Abstracts from the 8th International Conference on cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications

This work was supported by a restricted research grant of Bayer AG

Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches

A large number and wide variety of lake ecosystem models have been developed and published during the past four decades. We identify two challenges for making further progress in this field. One such challenge is to avoid developing more models largely following the concept of others (‘reinventing the wheel’). The other challenge is to avoid focusing on only one type of model, while ignoring new and diverse approaches that have become available (‘having tunnel vision’). In this paper, we aim at improving the awareness of existing models and knowledge of concurrent approaches in lake ecosystem modelling, without covering all possible model tools and avenues. First, we present a broad variety of modelling approaches. To illustrate these approaches, we give brief descriptions of rather arbitrarily selected sets of specific models. We deal with static models (steady state and regression models), complex dynamic models (CAEDYM, CE-QUAL-W2, Delft 3D-ECO, LakeMab, LakeWeb, MyLake, PCLake, PROTECH, SALMO), structurally dynamic models and minimal dynamic models. We also discuss a group of approaches that could all be classified as individual based: super-individual models (Piscator, Charisma), physiologically structured models, stage-structured models and trait-based models. We briefly mention genetic algorithms, neural networks, Kalman filters and fuzzy logic. Thereafter, we zoom in, as an in-depth example, on the multi-decadal development and application of the lake ecosystem model PCLake and related models (PCLake Metamodel, Lake Shira Model, IPH-TRIM3D-PCLake). In the discussion, we argue that while the historical development of each approach and model is understandable given its ‘leading principle’, there are many opportunities for combining approaches. We take the point of view that a single ‘right’ approach does not exist and should not be strived for. Instead, multiple modelling approaches, applied concurrently to a given problem, can help develop an integrative view on the functioning of lake ecosystems. We end with a set of specific recommendations that may be of help in the further development of lake ecosystem model

Um soldado na frente de batalha, um cientista no laboratório. A vanguarda de Aleksandr Rodchenko entre a cultura visual e a cultura política

Este artigo busca retomar o período anterior à adoção da fotografia como meio artístico privilegiado por Aleksandr Rodchenko (1891-1956), por entender que a fotografia significou não uma ruptura, mas, ao contrário, fez parte de uma experimentação visual mais abrangente que ele conduziu na década de 1920. Busca-se também recolocar esta produção artística dentro da cultura política com a qual travou um constante e íntimo diálogo. Ao refazer os caminhos que levaram Rodchenko da pintura à fotografia, buscamos assim melhor compreender e detalhar o compromisso político que animou a produção artística da época, e a de Rodchenko em particular, entendida então como uma práxis política e social mais ampla, da qual a fotografia foi uma das partes constitutivas

Agricultural Research Bulletins, Nos. 489-521

Volume 34, Bulletins 489-521. (489) Ownership of Iowa's Farmland; (490) Identification and Measurement of Inefficiencies in Leasing Systems; (491) Comparison of Resource Returns of Well-Organized Iowa Farms with Selected Nonfarm Opportunities; (492) Iowa Livestock Producers' Choice of Markets; (493) Methodology of Programming Small Watershed Development; (494) North Central Regional Potassium Studies: I. Field Studies with Alfalfa; (495) Organoleptic, Chemical, Physical and Microscopic Characteristics of Muscles in Eight Beef Carcasses, Differing in Age of Animal, Carcass Grade and Extent of Cooking; (496) Specialization and Pork Production Methods in Relation to Over-All Farm Resource Use and Integration; (497) Maternal Employment, Family Relations and Selected Personality, School-Related and Social-Development Characteristics of Children; (498) Soil Erosion Control in Western Iowa: Progress and Problems; (499) Response of Corn Yields in a Planosol Soil to Surface Drainage, Cropping System and Variable Fertilizer Treatments; (500) Description and Measurement of Rates of Early Mortality in the Pig; (501) Appraisal of the Federal Feed--Grains Programs; (502) Production, Income and Resource Changes from Farm Consolidation; (503) North Central Regional Potassium Studies; (504) Farm Size and Cost Relationships in Relation to Recent Machine Technology; (505) Poultry Supply Functions (The Relation of Technical Change to Output of Eggs, Broilers and Turkeys); (506) Derivation of Hydrographs for Small Watersheds from Measurable Physical Characteristics; (507) Short-Run Corn Supply and Fertilizer Demand Functions Based on Production Functions Derived from Experimental Data: a Static Analysis; (508) Occupational Plans of Iowa Farm Boys; (509) Factors Related to Employment of Wives in a Rural Iowa County; (510) Factors Related to Interreligious Marriages in Iowa, 1953-57; (511) Interregional Competition and Prospective Shifts in the Location of Livestock Slaughter; (512) Survival Rates Among Religiously Homogamous and Interreligious Marriages; (513) Effects of Light and Soil Moisture on Forest Tree Seedling Establishment; (514) Analysis of Direct-Payment Methods for Hogs to Increase Hog Producers' Incomes; (515) Distributed Lag Inventory Analyses; (516) Migration and Adjustment of Farm and Nonfarm Families and Adolescents in Cedar Rapids, Iowa; (517) Beef-Cattle Production Functions in Forage Utilization; (518) Production Functions and Methods of Specifying Optimum Fertilizer Use Under Various Uncertainty Conditions for Hay; (519) Profit-Maximizing Plans for Soil-Conserving Farming in the Spring Valley Creek Watershed in Southwest Iowa; (520) Estimation of Soil Moisture Under Corn; (521) Regional Changes in Grain Production: An Application of Spatial Linear Programming</p