Unpacking Settler Colonialism’s Urban Strategies: Indigenous Peoples in Victoria, British Columbia, and the Transition to a Settler-Colonial City

This article uses settler colonialism as a specific analytic frame through which to understand the historical forces in the formation of settler cities as urbanizing polities. Arguing that we must pay attention to the intertwined histories of immigration and colonization, the author traces the symbolic and economic functions and origins of the settler-colonial city to reveal its political imperatives, the expropriation of Indigenous land, and the dispossession, removal, sequestration, and transformation of Indigenous peoples. Taking as a case study the city of Victoria, BC, and its Lekwungen people throughout the nineteenth century, the author charts the shift from a mixed and fluid mercantilist society to an increasingly racialized and segregated settler-colonial polity. This transition reveals how bodies and urbanizing spaces are reordered and remade, and how Indigenous peoples come to be produced and marked by political categories borne of the racialized practices of an urbanizing settler colonialism, which complement the powerful forces of settler ethnogenesis and colonial modernity.Cet article emploie le colonialisme de peuplement et ses mécanismes comme cadre d’analyse spécifique pour comprendre les forces historiques dans la formation de colonies de peuplement en tant que systèmes politiques urbains. L’auteur, soutenant qu’il faut prêter attention aux histoires inextricablement liées de l’immigration et de la colonisation, retrace tant les fonctions symboliques et économiques que la généalogie de la colonie de peuplement afin de mettre à jour ses impératifs politiques distincts, l’expropriation de terres autochtones et la dépossession, l’enlèvement, la séquestration et la transformation des peuples autochtones. Partant d’une étude de cas de la ville de Victoria, en Colombie-Britannique, et de sa population de peuple Lekwungen tout au long du xixe siècle, l’auteur trace le passage d’une société mercantiliste mixte et fluide à une organisation politique coloniale de peuplement de plus en plus racialisée et séparée. Cette transition révèle comment les organismes et les espaces en cours d’urbanisation sont réorganisés et refaits, et comment les peuples autochtones ont été fabriqués et marqués par des catégories politiques nées des pratiques racialisées d’un colonialisme de peuplement urbain, pratiques qui sont la contrepartie des puissantes forces de l’ethnogenèse de peuplement et de la modernité coloniale

ENGINEER: Evaluation and analysis of the project impact

An evaluation report analysing the impact of the EU funded ENGINEER project, intended to design and implement materials to promote engineering in primary schools across Europe through science and technology. The report examines impact on teaching and learning in schools and science and technology centres in ten EU countries

CLC-2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as potential modifiers of cystic fibrosis disease severity

BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease manifest by impaired chloride secretion leads to eventual respiratory failure. Candidate genes that may modify CF lung disease severity include alternative chloride channels. The objectives of this study are to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the airway epithelial chloride channel, CLC-2, and correlate these polymorphisms with CF lung disease. METHODS: The CLC-2 promoter, intron 1 and exon 20 were examined for SNPs in adult CF dF508/dF508 homozygotes with mild and severe lung disease (forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) > 70% and < 40%). RESULTS: PCR amplification of genomic CLC-2 and sequence analysis revealed 1 polymorphism in the hClC -2 promoter, 4 in intron 1, and none in exon 20. Fisher's analysis within this data set, did not demonstrate a significant relationship between the severity of lung disease and SNPs in the CLC-2 gene. CONCLUSIONS: CLC-2 is not a key modifier gene of CF lung phenotype. Further studies evaluating other phenotypes associated with CF may be useful in the future to assess the ability of CLC-2 to modify CF disease severity

The Le Souef Box: Reflections on Imperial Nostalgia, Material Culture and Exhibitionary practice in Colonial Victoria

C1 - Journal Articles Referee

Precarious intimacies: Cross-cultural violence and proximity in settler colonial economies of the Pacific Rim

The development of settler colonial cultures was deeply dependent upon the everyday proximity of Indigenous and settler workers; yet we know surprisingly little of how the precarious intimacies arising from that proximity were intrinsically connected to forms of colonial violence. This chapter examines recent trends in colonial, postcolonial, and feminist scholarship to unpack how violence and intimacy were intertwined in the settler colonial encounter, and how this connection was embedded in the formation of settler colonial economies around the Pacific Rim. Considering a wider range of colonial dynamics beyond formal labour relations, it considers the role of ideological, moral, and emotional economies in shaping the complex colonial relationships that formed the building blocks of modern settler states

"The Whip Is a Very Contagious Kind of Thing": Flogging and humanitarian reform in penal Australia

This paper traces humanitarian debates over corporal punishment and the use of the lash in the Australian colonies in the nineteenth century, with particular attention to Quakers James Backhouse and George Washington Walker's interventions in penal discipline in colonial Van Diemen's Land. It examine the ways that corporal punishment of convicts and Aboriginal peoples was framed through abolitionist eyes and explores in detail specific objections to the lash, including ideas around suffering, abstract vengeance and pain. The paper considers the move to other punishment strategies such as silent and solitary confinement, promoted in place of the lash. As we show, the evidence provided by the travelling investigative Quakers did much to inform the 1837 Select Committee on Transportation chaired by William Molesworth. The same report is also credited with reducing the rate of flogging in the penal colonies. However, while the Molesworth Committee is regarded as a decisive turning point in the history of Britain's deployment of convict labour, we argue that a shift in punishment strategies was already well underway before the late 1830s. Using new data on punishments awarded, we demonstrate that in Van Diemen's Land the demise of the lash had begun well before the Molesworth Committee met. We conclude by arguing that the association between the great humanitarian moment and the demise of flagellation so often associated Molesworth, was more complex and less direct than is often supposed