Soil salinization in marshes : study case: Samborombón Bay wetland, Argentina

En el sector sur de la Bahía de Samborombón (Buenos Aires, Argentina) se desarrolla una extensa marisma que forma un humedal intermareal. En ella se realizaron distintas obras de ingeniería con el fin de evitar el ingreso del flujo mareal y lograr una mayor extensión del área de pastoreo. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar si la regulación de los flujos mareales ocasiona una modificación en el contenido de cloruros en los sedimentos superficiales, afectando la salinidad de los suelos del humedal. Se realizaron interpretaciones de imágenes satelitales, relevamientos de campo, muestreos de sedimentos y mediciones de niveles y conductividad eléctrica del agua superficial y subterránea. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron reconocer cómo las obras de ingeniería (terraplenes de contención y caminos internos) alteran el comportamiento hidrológico natural y en consecuencia el contenido de cloruros en el sedimento. Problemas de salinización de suelos se reconocen en sectores donde el agua mareal se acumula y luego se evapora formando precipitados de halita. Las futuras obras deberán planificarse de forma tal de minimizar la alteración de los flujos de agua con el fin de lograr un manejo sustentable de los recursos naturales en el humedal.The southern sector of the Samborombón Bay (Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an extensive marsh that is associated with an intertidal wetland environment. Different engineering works were built to avoid tidal inflow and to increase the livestock grazing areas. The objective of this work is to assess if the regulation of tidal inflow causes a chloride content change in the surface sediments, affecting the soil salinity of the wetland. Interpretation of satellite images, field surveys, sampling of sediments, and electrical conductivity and levels measurements of surface and groundwater were carried out. The results allowed us to recognize how engineering works (embankments and internal roads) alter the natural hydrological behavior, and, therefore the chloride content in the sediment. Soil salinization problems are recognized in areas where the tidal water accumulates and then evaporates forming halite precipitates. Future engineering works should be planned so as to minimize the alteration of the water flow in order to achieve a sustainable management of natural resources in the wetland.Fil: Carol, Eleonora S.. Universidad Nacional de La PlataFil: Kruse, Eduardo E.. Universidad Nacional de La PlataFil: Cellone, Francisco A.. Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Searching for G: A New evaluation of SPM-LS dimensionality

There has been increased interest in assessing the quality and usefulness of short versions of the Raven’s Progressive Matrices. A recent proposal, composed of the last twelve matrices of the Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM-LS), has been depicted as a valid measure of g. Nonetheless, the results provided in the initial validation questioned the assumption of essential unidimensionality for SPM-LS scores. We tested this hypothesis through two di erent statistical techniques. Firstly, we applied exploratory graph analysis to assess SPM-LS dimensionality. Secondly, exploratory bi-factor modelling was employed to understand the extent that potential specific factors represent significant sources of variance after a general factor has been considered. Results evidenced that if modelled appropriately, SPM-LS scores are essentially unidimensional, and that constitute a reliable measure of g. However, an additional specific factor was systematically identified for the last six items of the test. The implications of such findings for future work on the SPM-LS are discusse

SUR1 Receptor Interaction with Hesperidin and Linarin Predicts Possible Mechanisms of Action of Valeriana officinalis in Parkinson.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. A theoretical approach of our previous experiments reporting the cytoprotective effects of the Valeriana officinalis compounds extract for PD is suggested. In addiction to considering the PD as a result of mitochondrial metabolic imbalance and oxidative stress, such as in our previous in vitro model of rotenone, in the present manuscript we added a genomic approach to evaluate the possible underlying mechanisms of the effect of the plant extract. Microarray of substantia nigra (SN) genome obtained from Allen Brain Institute was analyzed using gene set enrichment analysis to build a network of hub genes implicated in PD. Proteins transcribed from hub genes and their ligands selected by search ensemble approach algorithm were subjected to molecular docking studies, as well as 20 ns Molecular Dynamics (MD) using a Molecular Mechanic Poison/Boltzman Surface Area (MMPBSA) protocol. Our results bring a new approach to Valeriana officinalis extract, and suggest that hesperidin, and probably linarin are able to relieve effects of oxidative stress during ATP depletion due to its ability to binding SUR1. In addition, the key role of valerenic acid and apigenin is possibly related to prevent cortical hyperexcitation by inducing neuronal cells from SN to release GABA on brain stem. Thus, under hyperexcitability, oxidative stress, asphyxia and/or ATP depletion, Valeriana officinalis may trigger different mechanisms to provide neuronal cell protection.Fil: Santos, Gesivaldo. Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia; BrasilFil: Giraldez Alvarez, Lisandro Diego. Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia; BrasilFil: Ávila Rodriguez, Marco. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; ColombiaFil: Capani, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Galembeck, Eduardo. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Gôes Neto, Aristóteles. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana; BrasilFil: Barreto, George E.. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; ColombiaFil: Andrade, Bruno. Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia; Brasi

As especificidades contemporâneas do trabalho no setor saúde: notas introdutórias para uma discussão

Partindo do texto clássico de Arrow (1963) sobre as características econômicas da atenção médica, o artigo destaca o papel das falhas de mercado e das instituições não-lucrativas no setor. No setor saúde o sistema de inovação e o sistema de bem-estar social têm importantes interseções. As especificidades do trabalho são sintetizadas na seção final do artigo, onde se destaca a velocidade à qual os conhecimentos médicos tornam-se obsoletos.

The application of MOHID to assess the potential effect of sewage discharge system at Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina)

The Bahıa Blanca urban wastewater treatment plant (UWWTP) discharges the wastewater from the city into the Bah´ıa Blanca Estuary through a tidal channel located 4 km south from the closest city, Ingeniero White, and 1.7 km south from the mouth of the Napost´a Creek. There are four UWWTPs discharging in the Bah´ıa Blanca Estuary, with the highest flow from the Bah´ıa Blanca UWWTP at 65000 m3 d−1, corresponding to 77% of the total (Heffner et al. 2003). Wastewater is an important source of freshwater in the Bah´ıa Blanca estuary comprising 23.3% of the overall freshwater, with contributions of a similar magnitude as the freshwater inputs from the Napost´a Grande Creek, 86400 m3 d−1 (Carrica 1998) and the Sauce Chico creek, 164000 m3 d−1. Sewerage systems in Bah´ıa Blanca city are designed with overflow structures that discharge into local waterways when the capacity of the system is exceeded. Overflows occur when the hydraulic capacity of the system is exceeded due to heavy rains. During dry periods, overflow can also take place due to blockages or pump failures. Aguas Bonaerenses Sociedad An´onima (ABSA) manages the main network. The aim of this research was to analyze the potential risks of sewage in the estuary and the installation of a new UWWTP on the coast in the inner Bah´ıa Blanca estuary near bathing waters, i.e. the Maldonado Municipal pool.Fil: Pierini, Jorge Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Campuzano, Francisco Javier. Technical University of Lisbon; PortugalFil: Marcovecchio, Jorge Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Perillo, Gerardo Miguel E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentin