SALA REVOLUTI: CONCEPÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM MODELO DE “SALA DE AULA DO FUTURO”

DOI: 10.12957/periferia.2009.3432Este artigo apresenta o estágio de desenvolvimento das pesquisas, iniciadas em 2007, sobre a Sala de Aula do Futuro realizadas pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Cultura e Comunicação (UERJ/FEBF) e pela Habto Design (empresa incubada pela UERJ/ESDI) que resultaram na Sala Revoluti. A situação-problema básica que gerou esse trabalho foi a percepção de um paradoxo entre as teorias e práticas de inovação que são próprias aos campos da Educação e da Informática. Em síntese, ambas inovações pareciam atuar em sentidos opostos nas salas de aula, o que reduz a informatização das escolas à construção de laboratórios de informática</p

Avaliação do impacto legislativo do Projeto de Lei nº 5532/2020 - inclusão de pessoas com deficiência, professores em atividade e profissionais de segurança pública no grupo de prioridades para a imunização contra a COVID-19

Este artigo tem como objeto realizar uma análise de impacto legislativo do Projeto de Lei nº 5532/2020, de autoria das Deputadas Federais Mara Rocha e Rose Modesto, que propõe a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência, professores em atividade e profissionais de segurança pública no grupo de prioridades para a imunização contra a COVID-19

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

PARP inhibitors as first-line maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer: recommendations from an expert panel from Brazil

To report consensus recommendations on the current role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in the front-line management of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in the healthcare setting of Brazil. The expert panel convened in March 2021 and comprised 20 medical oncologists focus on gynecological oncology. The panel answered anonymously and based on scientific evidence a total of 67 questions. The panel reached consensus (at least 75% of votes for the same recommendation) or majority vote (50% to 74.9%) for the majority of questions that addressed: (1) who and when to test for BRCA mutations or homologous recombination deficiency (2) what test should be used; (3) when should maintenance PARP inhibitor therapy be indicated; (4) which PARP inhibitor should be used; (5) when should bevacizumab be combined; and (6) toxicity management. The current recommendations may help Brazilian practitioners to improve the use of PARP inhibitors in front-line management of EOC

Biomarker Analysis of the Phase III NALA Study of Neratinib + Capecitabine versus Lapatinib + Capecitabine in Patients with Previously Treated Metastatic Breast CancerBiomarker Analysis of the Phase III NALA Study in HER2+ MBC

PurposeNeratinib plus capecitabine (N+C) demonstrated significant progression-free survival (PFS) benefit in NALA (NCT01808573), a randomized phase III trial comparing N+C with lapatinib + capecitabine (L+C) in 621 patients with HER2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who had received ≥2 prior HER2-directed regimens in the metastatic setting. We evaluated correlations between exploratory biomarkers and PFS.Patients and methodsSomatic mutations were evaluated by next-generation sequencing on primary or metastatic samples. HER2 protein expression was evaluated by central IHC, H-score, and VeraTag/HERmark. p95 expression (truncated HER2) was measured by VeraTag. HRs were estimated using unstratified Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsFour hundred and twenty samples had successful sequencing: 34.0% had PIK3CA mutations and 5.5% had HER2 (ERBB2) mutations. In the combined patient populations, PIK3CA mutations trended toward shorter PFS [wild-type vs. mutant, HR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64-1.03], whereas HER2 mutations trended toward longer PFS [HR = 1.69 (95% CI, 0.97-3.29)]. Higher HER2 protein expression was associated with longer PFS [IHC 3+ vs. 2+, HR = 0.67 (0.54-0.82); H-score ≥240 versus &lt;240, HR = 0.77 (0.63-0.93); HERmark positive vs. negative, HR = 0.76 (0.59-0.98)]. Patients whose tumors had higher HER2 protein expression (any method) derived an increased benefit from N+C compared with L+C [IHC 3+, HR = 0.64 (0.51-0.81); H-score ≥ 240, HR = 0.54 (0.41-0.72); HERmark positive, HR = 0.65 (0.50-0.84)], as did patients with high p95 [p95 ≥2.8 relative fluorescence (RF)/mm2, HR = 0.66 (0.50-0.86) vs. p95 &lt; 2.8 RF/mm2, HR = 0.91 (0.61-1.36)].ConclusionsPIK3CA mutations were associated with shorter PFS whereas higher HER2 expression was associated with longer PFS. Higher HER2 protein expression was also associated with a greater benefit for N+C compared with L+C

Efficacy of Neratinib Plus Capecitabine in the Subgroup of Patients with Central Nervous System Involvement from the NALA Trial.

BackgroundNeratinib has efficacy in central nervous system (CNS) metastases from HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We report outcomes among patients with CNS metastases at baseline from the phase III NALA trial of neratinib plus capecitabine (N&nbsp;+&nbsp;C) versus lapatinib plus capecitabine (L&nbsp;+&nbsp;C).Materials and methodsNALA was a randomized, active-controlled trial in patients who received two or more previous HER2-directed regimens for HER2-positive MBC. Patients with asymptomatic/stable brain metastases (treated or untreated) were eligible. Patients were assigned to N&nbsp;+&nbsp;C (neratinib 240 mg per day, capecitabine 750 mg/m2 twice daily) or L&nbsp;+&nbsp;C (lapatinib 1,250 mg per day, capecitabine 1,000 mg/m2 twice daily) orally. Independently adjudicated progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and CNS endpoints were considered.ResultsOf 621 patients enrolled, 101 (16.3%) had known CNS metastases at baseline (N&nbsp;+&nbsp;C, n&nbsp;= 51; L&nbsp;+&nbsp;C, n&nbsp;= 50); 81 had received prior CNS-directed radiotherapy and/or surgery. In the CNS subgroup, mean PFS through 24 months was 7.8 months with N&nbsp;+&nbsp;C versus 5.5 months with L&nbsp;+&nbsp;C (hazard ratio [HR], 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-1.05), and mean OS through 48 months was 16.4 versus 15.4 months (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.59-1.38). At 12 months, cumulative incidence of interventions for CNS disease was 25.5% for N&nbsp;+&nbsp;C versus 36.0% for L&nbsp;+&nbsp;C, and cumulative incidence of progressive CNS disease was 26.2% versus 41.6%, respectively. In patients with target CNS lesions at baseline (n&nbsp;= 32), confirmed intracranial objective response rates were 26.3% and 15.4%, respectively. No new safety signals were observed.ConclusionThese analyses suggest improved PFS and CNS outcomes with N&nbsp;+&nbsp;C versus L&nbsp;+&nbsp;C in patients with CNS metastases from HER2-positive MBC.Implications for practiceIn a subgroup of patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases from HER2-positive breast cancer after two or more previous HER2-directed regimens, the combination of neratinib plus capecitabine was associated with improved progression-free survival and CNS outcomes compared with lapatinib plus capecitabine. These findings build on previous phase II and III studies describing efficacy of neratinib in the prevention and treatment of CNS metastases, and support a role for neratinib as a systemic treatment option in the management of patients with HER2-positive brain metastases following antibody-based HER2-directed therapies

Edição Especial para Crianças

No Instituto Chico Mendes temos a revista Biodiversidade Brasileira (BioBrasil, para os íntimos!) que publica pesquisas interessantes para ajudar na conservação das nossas riquezas naturais. Escolhemos quatro pesquisas bem legais para contar para você. Esperamos que goste