A medicina no Brasil imperial: fundamentos da autoridade profissional e da legitimidade científica

This article attempts a fresh analysis of the supposed ornamental nature of medical institutions in Imperial Brazil (1822-1889). The institutions in question were active in the production and validation of scientific knowledge relating to health both public and private in the Empire. In contrast to interpretations which explain medical and hygienic thinking in terms of the immediate interests of dominant elites —forging a medical conscience “from the outside”— the article seeks to highlight the socio-professional dynamics mobilised for the validation and control of medical knowledge according to the same standards of proof prevailing in European hygienic and anatoclinical thought. It is argued that the social position occupied by the Imperial Academy of Medicine was built on meritocratic criteria. It was not the titled nobility which accredited scientific opinion or evidence, but rather the ability to reason in accordance with established scientific standards.Pretendemos rever la creencia en un supuesto carácter ornamental de las instituciones médicas del Imperio Brasileño (1822-1889). Dichas instituciones estuvieron comprometidas con la producción y la validación de los conocimientos científicos sobre los problemas relativos a la salud pública y privada de los habitantes del imperio. En lugar de las interpretaciones que traducen el pensamiento médico e higienista elaborado por los intereses inmediatos de las élites dominantes —forjando la conciencia médica “desde fuera”— procuraremos subrayar las dinámicas socioprofesionales dirigidas hacia la producción, validación y control del saber médico, según las reglas mismas de la cientificidad adoptadas por la medicina higienista y anatómico-clínica europea, entonces vigentes. El lugar social ocupado por la Academia Imperial de Medicina suponía la existencia de criterios meritocráticos en ese microcosmo. No era la titularidad nobiliaria la que acreditaba la opinión o testigo científico, sino la habilidad de razonar según las reglas científicas consagradas

Clinical and experimental research in nineteenth-century Brazil: the circulation and control of knowledge in medical helminthology

Submitted by Maria Morais ([email protected]) on 2018-01-16T14:12:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 pdf 21.pdf: 109863 bytes, checksum: aad72db1200e8f26a460fd8c0f5828f0 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Maria Morais ([email protected]) on 2018-01-17T15:22:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pdf 21.pdf: 109863 bytes, checksum: aad72db1200e8f26a460fd8c0f5828f0 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-17T15:22:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pdf 21.pdf: 109863 bytes, checksum: aad72db1200e8f26a460fd8c0f5828f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Casa de Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasi

A húbris bioética: rumo a uma polícia epistemológica?

Este artigo propõe uma  reflexão sobre o conflito entre  o Sistema CEP/ Conep  e os pesquisadores em Ciências Humanas e Sociais (CHS), que tem  barrado o avanço das  pesquisas em nossa  área.  Para atingir esse objetivo, proponho um itinerário que parte  de uma  avaliação sobre  a organização do trabalho intelectual e a emergência dos instrumentos de regulação profissional no mundo contemporâneo. Em seguida, me aproximo dos arranjos próprios ao mundo acadêmico, com suas  ten- sões, conflitos e acomodações, alcançando, por fim, o âmago da atual controvérsia

A medicina brasileira no século XIX: un balanço historiográfico

An historiographical survey of the brasilian medicine in the XIX<sup>th</sup> century is presented. The focus is directed to pioneer and contemporary studies which are considered as landmarks in the historical understanding of the medicine field for that period.<br><br>Se presenta un balance historiográfico de la medicina brasileña del siglo XIX. El análisis se concentra en los estudios pioneros y contemporáneos, cuyas perspectivas constituyeron marcos significativos en el esfuerzo de interpretación histórica del campo médico en el período señalado

Afrânio Peixoto: Una cruzada civilizadora por la nación posible

This article profi les the biography of Dr. Afrânio Peixoto, a typical representative of the prominent physicians who were active at the beginning of the Brazilian Republic, a period when nationalist themes played important roles in Brazilian society. Dr. Peixoto focused his interests on Brazil�s most important common social problems. This article focuses on his roles in Forensic Medicine, in Education and scientifi c literature and fi ction, as well as his controversy with Carlos Chagas, in Tropical Medicine.Este artículo traza el perfi l biográfi co de Afrânio Peixoto, un miembro típico de la élite médica, al comienzo de la República de Brasil, entonces involucrada con temas nacionalistas. El Dr. Peixoto dirigió sus intereses a los problemas sociales cotidianos más diversos. Hemos puesto de relieve su papel en la Medicina Legal, en la Educación y en la literatura científi ca y de fi cción. Llamamos la atención también sobre su polémica con Carlos Chagas en Medicina Tropical