Policy environment analysis for Arctic seaport development: the case of Sabetta (Russia)

In this paper, a structuration model is developed to evaluate opportunities and constraints that may arise for a port authority operating a port in the Arctic. The study builds upon the new institutionalist approach to transport infrastructure policy. It argues that given the specificity of operational conditions in the Arctic, as well as the expectations of the resource-driven future transformations, the conventional port development models cannot accurately depict factors of Arctic port activity. The proposed structuration approach focuses on how four dimensions of the policy environment (physical, economic, institutional, and environmental) enable and constrain policy choices available to a port authority. Application of this model to the case of Sabetta, a deep-sea multi-functional port constructed in the Ob estuary of the Yamal peninsula (Russia), demonstrates the inextricable links between actions and institutions and pinpoints the uncertainty factors that affect Arctic port development ‘from scratch’. The practical objective of this research is to introduce a dynamic multi-factor model for systematic evaluation of the policy environment in Arctic port development. Given that industrial activities in the Arctic region will proceed at the current speed or accelerate, lessons learned from the case of Sabetta will be relevant to other port infrastructure projects in the Arctic.Peer reviewe

Planning for a sustainable Arctic : regional development in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russia)

Peer reviewe

Prognose von Patienten mit dilatativer Kardiomyopathie und prophylaktischer ICD-Therapie

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden prognostische Determinanten für Gesamtmortalität und Notwendigkeit einer Herztransplantation bei 133 Patienten mit DCM und prophylaktischer ICD-Implantation analysiert. Bei allen Patienten wurde die LV-Funktion echokardiographisch bei ICD-Implantation sowie in einem Kontroll-UKG im Mittel 11 Monate nach ICD-Implantation bestimmt. Erfreulicherweise fand sich zum Zeitpunkt des Kontroll-UKGs bei 32% aller Patienten unter optimierter Herzinsuffizienzmedikation ein signifikanter Anstieg der LVEF um mehr als 5% bei gleichzeitiger Reduktion des LV enddiastolischen Diameters um mindestens 5 mm. Eine Verbesserung der LV-Funktion fand sich hierbei doppelt so häufig bei Patienten mit einer Symptomdauer unter einem Jahr als bei Patienten mit einer Symptomdauer über einem Jahr (43% vs. 22%, p<0.05). Die beobachtete Verbesserung der LV-Funktion im Kontroll-UKG war mit einer signifikant höheren herztransplantationsfreien Überlebensrate im Langzeitverlauf assoziiert. Außerdem ging eine konsequent optimierte medikamentöse Herzinsuffizienz-Therapie mit ACE-Hemmern, ß-Blockern und Aldosteronantagonisten ebenso wie eine erfolgreiche CRT-ICD-Therapie mit einer signifikant niedrigeren Mortalität einher. Spontane ICD-Schocks für VT oder VF waren demgegenüber Indikatoren für eine deutlich höhere Mortalität im weiteren Verlauf. Aus den Ergebnissen unserer Studie ergeben sich folgende klinisch wichtige Konsequenzen: 1) Bei allen Patienten mit neu diagnostizierter DCM sollten innerhalb von 12 Monaten nach Therapiebeginn routinemäßig Kontroll-UKGs durchgeführt werden, da sich aufgrund der LV-Funktion im Kontroll UKG die Prognose abschätzen lässt. 2) Patienten mit DCM und kurzer Symptomdauer sollten zunächst über mindestens 3 bis 6 Monate konsequent optimal medikamentös bezüglich ihrer Herzinsuffizienz behandelt werden, da ein großer Teil dieser Patienten eine signifikante Besserung der LV-Funktion im Verlauf zeigt und deshalb keinen ICD mehr benötigt. 3) Patienten mit DCM und Linksschenkelblock mit einer QRS-Breite über 150 ms, die nach den SCD-HeFT Kriterien einen ICD benötigen, sollten aus prognostischen Gründen einen CRT-ICD bekommen. 4) Patienten mit DCM und spontanen ICD-Schocks für VT oder VF haben eine schlechtere Prognose und bedürfen einer engmaschigeren Überwachung mit optimierter Therapie

Education as the Basis for Developing Human Capital

Considering the theoretical, legal, and methodological foundations and using scientific methods have allowed us to reveal approaches for studying education values and establishing directions for human capital development. A set of research methods we used has contributed to substantiating the logical sequence and directions for human capital development. Differences in developing human capital are mainly due to the level of education. The research problem is to study education as a factor influencing the development of human capital. The paper aims to study the role of education in the development of human capital. The research object is human capital. The research subject is the impact of education on the development of human capital. The practical and scientific significance of the paper is in further studies on the influence of education on the development of human capital. Moreover, it is in overcoming the economic approach to this significant, complex, and multifaceted phenomenon

