Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminium Using Exudate Gum from Pachylobus edulis

The anti-corrosive effect of Pachylobus edulis exudate gum in combination with halides ions (Cl–, Br– and I–) for aluminium corrosion in HCl was studied at temperature range of 30-60°C using weight loss method. Results obtained showed that the naturally occurring exudate gum acts as an inhibitor for aluminium corrosion in acidic environment. Inhibition efficiency (%I) increases with increase in concentration of the exudate gum and synergistically increased to a considerable extent on the addition of the halide ions. The increase in inhibition efficiency (%I) and surface coverage (θ) in the presence of the halides was found to be in the order I– > Br– > Cl– which indicates that the radii as well as electronegativity of the halide ions play a significant role in the adsorption process. Pachylobus edulis exudate gum obeys Temkin adsorption isotherm. Phenomenon of physical adsorption is proposed from the values of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters obtained. The values of synergism parameter (S1) obtained for the halides are greater than unity suggesting that the enhanced inhibition efficiency of the P. edulis caused by the addition of the halide ions is only due to synergistic effect

RABIES IN A TWO -AND -A-HALF MONTH

Rabies has no cure but can be prevented through vaccination. It is a disease of zoonotic importance. It is believed that maternal immunity protects dogs up to and about 3 months of age thereafter they have to be given vaccination that will protect them against the disease. An unvaccinated bitch with anti rabies vaccination will not confer on her puppies any immunity against rabies virus infection

Comparative supercapacitive properties of asymmetry two electrode coin type supercapacitor cells made from MWCNTS/cobalt oxide and MWCNTs/iron oxide nanocomposite

Supercapacitive properties of synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles (MO) vis a vis iron oxides (Fe2O3) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles integrated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in a two-electrode coin cell type asymmetry supercapacitor assembly was investigated. The synthesised MO and nanocomposite films were characterised using techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scan electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The supercapacitance of the asymmetry MWCNT-MO based supercapacitor in 1 M H2SO4 and 1 M Na2SO4 electrolytes was measured using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic constant current charge-discharge (CD) techniques. The asymmetry supercapacitors MWCNT-Fe2O3|MWCNT and MWCNT-Co3O4|MWCNT gave the highest specific capacitance (SC) values of 439.94 mFcm-2 (or 64.74 Fg-1) and 425.83 mFcm-2 (or 45.79 Fg−1) respectively in 1 M H2SO4 using charge-discharge technique. Results obtained from charge-discharge experiment are much higher compared with those obtained using the CV technique since it is the most reliable and accurate method. The values compared favorably and higher compared to those reported in literature using similar technique. MWCNT-Fe2O3|MWCNT cell gave specific power (SP) and specific energy (SE) of 19.31 Wkg-1 and 2.68 WhKg-1 respectively in 1 M H2SO4, while the energy deliverable efficiency (/%) of the cell is 99.6 and 91.3% in 1 M H2SO4 and 1 M Na2SO4 respectively.http://www.electrochemsci.orgam201

Inhibition effect of Vernonia amygdalina extract on the corrosion of mild steel reinforcement in concrete in 0.2 M H2SO4 Environment

Inhibition effect of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) extract on the corrosion behaviour of embedded mild steel rebar in concrete immersed in 0.2% H2SO4 solution was investigated by potential measurement, pH and gravimetric methods using the extracts concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The results were further analysed using the two-factor ANOVA test. Potential measurement was performed using a digital voltmeter and a copper/copper sulphate reference electrode. Compressive strength of each block sample was determined after the experiments. Weight loss values were obtained from the gravimetric method, and the inhibitor efficiency was computed from the corrosion rate of each of the tested samples. Results showed that varied concentration of V. amygdalina and the test exposure time significantly affect both the corrosion potential of embedded steel rebar in concrete and the pH of the medium. The extracts gave appreciable corrosion inhibition performance of the embedded steel rebar at 25 and 50% concentrations with the weight loss of 500 (0.5 g) and 400 mg (0.4 g) and corrosion rates values of 0.000240 and 0.000180 mm/ yr, respectively. The highest inhibition efficiency (60.68%) was achieved at 50 and 39.94% at 25% concentrations, respectively. The 100 and 75% concentrations gave negative inhibitor values of �51.52 and �20.11%. The ANOVA test confirmed the results at 95% confidence, and further showed that concentration of V. amygdalina had greater effect on potential and pH measurement

Egg weight and egg shell thickness as affected by dietary calcium

Graded levels of dietary inclusions of oyster shell and bone meal were used as calcium sources to determine their influence on egg weight and egg thickness for laying chicken in cages, under tropical conditions. Birds were allocated at random to 8% oyster shell and 2% bone meal in treatment 1; 7% and 3% in treatment II; 6% and 4% in treatment III; 5% and 5% in treatment IV respectively. Egg weight and egg shell thickness did not show significant differences (P> 0.05). Increasing calcium level above 2% depresses egg shell quality, obtained by using 5% oyster shell and 5% bone meal in the diet. Keywords: Dietary calcium, oyster shell, bone meal and caged laying chicken. [Global Jnl Agric Res Vol.2(1) 2003: 1-4

Effects of artificially induced aestivation on edible tropical land snail Achatina achatina

The effects of artificially induced aestivation on edible tropical land snail species Achatina achatina under controlled laboratory conditions for 12 weeks in plastic snaileries was studied, comparing active (control) snails given water and food ad libitum with aestivated snails without food and water. Parameters determined were weights of edible and non- edible portions of each snail. Aestivated snails showed significant (

Foodborne helminth sapro-zoonotic parasites in edible land snails from planted and natural forest ecosystems

No Abstract

Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminium Using Exudate Gum from Pachylobus edulis in the Presence of Halide Ions in HCl

The anti-corrosive effect of Pachylobus edulis exudate gum in combination with halides ions (Cl–, Br– and I–) for aluminium corrosion in HCl was studied at temperature range of 30-60°C using weight loss method. Results obtained showed that the naturally occurring exudate gum acts as an inhibitor for aluminium corrosion in acidic environment. Inhibition efficiency (%I) increases with increase in concentration of the exudate gum and synergistically increased to a considerable extent on the addition of the halide ions. The increase in inhibition efficiency (%I) and surface coverage (θ) in the presence of the halides was found to be in the order I– > Br– > Cl– which indicates that the radii as well as electronegativity of the halide ions play a significant role in the adsorption process. Pachylobus edulis exudate gum obeys Temkin adsorption isotherm. Phenomenon of physical adsorption is proposed from the values of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters obtained. The values of synergism parameter (S1) obtained for the halides are greater than unity suggesting that the enhanced inhibition efficiency of the P. edulis caused by the addition of the halide ions is only due to synergistic effect