Factors Influencing the Psychological Well-Being of Psychiatric Nurses

This descriptive survey study was conducted to define the factors influencing the psychological well-being of psychiatric nurses. For this study, a structuralized questionnaire was used. The subjects of this study were a total of 260 nurses who worked for over six months of clinical practice in 16 specialized psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric wards, and psychiatric hospitals in Korea. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and verified with descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In addition, a stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing the subjects’ psychological well-being. As a result, the scores of the psychiatric nurses' emotional labor, anger expression, and psychological well-being were 3.06 points, 23.04 points, and 3.41 points, respectively. Psychological well-being was revealed to have a significant negative correlation with emotional labor (r=-.25 p<.001), and anger expression (r=-.34 p<.001), its sub-factors: anger-in (r=-.36 p<.001), and anger-out (r= -.19 p=.003), and have a significant positive correlation with anger control (r=.12 p=.050). The factors found to affect psychological well-being were anger-in (β=-.30 p<.001) and anger control (β=.20 p<.001), which are sub-factors of anger expression, and mismatch of emotions, a sub-factor of emotional labor (β=-.16 p=.001). Therefore, it is necessary to identify important factors that affectthe psychological well-being of psychiatric nurses, and develop strategies to reduce the intensity of emotional labor, especially the mismatch of emotions, and effectively control anger expression

Effects of Elastic Band Resistance Exercise on Depression, Stress, and Autonomic Balance when Applied to the Elderly for 12 Weeks: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

This study is to determine how a resistance exercise program with an elastic band affects the elderly. Elderly subjects were studied for 12 weeks to determine the program’s effect on depression, stress, and autonomic balance. Methods: There were 30 subjects in the experimental group and 31 subjects in the control group. The experimental group participated in resistance exercise three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) for 12 weeks, and the control group did not participate in resistance exercise for 12 weeks. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the general characteristics and homogeneity of the dependent variable. There were significant differences in depression and stress, and parasympathetic activity was partially significant but sympathetic activity was not. Conclusion: The resistance exercise program using an elastic band gradually reduced depression and stress over time and helped recover the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, for the elderly, resistance exercise using an elastic band is recommended to reduce depression and stress. We propose a follow-up study to measure the improvement of balance by dualizing the autonomic nervous system into sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve

Diagnostics to support elimination of lymphatic filariasis-development of two target product profiles

As lymphatic filariasis (LF) programs move closer to established targets for validation elimination of LF as a public health problem, diagnostic tools capable of supporting the needs of the programs are critical for success. Known limitations of existing diagnostic tools make it challenging to have confidence that program endpoints have been achieved. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a Diagnostic Technical Advisory Group (DTAG) for Neglected Tropical Diseases tasked with prioritizing diagnostic needs including defining use-cases and target product profiles (TPPs) for needed tools. Subsequently, disease-specific DTAG subgroups, including one focused on LF, were established to develop TPPs and use-case analyses to be used by product developers. Here, we describe the development of two priority TPPs for LF diagnostics needed for making decisions for stopping mass drug administration (MDA) of a triple drug regimen and surveillance. Utilizing the WHO core TPP development process as the framework, the LF subgroup convened to discuss and determine attributes required for each use case. TPPs considered the following parameters: product use, design, performance, product configuration and cost, and access and equity. Version 1.0 TPPs for two use cases were published by WHO on 12 March 2021 within the WHO Global Observatory on Health Research and Development. A common TPP characteristic that emerged in both use cases was the need to identify new biomarkers that would allow for greater precision in program delivery. As LF diagnostic tests are rarely used for individual clinical diagnosis, it became apparent that reliance on population-based surveys for decision making requires consideration of test performance in the context of such surveys. In low prevalence settings, the number of false positive test results may lead to unnecessary continuation or resumption of MDA, thus wasting valuable resources and time. Therefore, highly specific diagnostic tools are paramount when used to measure low thresholds. The TPP process brought to the forefront the importance of linking use case, program platform and diagnostic performance characteristics when defining required criteria for diagnostic tools

Study of hadronic event-shape variables in multijet final states in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Constraints on parton distribution functions and extraction of the strong coupling constant from the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

Genome wide meta-analysis identifies genomic relationships, novel loci, and pleiotropic mechanisms across eight psychiatric disorders

Genetic influences on psychiatric disorders transcend diagnostic boundaries, suggesting substantial pleiotropy of contributing loci. However, the nature and mechanisms of these pleiotropic effects remain unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of 232,964 cases and 494,162 controls from genome-wide studies of anorexia nervosa, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and Tourette syndrome. Genetic correlation analyses revealed a meaningful structure within the eight disorders identifying three groups of inter-related disorders. We detected 109 loci associated with at least two psychiatric disorders, including 23 loci with pleiotropic effects on four or more disorders and 11 loci with antagonistic effects on multiple disorders. The pleiotropic loci are located within genes that show heightened expression in the brain throughout the lifespan, beginning in the second trimester prenatally, and play prominent roles in a suite of neurodevelopmental processes. These findings have important implications for psychiatric nosology, drug development, and risk prediction

Neurobiology of rodent self-grooming and its value for translational neuroscience

Self-grooming is a complex innate behaviour with an evolutionarily conserved sequencing pattern and is one of the most frequently performed behavioural activities in rodents. In this Review, we discuss the neurobiology of rodent self-grooming, and we highlight studies of rodent models of neuropsychiatric disorders-including models of autism spectrum disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder-that have assessed self-grooming phenotypes. We suggest that rodent self-grooming may be a useful measure of repetitive behaviour in such models, and therefore of value to translational psychiatry. Assessment of rodent self-grooming may also be useful for understanding the neural circuits that are involved in complex sequential patterns of action.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant NS025529)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant HD028341)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant MH060379

An outbreak of post-acupuncture cutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium abscessus

BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing popularity of acupuncture, the importance of infection control is not adequately emphasized in Oriental medicine. In December 2001, an Oriental medical doctor in Seoul, South Korea, encountered several patients with persistent, culture-negative skin lesions on the trunk and extremities at the sites of prior acupuncture treatment. We identified and investigated an outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus cutaneous infection among the patients who attended this Oriental medicine clinic. METHODS: Patients were defined as clinic patients with persistent cutaneous infections at the acupuncture sites. Medical records for the previous 7 months were reviewed. Clinical specimens were obtained from the patients and an environmental investigation was performed. M. abscessus isolates, cultured from patients, were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS: Forty patients who attended the Oriental medicine clinic and experienced persistent cutaneous wound infections were identified. Cultures from five of these patients proved positive, and all other diagnoses were based on clinical and histopathologic examinations. All environmental objects tested were negative for M. abscessus, however, most were contaminated by various nosocomial pathogens. Molecular analysis using PFGE found all wound isolates to be identical. CONCLUSION: We have identified a large outbreak of rapidly growing mycobacterial infection among patients who received acupuncture at a single Oriental medicine clinic. Physicians should suspect mycobacterial infections in patients with persistent cutaneous infections following acupuncture, and infection control education including hygienic practice, should be emphasized for Oriental medical doctors practicing acupuncture