A Review of Solar Photovoltaic Concentrators

Throughout the recent centuries, the limits of using energy resources due to the cost and environmental issues became one of the scientists’ concerns. Because of the huge amount of energy received by the Earth from the sun, the application of photovoltaic solar cells has become popular in the world. The photovoltaic (PV) efficiency can be increased by several factors; concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) system is one of the important tools for efficiency improvement and enables for a reduction in the cell area requirement. The limits of the PV area can reduce the amount of absorbing irradiation; CPV systems can concentrate a large amount of sunlight into a smaller one by applying lenses or curved and flat mirrors. However, the additional costs on concentrating optics and cooling systems made CPV less common than nonconcentrated photovoltaic. This paper reviews the different types of PV concentrators, their performance with advantages and disadvantages, concentration ratio, acceptance angle, brief comparison between their efficiencies, and appropriate cooling system

Sağlık profesyonellerinin gebelikte şiddet konusundaki farkındalıklarının belirlenmesi

Objective: To determine the awareness of medical professionals about violence during pregnancy.Methods: It was conducted in a Maternity Hospital, Izmir between 15th November 2007- 15th January 2008. 120 individuals participate in the research (midwives, nurses, doctors, N=160).Results: All of the participants defined the violence during pregnancy as a health problem and 66.7% of them find themselves adequate to diagnose the symptoms of violence. Answers for the physical and psychological findings of violence were; 72.5% think of abuse when they see a bruise, bump or wound on pregnant women's body, 50.8%  don't think of abuse in case of insomnia complaint. Answers for pregnancy complications of violence were: 61.7% "sometimes" think of abuse in pregnant women who applied for preterm birth and 59.2%  don't think of abuse when fetus growth retardation is determined. Answers for questions about affectless use of healthy life behaviors of violence were; 55.0% "sometimes" think of abuse in pregnant women who applied for abortion and 60.8% don't think of abuse in the presence of genital infections in pregnant women.Conclusion: Medical professionals have problems in diagnosing the violence during pregnancy and perceive violence as a health problem; insufficient action is taken against violence cases.Amaç: Sağlık profesyonellerinin gebelikte uygulanan şiddet konusundaki farkındalıklarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmış bir araştırmadır.Yöntemler: Araştırma 15 Kasım 2007- 15 Ocak 2008 tarihleri arasında İzmir'deki bir Doğum Hastanesinde çalışan tüm ebe, hemşire ve hekimlere (N=160) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden toplam 120 kişiye ulaşılmıştır.Bulgular: Sağlık profesyonellerinin tamamı gebelikte şiddeti bir sağlık sorunu olarak tanımlamakta ve %66.7'si şiddet belirtilerini tanılamada kendilerini yeterli görmektedirler. Şiddetin fiziksel ve psikolojik bulgularına yönelik tanılama sorularından;  gebelerin vücudunda morluk, şişlik, çürük ve yara gördüğünde istismarı düşünenlerin oranı %72.5 iken, uykusuzluk şikâyeti olması durumunda istismarı düşünmeyenlerin oranı %50.8 dir. Şiddetin gebelik komplikasyonu bulgularına yönelik tanılama sorularından; erken doğum nedeniyle başvuran gebelerde "bazen" istismarı düşünenlerin oranı %61.7 iken, fetüste büyüme gelişme geriliği saptandığında istismarı düşünmeyenlerin oranı %59.2 dir. Şiddetin sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarının etkisiz kullanımına yönelik tanılama sorularından; küretaj nedeniyle başvuran gebelerde "bazen" istismarı düşünenlerin oranı %55.0 iken, genital enfeksiyon varlığında gebelerde istismarı düşünmeyenlerin oranı % 60.8  dir.Sonuç: Sağlık profesyonellerinin gebelikteki şiddeti tanılamada problemler yaşadıkları ve şiddeti sağlık problemi olarak görmelerine rağmen şiddet olgularına yeterli ölçüde müdahale edemedikleri saptanmıştır

Experiences of Infant and Child Care of Mothers with Disabilities in Turkey: A Qualitative Study

Mothers with disabilities have difficulties fulfilling their gender and motherhood roles. The purpose of this study was to determine the infant and child care-related experiences of mothers with disabilities in Turkey. A conventional content analysis was used in this qualitative design. Fourteen mothers with disabilities participated in semi-structured in-depth interviewsconsisting of open-ended questions about their infant and child care experiences. Three themes and eight subthemes emerged from the data analysis. The themes were: role fulfillment, barriers, and coping and support. All of the women said that they wanted to become mothers, and when they did so, they felt they had fulfilled their roles in society. However, there was a societal misconception that woman with disabilities ‘could not give birth to children or would not properly care for them. Measures should be taken to eliminate negative social perceptions of mothers with  disabilities. Public support should be provided to meet the needs of mothers with disabilities. (Afr J Reprod Health 2018; 22[4]: 81-91).Keywords: Mothers with disabilities; child care; infant care; qualitative research, Turke

