The RESPITE and REPLACE studies suggest that switching from a PDE5i to a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activator may provide clinical improvement in this situation. The optimal approach to escalation or transition of therapy in this or other scenarios is not well defined. We developed an expert consensus statement on the transition to sGC and other treatment escalations and transitions in PAH using a modified Delphi process. The Delphi process used a panel of 20 physicians with expertise in PAH. Panelists answered three questionnaires on the management of treatment escalations and transitions in PAH. The initial questionnaire included openâended questions. Later questionnaires consolidated the responses into statements that panelists rated on a Likert scale from â5 (strongly disagree) to +5 (strongly agree) to determine consensus. The Delphi process produced several consensus recommendations. Escalation should be considered for patients who are at high risk or not achieving treatment goals, by adding an agent from a new class, switching from oral to parenteral prostacyclins, or increasing the dose. Switching to a new class or within a class should be considered if tolerability or other considerations unrelated to efficacy are affecting adherence. Switching from a PDE5i to an SGC activator may benefit patients with intermediate risk who are not improving on their present therapy. These consensusâbased recommendations may be helpful to clinicians and beneficial for patients when evidenceâbased guidance is unavailable
Recommendations for the clinical management of patients receiving macitentan for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): A Delphi consensus document
In patients treated with macitentan (OpsumitÂź, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Basel, Switzerland) for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), prevention and/or effective management of treatment-related adverse events may improve adherence. However, management of these adverse events can be challenging and the base of evidence and clinical experience for macitentan is limited. In the absence of evidence, consensus recommendations from physicians experienced in using macitentan to treat PAH may benefit patients and physicians who are using macitentan. Consensus recommendations were developed by a panel of physicians experienced with macitentan and PAH using a modified Delphi process. Over three iterations, panelists developed and refined a series of statements on the use of macitentan in PAH and rated their agreement with each statement on a Likert scale. The panel of 18 physicians participated and developed a total of 118 statements on special populations, add-on therapy, drug-drug interactions, warnings and precautions, hospitalization and functional class, and adverse event management. The resulting consensus recommendations are intended to provide practical guidance on real-world issues in using macitentan to treat patients with PAH
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