Being a caregiver in the management of chronic mental illness: A phenomenological qualitative research

Research aim/problem: This research was performed to evaluate the caring experiences of caregivers’ of individuals diagnosed mental illness. Method: This qualitative study was performed with 13 caregivers who care for individuals who had chronic mental illness at inpatient units and community mental health center of a hospital serving in the Aegean Region of Turkey. The data collection process was performed by introductory form, semi-structured interview forms were used during interviews as face-to-face in-depth interviews. Results: The sample population was comprised of 13 caregivers. The participants’ average age was 45.6 (min: 29–max: 62), of which 5 were single, 8 were women, 2 had a graduate degree, 8 had children. Participants had an average of 10 years of caring period (min: 3- max:22) and %61.5 had a support during a patient care. According to the results, five themes were determined related to experiences of caregivers. Themes were “difficulties related to caring, experiences related to social life, experiences related to emotional issues, positive aspects and experiences related to family matters”. Subthemes of this study were controlling behaviors, treatment follow up, controlling disease symptoms, planning future, stigmatization, restrictions on social life, emotional expression, ambivalant emotion, crisis management, sharing similar experiences, effectiveness of education, family support, daily routines, family roles. Conclusion: In this research, difficulties of the caregiving process are management of emotional and behavioral problems, maintaining treatment, stigma, social limitations, changes in family dynamics ve concerns about the future. Educational activities and sharing similar experiences with other caregivers were determined as positive experiences. Supporting caregivers in chronic mental illnesses can improve care quality by reducing the burden of care. It is important to plan effective interventions for caregivers, to implement psychoeducational programs and to provide home psychiatric care services

Clinical Comparison of Medetomidine with Isoflurane or Sevoflurane for Anesthesia in Horses

The effects of anesthesia using medetomidine combined with isoflurane or sevoflurane on hemodynamic parameters, blood biochemistry, and intraocular pressure was evaluated in horses. Healthy horses (n=12) with a mean body weight of 438 +/- 51kg were used. Premedication was provided by administering medetomidine (7 mu g/kg) intravenously (IV), and general anesthesia was induced by administering ketamine (2.2 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.03 mg/kg) IV after which isoflurane (n=6) or sevoflurane (n=6) was administered for inhalation anesthesia. Blood gases, respiratory rate, heart rate, electrocardiogram, body temperature, and oxygen saturation, as well as systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded at 0, 5, 15, 30, and 60 min after administering medetomidine. Statistically non-significant differences in the study variables were observed between the isoflurane and sevoflurane groups. Blood gases and electrolyte parameters in both groups were unchanged. Intraocular pressure and liver enzymes levels were similar to reference values. Anesthesia protocols of study using medetomidine combined with isoflurane or sevoflurane produced minimal complications in horses. Medetomidine with sevoflurane provided deep anesthesia, and had fewer cardiopulmonary effects than medetomidine with isoflurane. (C) 2015 PVJ. All rights reserve

Some egg quality traits of two laying hybrids kept in different cage systems

Onbasilar, Ebru/0000-0002-1321-0280; UNAL, NECMETTIN/0000-0001-5250-7063WOS: 000416989900007Interest has been increasing about enriched cages affecting the laying hens and the producers. Egg quality traits are important for economic impact. Whence, the purpose of this study was to determine the differences in egg quality traits of two laying hybrids reared in conventional and enriched cages at different ages. 532 Lohmann Brown Classic (LB) and 532 Lohmann LSL Classic (LW) hens were kept from 16 to 73 weeks in either conventional cages or enriched cages. Twenty eight eggs were selected randomly from each hybrid and cage group at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 wk of ages at from 08.00 to 10.00 o'clock to evaluate egg quality traits. For this aim, a total of 672 eggs were used. Egg weight, shape index, breaking strength, shell thickness, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh Unit were determined. Yolk index, albumen index and Haugh Unit in eggs of hens were reared in conventional cages were lower than those of in enriched cages. Egg weight, shape index and shell thickness were higher in eggs laid by LB hens. Layer age was affected all examined egg quality parameters. Consequently, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh Unit were enhanced by the enrichment of the cages and interactions among cage type, hybrid and layer age should be taken for the egg quality traits.Ankara UniversityAnkara University [BAP-10A3338005]This research was supported by Ankara University BAP-10A3338005

Farklı kafes sistemlerinde barındırılan iki yumurtacı hibritte bazı yumurta kalite özellikleri

Yumurtacı tavukları ve üreticileri etkileyen zenginleştirilmiş kafeslere olan ilgi artmaktadır. Yumurta kalite özellikleri ekonomik öneme sahiptir. Bu nedenle bu araştırmanın amacı geleneksel ve zenginleştirilmiş kafeslerde barındırılan iki yumurtacı hibritte farklı yaşlarda yumurta kalite özelliklerini araştırmaktır. Toplam 532 Lohmann Kahverengi (LB) ve 532 Lohmann Beyaz (LW) yumurtacı tavuk 16 haftalık yaştan 73 haftalık yaşa kadar geleneksel ve zenginleştirilmiş kafeslerde barındırıldı. Yumurta kalite özelliklerinin incelenmesi için 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 ve 70 haftalık yaşlarda saat 8.00-10.00 arasında her bir genotip ve kafes grubundan 28 yumurta rastgele seçildi. Bu amaçla toplam 672 yumurta kullanıldı. Yumurta ağırlığı, şekil indeksi, kırılma mukavemeti, kabuk kalınlığı, ak indeksi, sarı indeksi ve Haugh birimi belirlendi. Geleneksel kafeste yetiştirilen tavukların yumurtasında sarı indeksi, ak indeksi ve Haugh birimi zenginleştirilmiş kafeste yetiştirilenlerinkine göre daha düşük bulundu. Yumurta ağırlığı, şekil indeksi ve kabuk kalınlığının kahverengi yumurtacılardan elde edilen yumurtalarda daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Yumurtacı tavukların yaşı, incelenen tüm yumurta kalite özelliklerini etkiledi. Sonuç olarak, zenginleştirilmiş kafesler ak indeksi, sarı indeksi ve Haugh birimini arttırmıştır ve kafes tipi, hibrit ve yaş arasındaki interaksiyonlar yumurta kalitesi bakımından dikkate alınmalıdırInterest has been increasing about enriched cages affecting the laying hens and the producers. Egg quality traits are important for economic impact. Whence, the purpose of this study was to determine the differences in egg quality traits of two laying hybrids reared in conventional and enriched cages at different ages. 532 Lohmann Brown Classic (LB) and 532 Lohmann LSL Classic (LW) hens were kept from 16 to 73 weeks in either conventional cages or enriched cages. Twenty eight eggs were selected randomly from each hybrid and cage group at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 wk of ages at from 08.00 to 10.00 o’clock to evaluate egg quality traits. For this aim, a total of 672 eggs were used. Egg weight, shape index, breaking strength, shell thickness, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh Unit were determined. Yolk index, albumen index and Haugh Unit in eggs of hens were reared in conventional cages were lower than those of in enriched cages. Egg weight, shape index and shell thickness were higher in eggs laid by LB hens. Layer age was affected all examined egg quality parameters. Consequently, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh Unit were enhanced by the enrichment of the cages and interactions among cage type, hybrid and layer age should be taken for the egg quality trait