Developing of new technologies driving advances in precision agriculture to optimise inputs and reduce environmental footprint

Avances en el sector de la agrotecnología ofrecen la oportunidad de que los sistemas agroalimentarios contribuyan a conseguir objetivos políticos mundiales como lograr sistemas de carbono neto cero y reducir la huella ambiental mediante la eliminación de emisiones nocivas y el aumento de la biodiversidad. Una serie de sensores puede detectar la salud y el estrés de los cultivos debido a amenazas bióticas y abióticas. La detección precoz permite tomar medidas adecuadas antes de que el rendimiento de los cultivos se vea afectado o la presión de plagas y enfermedades no pueda controlarse sin el uso de pesticidas sintéticos. La tecnología de detección utiliza técnicas de imagen o detección de compuestos volátiles mediante e-nose y diagnóstico molecular en tiempo real, identificando patógenos vegetales recogidos en muestras de aire. Los datos generados por estas tecnologías proporcionan a los agricultores información temporal y espacial. Permite identificar plantas individualmente, incluso desde satélite, lo que posibilita aplicar con precisión fertilizantes y pesticidas, directamente a la planta o a la zona de cultivo afectada con técnicas de pulverización controladas a partir utilizando los datos adquiridos.Technological advances in the agri-tech sector offer the opportunity for food production systems to contribute to achieving global policy aims such as achieving net zero carbon systems and reducing environmental footprint through eliminating harmful emissions and increasing biodiversity. Arange of sensors can detect crop health and stress due to biotic and abiotic threats, often with an early detection which permits appropriate action to be taken before crop yield is affected or pest and disease pressure cannot be controlled without the use of synthetic pesticides. Detection technology uses imaging techniques, often beyond the visible spectrum, detection of volatile compounds using e-nose techniques and real time molecular diagnostic techniques to identify plant pathogens collected in air samples. The data generated by such technologies relies on connectivity of the hardware and subsequent analytical processes to provide growers with temporal and spatial information. It is possible to identify plant locations with great accuracy, even with satellite systems, which permits precision application of crop inputs, such as fertilisers and pesticides, directly to the plant or crop area as required. Spray application techniques can now treat individual plants, both crop and weeds, using data acquired to control the flow to individual nozzles

PP2A ligand ITH12246 protects against memory impairment and focal cerebral ischemia in mice

ITH12246 (ethyl 5-amino-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,8] naphthyridine-3-carboxylate) is a 1,8-naphthyridine described to feature an interesting neuroprotective profile in in vitro models of Alzheimer's disease. These effects were proposed to be due in part to a regulatory action on protein phosphatase 2A inhibition, as it prevented binding of its inhibitor okadaic acid. We decided to investigate the pharmacological properties of ITH12246, evaluating its ability to counteract the memory impairment evoked by scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist described to promote memory loss, as well as to reduce the infarct volume in mice suffering phototrombosis. Prior to conducting these experiments, we confirmed its in vitro neuroprotective activity against both oxidative stress and Ca2+ overload-derived excitotoxicity, using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and rat hippocampal slices. Using a predictive model of blood-brain barrier crossing, it seems that the passage of ITH12246 is not hindered. Its potential hepatotoxicity was observed only at very high concentrations, from 0.1 mM. ITH12246, at the concentration of 10 mg/kg i.p., was able to improve the memory index of mice treated with scopolamine, from 0.22 to 0.35, in a similar fashion to the well-known Alzheimer's disease drug galantamine 2.5 mg/kg. On the other hand, ITH12246, at the concentration of 2.5 mg/kg, reduced the phototrombosis-triggered infarct volume by 67%. In the same experimental conditions, 15 mg/kg melatonin, used as control standard, reduced the infarct volume by 30%. All of these findings allow us to consider ITH12246 as a new potential drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, which would act as a multifactorial neuroprotectant.Peer Reviewe

Small bowel enteroscopy - A joint clinical guideline from the spanish and portuguese small bowel study groups

The present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication and on its diagnostic and therapeutic yields. A set of recommendations were issued accordingly.Estas recomendações baseadas na evidência detalham o uso da enteroscopia assistida por dispositivo no manejo clínico das doenças do intestino delgado. Um conjunto de Gastrenterologistas diferenciados em patologia do intestino delgado foi selecionado pelos grupos de estudos Espanhol e Português de intestino delgado para rever a evidência disponível sobre as principais indicações desta técnica, o seu papel nos algoritmos de manejo de cada indicação e sobre o seu rendimento diagnóstico e terapêutico. Foi gerado um conjunto de recomendações pelos autores

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Desarrollo de Nuevas Tecnologías Impulsando Avances en Agricultura de Precisión para optimizar insumos y reducir la huella ambiental

Technological advances in the agri-tech sector offer the opportunity for food production systems to contribute to achieving global policy aims such as achieving net zero carbon systems and reducing environmental footprint through eliminating harmful emissions and increasing biodiversity. A range of sensors can detect crop health and stress due to biotic and abiotic threats, often with an early detection which permits appropriate action to be taken before crop yield is affected or pest and disease pressure cannot be controlled without the use of synthetic pesticides. Detection technology uses imaging techniques, often beyond the visible spectrum, detection of volatile compounds using e-nose techniques and real time molecular diagnostic techniques to identify plant pathogens collected in air samples.  The data generated by such technologies relies on connectivity of the hardware and subsequent analytical processes to provide growers with temporal and spatial information. It is possible to identify plant locations with great accuracy, even with satellite systems, which permits precision application of crop inputs, such as fertilisers and pesticides, directly to the plant or crop area as required. Spray application techniques can now treat individual plants, both crop and weeds, using data acquired to control the flow to individual nozzlesAvances en el sector de la agrotecnología ofrecen la oportunidad de que los sistemas agroalimentarios contribuyan a conseguir objetivos políticos mundiales como lograr sistemas de carbono neto cero y reducir la huella ambiental mediante la eliminación de emisiones nocivas y el aumento de la biodiversidad. Una serie de sensores puede detectar la salud y el estrés de los cultivos debido a amenazas bióticas y abióticas. La detección precoz permite tomar medidas adecuadas antes de que el rendimiento de los cultivos se vea afectado o la presión de plagas y enfermedades no pueda controlarse sin el uso de pesticidas sintéticos. La tecnología de detección utiliza técnicas de imagen o detección de compuestos volátiles mediante e-nose y diagnóstico molecular en tiempo real, identificando patógenos vegetales recogidos en muestras de aire.  Los datos generados por estas tecnologías proporcionan a los agricultores información temporal y espacial. Permite identificar plantas individualmente, incluso desde satélite, lo que posibilita aplicar con precisión fertilizantes y pesticidas, directamente a la planta o a la zona de cultivo afectada con técnicas de pulverización controladas a partir  utilizando los datos adquirido

Small bowel enteroscopy - A joint clinical guideline from the spanish and portuguese small bowel study groups

The present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication and on its diagnostic and therapeutic yields. A set of recommendations were issued accordingly.Estas recomendações baseadas na evidência detalham o uso da enteroscopia assistida por dispositivo no manejo clínico das doenças do intestino delgado. Um conjunto de Gastrenterologistas diferenciados em patologia do intestino delgado foi selecionado pelos grupos de estudos Espanhol e Português de intestino delgado para rever a evidência disponível sobre as principais indicações desta técnica, o seu papel nos algoritmos de manejo de cada indicação e sobre o seu rendimento diagnóstico e terapêutico. Foi gerado um conjunto de recomendações pelos autores