Real-Time monitoring of intracellular wax ester metabolism

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Wax esters are industrially relevant molecules exploited in several applications of oleochemistry and food industry. At the moment, the production processes mostly rely on chemical synthesis from rather expensive starting materials, and therefore solutions are sought from biotechnology. Bacterial wax esters are attractive alternatives, and especially the wax ester metabolism of <it>Acinetobacter </it>sp. has been extensively studied. However, the lack of suitable tools for rapid and simple monitoring of wax ester metabolism <it>in vivo </it>has partly restricted the screening and analyses of potential hosts and optimal conditions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Based on sensitive and specific detection of intracellular long-chain aldehydes, specific intermediates of wax ester synthesis, bacterial luciferase (LuxAB) was exploited in studying the wax ester metabolism in <it>Acinetobacter baylyi </it>ADP1. Luminescence was detected in the cultivation of the strain producing wax esters, and the changes in signal levels could be linked to corresponding cell growth and wax ester synthesis phases.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The monitoring system showed correlation between wax ester synthesis pattern and luminescent signal. The system shows potential for real-time screening purposes and studies on bacterial wax esters, revealing new aspects to dynamics and role of wax ester metabolism in bacteria.</p

Adaptive landscape gardening in a metropolis

The article focuses on a solution to the quality-of-life issues, public health by using of new forms of adaptive gardening in the landscape of a large city. Reasoning and calculations of the efficiency for an alternative method of growing medicinal plants were made

The role of extractive industries in developing peripheral Arctic regions of Russia and Canada

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta. Ekonomika. All rights reserved.Russian Federation and Canada are the largest arctic powers that have similar features in evolving their Arctic zones. In the mid-1920s both countries formalized their rights to the northern territories. Russian and Canadian arctic regions are located in harsh climatic zones, geographically distant from national political and business centers, poorly populated, and rich in natural resources. At the same time, there are obvious differences in political institutions, "core-periphery" relationships, business organization, and social activities of aboriginal people and newcomers. The purpose of this study is a comparative evaluation how the rich resource base and industrial production impact on the socio-economic development of the Arctic regions of Russia and Canada. To reach the goal authors use the official statistical sources of the Russian Federation and Canada. Case study method, comparative analysis, and econometric calculations are applied. As a result similar and distinctive features of the industrial development of the Arctic regions of these countries were identified. It can be explained, first of all, by the institutional characteristics of Russia and Canada. Comparing an evidence of the leading extractive companies completed the empirical analysis. Authors concluded that the regions under consideration are characterized by a high or medium share of the extractive industry in the regional economy. Specialization in natural resources extraction and primary processing does not have a negative impact on the economic development of the territories. However, outer companies are engaged in this business that increases the dependence of the regional economy on the conjuncture of world markets. The article investigates in empirical studying common features of the extractive industry in the peripheral Russian and Canadian Arctic territories and its impact on the socio-economic development of these regions.Peer reviewe

Methodological provision for the assessment of audit risk during the audit of tax reporting

International audienceThe problematics and the goal of the research: The lack of theoretical foundations as well as the practical necessity for organizations to create a methodology for assessing the audit risk in carrying out the audit of tax reporting, determined the research objective: the development of theoretical and practical recommendations regarding the methodological provision for the assessment of audit risks as well as the methodology for establishing the relationship between the adequate tax reporting and the managerial decisions of owners on the basis of tax audit results. Methods used: a method based on the theory of fuzzy sets and the basics of the theory of information asymmetry. Results achieved: the development of a methodology for assessing an audit risk in carrying out the audit of tax reporting and establishment of relationship between the theory of information asymmetry and the effectiveness of the users' managerial decisions. The conclusions of the research: practical implementation of the methodology in organizations with different taxation systems has proved the relationship between the theory of information asymmetry and optimization of the users' managerial decisions. The practical benefits from the obtained results make it possible to increase the efficiency of organizations' activities and to confirm to the tax authorities the timeliness of the calculation and payment of taxes. These methods are the basis for the development of a theory for assessing audit risks in carrying out tax audits Keywords: methodological provision, qualitative assessment, audit risk, tax audit, tax reporting, asymmetric information