Trayectos de investigación en trabajo social: hacia una cultura de investigación.

Los contenidos de Trayectos de investigación en Trabajo Social ponen a consideración del público diversas temáticas que, estructuradas como líneas de investigación, motivan la controversia y la construcción de conocimiento al interior del programa, en algunos casos como resultado de procesos de investigación formativa y del desarrollo de semilleros de investigación, y en otros como resultado de apuestas individuales que logran convencer e involucrar a otros miembros del equipo docente. Esto, en atención a la necesidad de resaltar y fortalecer una relación entre docencia e investigación que evite que el proceso formativo se convierte en rutinario y sin sentido, ante la dinámica de los problemas y contextos frente a los cuales se pretende reflexionar y generar conocimiento. En esa medida, es esencial mencionar que el interés de los investigadores del programa es que, además de apreciar el proceso vivido en cada caso, la comunidad académica pueda relacionar entre si las diferentes temáticas que, tal vez por ser presentadas en forma separa como líneas de investigación, puedan no ser visualizadas como parte integral del proceso complejo de configuración del actuar investigativo en el marco del programa de Trabajo Social

Gestión del conocimiento: perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 11

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 11, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro cuenta con el apoyo de los grupos de investigación: Universidad Sur del Lago “Jesús María Semprúm” (UNESUR), Zulia – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Falcón Alonso Gamero (UPTAG), Falcón – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Mérida Kleber Ramírez (UPTM), Mérida – Venezuela; Universidad Guanajuato (UG) - Campus Celaya - Salvatierra - Cuerpo Académico de Biodesarrollo y Bioeconomía en las Organizaciones y Políticas Públicas (C.A.B.B.O.P.P), Guanajuato – México; Centro de Altos Estudios de Venezuela (CEALEVE), Zulia – Venezuela, Centro Integral de Formación Educativa Especializada del Sur (CIFE - SUR) - Zulia - Venezuela, Centro de Investigaciones Internacionales SAS (CIN), Antioquia - Colombia.y diferentes grupos de investigación del ámbito nacional e internacional que hoy se unen para estrechar vínculos investigativos, para que sus aportes científicos formen parte de los libros que se publiquen en formatos digital e impreso

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 9

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, volumen 9, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

Eficacia de la pentoxifilina en la reducción del riesgo de desarrollo de diabetes tipo 2 en sujetos con prediabetes

Teisis. (Maestría en Ciencias Biomedicina). Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Durango. 2010. 1 archivo PDF, (52 páginas), tesis.ipn.m

EFICACIA DE LA PENTOXIFILINA EN LA REDUCCIÓN DEL RIESGO DE DESARROLLO DE DIABETES TIPO 2 EN SUJETOS CON PREDIABETES

Tesi

Hypocholesterolemia is an independent risk factor for depression disorder and suicide attempt in Northern Mexican population

Abstract Background Cholesterol has been associated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recently, however, there is growing evidence about crucial requirement of neuron membrane cholesterol in the organization and function of the 5-HT1A serotonin receptor. For this, low cholesterol level has been reported to be associated with depression and suicidality. However there have been inconsistent reports about this finding and the exact relationship between these factors remains controversial. Therefore, we investigated the link between serum cholesterol and its fractions with depression disorder and suicide attempt in 467 adult subjects in Mexican mestizo population. Methods Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were determined in 261 MDD patients meeting the DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD), 59 of whom had undergone an episode of suicide attempt, and 206 healthy controls. Results A significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and triglyceride serum levels was observed in the groups of MDD patients and suicide attempt compared to those without suicidal behavior (p < 0.05). After adjusting for covariates, lower cholesterol levels were significantly associated with MDD (OR 4.229 CI 95% 2.555 – 7.000, p<.001) and suicide attempt (OR 5.540 CI 95% 2.825 – 10.866, p<.001) Conclusions These results support the hypothesis that lower levels of cholesterol are associated with mood disorders like MDD and suicidal behavior. More mechanistic studies are needed to further explain this association

Earthquakes and healthcare: the organization of the services of medical attention

Health care systems are exposed to several natural disasters that could affect the effectiveness and quality of the services they offer. For this reason it is important to bring out the necessary elements that allow them a suitable organization and infrastructure. In this context some of these elements are drafted as well as a specific set of actions whose inclusion in the hospitals will allow for an optimal answer in case of natural disaster. The use of the triage is analyzed as an instrument that regulates the patient admission to the hospitals. Also, it is shown how the inadequate use of this tool during an emergency situation can follow with casual- ties from injured patients. For this reason, an appropriate set up for these cases is formulated. Last, the staging of a hospital before feasible contingences is proposed and the experience of the events of the 9/19 earthquake disaster retaken for this purpose

Polymorphisms in DNA Repair Genes (APEX1, XPD, XRCC1 and XRCC3) and Risk of Preeclampsia in a Mexican Mestizo Population

Variations in genes involved in DNA repair systems have been proposed as risk factors for the development of preeclampsia (PE). We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association of Human apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease (APEX1) Asp148Glu (rs1130409), Xeroderma Pigmentosum group D (XPD) Lys751Gln (rs13181), X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC) Arg399Gln (rs25487) and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) Thr241Met (rs861539) polymorphisms with PE in a Mexican population. Samples of 202 cases and 350 controls were genotyped using RTPCR. Association analyses based on a χ2 test and binary logistic regression were performed to determine the odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each polymorphism. The allelic frequencies of APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism showed statistical significant differences between preeclamptic and normal women (p = 0.036). Although neither of the polymorphisms proved to be a risk factor for the disease, the APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism showed a tendency of association (OR: 1.74, 95% CI = 0.96–3.14) and a significant trend (p for trend = 0.048). A subgroup analyses revealed differences in the allelic frequencies of APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism between women with mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia (p = 0.035). In conclusion, our results reveal no association between XPD Lys751Gln, XRCC Arg399Gln and XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphisms and the risk of PE in a Mexican mestizo population; however, the results in the APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism suggest the need for future studies using a larger sample size

Characterization of the cystine/glutamate antiporter in cultured Bergmann glia cells.

Glutamate, the major excitatory transmitter in the vertebrate brain is a potent neurotoxin through the over-stimulation of its specific membrane receptors. In accordance, a tight regulation of its extracellular levels by plasma membrane transporters is present. A family of excitatory amino acid transporters is expressed in neurons and glia cells and is responsible of the removal of the neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft. Glial transporters account for more than 80% of the brain uptake activity. The cystine/glutamate antiporter is another plasma membrane-bound protein critically involved in glutamatergic transmission. Upon oxidative stress, it begins to pump out glutamate in exchange for cystine, mostly needed for glutathione production. Taking into consideration that all of these glutamate transporter proteins are present in glia cells that surround glutamatergic synapses, we reasoned that a functional coupling of them should exist to prevent an excitotoxic insult to the neighboring neuronal cells. To this end, we used the established model of chick cerebellar Bergmann glia cultures. Once we could establish the expression of the cystine/glutamate antiporter in our system, we characterized its kinetic properties and started to gain insight into its regulation and plausible coupling to other transporters. Exposure to glutamate reduces the uptake activity and favors a physical interaction with the excitatory amino acid transporter 1 and the Na-dependent neutral amino acids transporter 3. In contrast, treatment of the cultured cells with a nitric oxide donor such as sodium nitroprussiate augments the exchanger activity. Longer sodium nitroprussiate exposure periods down-regulates the cystine/glutamate protein levels. These results suggest that a coordinated interplay between glutamate transporters and exchangers takes place in glia cells to prevent excitotoxic insults