Successful Treatment of Essential Palatal Tremor Lasting Over a Long Term with a Rare Application of Botulinum Toxin in a Child

 AbstractHow to Cite This Article: Eryılmaz A, Başal Y, Günel C, Ozkul A, Tosun A. Successful Treatment of Essential Palatal Tremor LastingOver a Long Term with a Rare Application of Botulinum Toxin in a Child. Iran J Child Neurol. Autumn 2015;9(4): 75-77.AbstractObjectiveAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders. In recent years, the impacts of various micronutrients on ADHD have been studied. However, vitamin D has received much less attention. This study was aimed at evaluating the association and level ofserum vitamin D in children with ADHD.Materials & MethodsThis case-control study was carried out, in 2012, on 6 to 12 yr-old children. Thirty-seven were children with ADHD in the cases group and another 37 healthy children were in the control group. Venous blood sample was drawn from each child to measure the serum level of vitamin D. Other variables were compared as well.ResultsThe mean serum vitamin D level of children with ADHD (19.11±10.10 ng/ml) was significantly lower than that of the control group (28.67±13.76 ng/ml) (P<0.001).ConclusionDeficiency of vitamin D has been proved in various psychiatric diseases. This study evidenced a significantly low level of serum vitamin D in children with ADHD. This suggests the need for regularly monitoring of serum vitamin D levels and treatment of patients with vitamin D deficiencies

An Adolescent with a Suddenly Developed Mask Face

A 13-year-old adolescent girl with symptoms of fever, headache, vomiting and suddenly developed stroke at face admitted to emergency department. On her physical examination, exudative tonsillitis, bilateral facial palsy (BFP), and meningeal irritation signs were detected. The diagnosis of meningitis was excluded by normal lomber puncture. Acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was diagnosed by a positive Monospot test and high EBV early antigen immunoglobulin M titers. In cranial diffusion magnetic resonance imaging pathological contrast enhancement of left facial nerve was detected. Complete axonal degeneration at left half of face and mild axonal degeneration at right half of face were detected in electroneuromyography. She partially recovered from BFP after a year of duration despite extensive physical exercise programme

Rarely Seen Nasal Congenital Problems Causing Neonatal Upper Respiratory Obstruction: A Case Series

Since newborns are obligatory nasal breathers, upper respiratory tract problems may sometimes be life threatening. The most common pathology causing dyspnea and stridor in newborns is laryngomalacia. Nasal cavity pathologies that risk the neonatal airway are more rarely met. These anomalies may be seen either as solitary anomalies or as a part of a syndrome. While choanal atresia is one of the best-known nasal cavity anomalies, choanal stenosis, congenital nasal mid-line masses, congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis, and nasal tip anomalies are more rarely seen structural pathologies. Choanal atresia may be present either as an isolated congenital anomaly or as a part of CHARGE syndrome. Some rare chromosome anomalies may also cause significant problems during nasal respiration in newborns. With this study, we presented a case series of newborns with pathologies that affected nasal respiration. Although the diagnosis and treatment of choanal atresia and congenital dacryocystocele are well known, the information on the diagnosis and treatment of the other two uncommon cases are limited. With this study, we aimed to contribute to the literature by presenting our approach in six cases having congenital pathologies that cause nasal respiratory obstruction

Protective effect of Pycnogenol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats

Context: Pycnogenol((R)), which is French maritime pine bark extract, is a potent antioxidant. It is used in medical conditions caused by oxidative stress. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II) is an antineoplastic agent. However, its serious side effects such as ototoxicity limit its usage.Objective: Antioxidants can be used to prevent ototoxicity. We investigated the effect of Pycnogenol((R)) on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.Materials and methods: Rats were randomly assigned to four groups of five. Distortion product-evoked otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) test was performed for each rat. The experimental groups were as follows: Control Group, Pycnogenol((R)) Group: 10mg/kg Pycnogenol((R)) intraperitoneally for 7 days, Cisplatin Group: intraperitoneally 15mg/kg single injection of cisplatin on the fifth day, Cisplatin+Pycnogenol((R)) Group: intraperitoneally 10mg/kg Pycnogenol((R)) treatment for 7 days, additionally on the fifth day, 15mg/kg single injection of cisplatin was given. On the eighth day, DPOAE was re-performed and rats were sacrificed. Apoptosis was evaluated histopathologically.Results: Mean percentage of apoptotic cells was 1.5, 3, 30 and 11% in organ of Corti and 2, 2, 40, 15% in spiral ganglion neurons in Control Group, Pycnogenol((R)) Group, Cisplatin Group and Cisplatin+Pycnogenol((R)) Group, respectively. Cisplatin Group and Cisplatin+Pycnogenol((R)) Group were significantly different when compared to Control Group histopathologically both in organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neuron (p<0.001, p=0.019, p=0.001, p=0.015). DPOAE results showed that Cisplatin+Pycnogenol((R)) Group was significantly different when compared to Cisplatin Group at 3, 6 and 8kHz (p<0.05).Conclusion: Pycnogenol protected against cisplatin ototoxicity. Also, pycnogenol is not ototoxic

Evaluation of Lapatinib and Trastuzumab for Ototoxic Effects

OBJECTIVE: Trastuzumab and lapatinib are widely used chemotherapeutic agents. Our aim in this study was to assess the possible ototoxicity of these chemotherapeutic agents

Turkish Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis (ART)

Object: To prepare a national guideline for Oto-rhinolaryngologist who treat allergic rhinitis patient