The Official Guide to the TOEFL Test with CD-ROM, Third Edition

This book is the leading guide to the most widely accepted English-language proficiency test in the world–the TOEFL test. Written by ETS, the makers of the test, this book includes two real full-length TOEFL tests for practice, as well as explanations of every section of the test and information on what is expected of you for every speaking and writing task. You will learn how to construct your answers and integrate the four skills needed to demonstrate academic English-language proficiency: reading, listening, speaking and writing. The accompanying CD-ROM provides on-screen interactive versions of both real TOEFL tests in the book, just like the one you will encounter on test day.About the AuthorEducational Testing Service (ETS), based in Princeton, New Jersey, is a private, nonprofit organization devoted to educational measurement and research, primarily through testing. ETS develops and administers millions of achievement tests each year in the United States and 180 other countries. These include the TOEFL®, GRE®, Praxis®, and other standardized tests

Official TOEFL iBT Test with Audio

Official TOEFL iBT Tests with Audio contains five actual retired TOEFL test forms with authentic TOEFL reading, listening, speaking, and writing questions. Each form includes an answer key and complete audio transcripts. You also get audio for all the listening passages of the tests, provided on the accompanying audio CD.- Provides more than 300 real TOEFL questions from the test-makers- Audio for all test listening sections on CD-ROM- Test results worksheets to record your progress and improvement from test to test94p.;22x27,5c

Accent, listening assessment and the potential for a shared-L1 advantage:a DIF perspective

This paper reports on an investigation of the potential for a shared-L1 advantage on an academic English listening test featuring speakers with L2 accents. Two hundred and twelve second-language listeners (including 70 Mandarin Chinese L1 listeners and 60 Japanese L1 listeners) completed three versions of the University Test of English as a Second Language (UTESL) listening sub-test which featured an Australian English-accented speaker, a Japanese-accented speaker and a Mandarin Chinese-accented speaker. Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses were conducted on data from the tests which featured L2-accented speakers using two methods of DIF detection – the standardization procedure and the Mantel-Haenszel procedure – with candidates matched for ability on the test featuring the Australian English-accented speaker. Findings showed that Japanese L1 listeners were advantaged on a small number of items on the test featuring the Japanese-accented speaker, but these were balanced by items which favoured non-Japanese L1 listeners. By contrast, Mandarin Chinese L1 listeners were clearly advantaged across several items on the test featuring a Mandarin Chinese L1 speaker. The implications of these findings for claims of bias are discussed with reference to the role of speaker accent in the listening construct