Experimental Study of the Slit Spacing and Bed Height on the Thermal Performance of Slit-Glazed Solar Air Heater

The thermal performances of three slit-glazed solar air heaters (SGSAHs) were investigated experimentally. Three SGSAHs with different bed heights (7 cm, 5 cm, and 3 cm) were fabricated with multiple glass panes used for glazing. The length, width, and thickness of each pane were 154 cm, 6 cm, and 0.4 cm, respectively. Ambient air was continuously withdrawn through the gaps between the glass panes by fans. The experiments were conducted for four different gap distances between the glass panes (0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm) and the air mass flow rate was varied between 0.014 kg/s and 0.057 kg/s. The effects of air mass flux on the outlet temperature and thermal efficiency were studied. For the SGSAH with bed height of 7 cm and glass pane gap distance of 0.5 mm, the highest efficiency was obtained as 82% at a mass flow rate of 0.057 kg/s and the air temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet (∆T) was maximum (27°C) when the mass flow rate was least. The results demonstrate that for lower mass flow rates and larger gaps, the performance of SGSAH with a bed height of 3 cm was better compared to that of others. However, for higher mass flow rates, the SGSAH with 7 cm bed height performed better

Empirical investigation of two designs of incline solar water desalination system

This paper presents an experimental investigation of two incline solar water desalination (ISWD) systems. One design uses spray jets for spraying water onto the absorber plate, while the other uses a longitudinal slot for getting the inlet water on the absorber plate. The first ever ISWD system constructed and tested by Aybar et al (2005) used the longitudinal slot with a maximum daily production of 2.995 kg/m2 day. The Aybar et al design produced 3.4 kg/m2-day while the new design produced 6.41 kg/m2-day for wick on absorber plate system day during the hottest months in Famagusta (July-August 2010). Also tested was the influence of porous media (wire mesh), wick on the absorber plate. The effect of number of spray jets used in the system on the daily productivity and efficiency of the systems were also investigated

Paternal depresyon ve baba-bebek bağlanması arasındaki ilişki

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between paternal depression and father-infant attachment in early infancy. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and crosssectional study was conducted with 124 fathers meeting the sample criteria whose spouse gave birth in a university hospital, in zmir. Data were collected by using Individual Identification Form, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and Postnatal Paternal-Infant Attachment Questionnaire (PPAQ) and by realizing to follow-up. While the first follow-up was performed through face-toface interviews with fathers on the postpartum first day, the second follow-up was carried out via telephone in the postpartum second month. Results: The mean EPDS scores of the fathers regarding the postpartum first day was 5.254.58 and 4.58 +/- 4.20 for the postpartum second month, thus, the difference between them is statistically significant. While the risk of depression on the postpartum first day was 16.9%, it was 14.5% for the postpartum second month. The mean total score of PPAQ of the fathers with high risk of depression on the postpartum first day and postpartum second months were statistically significantly lower compared to fathers without risk of depression. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, it is possible to say that the risk of depression in fathers adversely affects father-infant bonding during early infancy. Although the risk of paternal postpartum depression has decreased in the postpartum second months compared to the postpartum first day, the risk continues

Birth preferences by nulliparous women and their partners in Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the preferences of nulliparous women and their partners in giving birth and the reasons for these preferences. METHODS: The sample in this cross-sectional study consisted of 162 pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy and their partners. Data collection was accomplished using a questionnaire. RESULTS: It was found that most women (90.8%) and their partners (92%) preferred a vaginal birth. The couples' birth preferences were generally similar to one another. The main reasons for the choice of a vaginal birth were that it was natural and healthier for the mother and child and that recovery and discharge from the hospital were quicker. The main reasons for the choice of cesarean section were fear of childbirth and not putting the baby at risk. CONCLUSIONS: Antenatal education may help to reduce the number of elective cesarean sections by changing the negative perceptions of vaginal birth and reducing the fear of childbirth

The Effects of Flaxseed on Menopausal Symptoms and Quality of Life

WOS: 000353624200006PubMed ID: 25882265The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of flaxseed on menopausal symptoms and quality of life throughout the menopausal period. The empirical research was conducted in an obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department of a university hospital and involved 140 menopausal women who were divided into 4 groups. The menopausal symptoms decreased and the quality of life increased among the women who used flaxseed for 3 months